The Black Sea and the Early Civilizations of Europe, the Near East and AsiaThe Black Sea lies at the junction of three major cultural areas: Europe, Central Asia, and the Near East. It plays a crucial role in enduring discussions about the impact of complex Near Eastern societies on European societies, and the repercussions of early urbanization across Eurasia. This book presents the first comprehensive overview of the Black Sea region in the prehistoric period. It penetrates artificial boundaries imposed by traditions, politics, and language to encompass both the European and Asiatic coasts and both Eastern European and Western scholarly literature. With a critical compilation and synthesis of archaeological data, this study situates the prehistoric Black Sea in a global historical context. By adopting the perspective of technology and innovation, it transcends a purely descriptive account of material culture and emphasizes society, human interaction, and engagement with the material world. |
Contents
A Framework of Technology | 18 |
The Neolithic Prologue | 31 |
cluster at Ust Karenga in northern Transbaikal 1 | 45 |
The Valley of the Lower Kuban | 50 |
LIST OF TABLES | 52 |
quern from Chishkho 3 and a large storage vessel | 71 |
Chishkho | 77 |
turquoise 5 silver 6 gold | 117 |
LIST OF TABLES | 165 |
Wetlands of the Western Black Sea | 170 |
silex 5 antler 6 7 pottery | 188 |
Usatovo I13 1 4 1012 Usatovo 113 2 Usatovo I12 | 217 |
The Black Sea Littoral of Anatolia | 227 |
Trench B 2 7 8 Ikiztepe III Trench I 10 12 Ikiztepe III | 247 |
The Black Sea and the Outside World | 257 |
Notes | 273 |
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Common terms and phrases
Alexandrovka Alkim Anatolia animal archaeological arsenical copper Arslantepe artefacts assemblage axes Balkans beads Bilgi bones Bronze Age burial carnelian cemetery central ceramic Cernavoda Chalcolithic Chishkho clay coast coastal contained culture daggers dating decoration Dergachev Dnepr Dneprovskij Dnestr domestic Durankulak EARLY CIVILIZATIONS evidence example excavations fifth millennium BC figurines flat flint fourth millennium BC gold grasslands graves Iarovoj Ikiztepe Iran Klady Korenevskij Korobkova and Shaposhnikova Krasnodar reservoir Kuban Kurgan late Tripolie layer LOWER KUBAN Maikop Maikop period Majaki Manzura material Mehrgarh Mesopotamia metal Mikhajlovka Moreover mounds Munchaev Namazga Neolithic north Black Sea north Caucasian north Caucasus NOTES TO PAGES Patokova Petrenko pottery PPNB prehistoric Purkary Rassamakin 2004b region Ryndina Schoop settlement shapes Shaposhnikova 2005 sheep sherds Sialk silver slag smelting southern Bug southwest Asia steppe stone technique Tepe tion Todorova Trench Tripolie Uruk Usatovo valley Veselovskij vessels ware wild Zbenovich 1974