insignificant and diminutive from the gigantic monument blocking up nearly the West side, in six colossal statues of the first Duke and Dutchess, and their two sons, attended by Fame and History. To say that overdrawn Nature by sculptural propensity is objectionable in any situation, though on the most enlarged elevation, is a truism not to be controverted; for, surely, to behold a design of a dimension adequate to be conspicuous on any altitude our vast St. Paul's has to boast, thrust into a common-sized apartment, must outrage all just proportion and every pleasing obserAN ARCHITECT. vation. COMPENDIUM OF COUNTY HISTORY. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. SITUATION AND EXTENT. Boundaries. North, Northampton. East, Bedford, Hertford, and Middlesex. South, Surrey and Berks. West, Oxford. Greatest length 45, greatest width 18, circumference 138, square 730 miles. Province, Canterbury. Diocese, Lincoln, excepting 6 Parishes in Canterbury, and 4 in London. Circuit, Norfolk. British Inhabitants. ANTIENT STATE AND REMAINS. Roman Province. Flavia Cæsariensis. Stratford. Saxon Heptarchy. Mercia. Station. Magioviatum, Fenny Antiquities. White Leaf Cross cut on the side of a hill near Risborough. Earth Works at Kimble Hill; Nutley and Medmenham Abbeys; Chetwode Priory; Stewkley, Hanslope, and Olney Churches; Eton College, founded in 1441 by Henry VI. Stewkley Church is one of the finest specimens of Saxon Architecture in the Kingdom. At Ashridge was the first house of the Bon-hommes, the last Order of Friars that visited England: they were brought over in 1283, by Edmund, Earl of Cornwall. PRESENT STATE AND APPEARANCE. Rivers. THAMES, Ouse, Thame, Coln, Ouzel, Wick, Loddon. Inland Navigation. Grand Junction Canal, with Buckingham and Wendover branches. Thames and Isis Canal. Eminences and Views. Chiltern Hills; Salt Hill; Taplow Hill; Kimble Hill, Ditton Park, Lord Montague. Fawley Court,Strickland Freeman, esq. Haddington House, Hon. Lieutenant General Vere Poulett. Langley Park, Sir R. Bateson Har- Latimers, Lord George Cavendish. Stoke Pogeis, John Penn, esq. Tyringham, William Praed, esq. Wilton Park, James Du Pré, esq. Members to Parliament. For the County, 2; Amersham, 2; Aylesbury, 2, Buckingham, 2; Great Marlow, 2; High Wycombe, 2; Wendover, 2; total 14. Produce. Corn, Cattle, Butter, Ducks, Fuller's Earth. Manufactures. Lace, Paper, Mait. POTULA POPULATION. Hundreds, S; Parishes, 201; Market-lowns, 14; Houses, 22,386. Families employed in Agriculture, 13,933; in Trade, 8,424; in neither, 2,844 total, 25,201. Baptisms. Males, 1774; Females, 1746. — Marriages, 962.— Burials, Males, 1186; Females, 1326. Towns containing not less than 1000 Inhabitants; viz. Talal, Towns, 17; Houses, 6,989; Inhabitants, 35,906. HISTORY. A. D. 48, near Buckingham, Caractacus and Togodumnus, sons of Cunobeline (the Cymbeline of Shakspeare) were successively defeated by Aulus Plautius, the Roman General. BIOGRAPHY. Aldrich, Robert, Bp. of Carlisle, applauded by Erasmus, Burnham, about 1488. Alley, William, Bp. of Exeter, translator of the Pentateuch, High Wickham, about 1510. Anderson, George, mathematician and accountant, Weston, 1760. Atterbury, Lewis, divine, Caldecot, 1656. ATTERBURY, FRANCIS, Bp. of Rochester, Milton Keynes, 1662. Bate, George, physician, Maid's Morton, 1608. Cox, Richard, Bp. of Ely, one of the composers of the Liturgy, Whaddon, 1499. Crab, Roger, "The English Hermit," beginning of the Sixteenth Century. Crooke, Sir George, Lord Chief Justice, Chilton, about 1611. DIGBY, Sir KENELM, Gothurst, 1603. Gregory, John, divine, Amersham, 1607. Haddon, Walter, scholar, 1516. Humphrey, Laurence, Dean of Winchester, scholar, Newport Pagnel, 1527. Lister, Martin, physician and naturalist, about 1638. Montague, Richard, Bp. of Norwich, Dorney, 1578. Odell, Thomas, dramatic writer, about 1700. Oughtred, William, mathematician, Eton, 1574. Sharrock, Robert, miscellaneous writer, Adstock, Seventeenth Century. Wendover, Roger de, historiographer to Henry III. Wendover. MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS. The Chilteru Huudreds, a range of chalk hills, principally in this County, have Stewards appointed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, with a salary of 20s. and all fees. By accepting this nominal office, a Member vacates his seat in Parliament. At Chalfont St. Giles, Milton finished "Paradise Lost," and at the sugges tion of Elwood, a Quaker, began "Paradise Regained." Stoke Pogeis Church-yard is the scene of Gray's "Elegy," and his burialplace: the old Manor-house is described in his " Long Story:" a distant prospect of Eton is the theme of one of his Odes. Stoke Golding was the residence of Lord Chief Justice Coke, who died there Sept. 3, 1634.- Hampden was the seat and burial-place of the patriot Hampden.-Cleifden, burnt May 20, 1795, was the Palace of Frederick Prince of Wales, father of his Majesty, and erected by the witty and profligate Villiers, second Duke of Buckingham," whose character is described by Dryden, and whose death by Pope, in finas never to be forgotten." Whaddon Chase was was the residence of Browne Willis, the Antiquary, the subject of a ludicrous ballad in the "Oxford Sausage."-Stow, its gardens, and Lord Cobham, its illustrious possessor, are immortalized in the verses of Pope.--Cowper lived at Weston, near Olney, and has described the scenery in his Poems.-At Beaconsfield lie the remains of Waller and of Burke. At Hillesdon is the tomb of Godfrey Boate, Judge, the subject of a quibbling Elegy by Swift.Hartwell was the residence of Louis XVIII. - At Slough lives the Astronomer Herschel. CAMBRIDGESHIRE. SITUATION AND EXTENT. Boundaries. North, Lincoln. East, Norfolk and Suffolk. South, Essex and Hertford. West, Northampton, Huntingdon, and Bedford. Greatest length 45, greatest breadth 30, circumference 130, square 686 miles, Province, Canterbury. Diocese, Ely, excepting a few Parishes in Norwich and Rochester. Circuit, Norfolk. ANTIENT STATE AND REMAINS. British Inhabitants. Iceni. Roman Province. Flavia Cæsariensis.-Station. Camboritum, Cambridge. Saxon Heptarchy. East Anglia. Antiquities. Cambridge Colleges and Halls; St. Sepulchre's and St. Mary's Churches. Ely Cathedral. Thorney Abbey. Barnwell Priory. Burwell, Wisbeach, and Sutton Churches. Devil's Ditch. Soham was an East-Anglian Episcopal See. Thorney was a Mitred Abbey. St. Sepulchre's is a Round Church, built by the Knights Templars in imitation of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem; there are only three other Round Churches in the Kingdom. St. Mary's is the University Church. The only House of Bethlemite Friars in England was in Trumpingtonstreet, Cambridge: they came over in 1257. COLLEGES AND HALLS. Peter House, founded 1284, by Hugh de Balsham, Bishop of Ely. Pembroke Hall, 1843, by Mary, third wife of Aymer de Valence, Earl of Pembroke. Clare Hall, 1344, by Elizabeth de Burgh, daughter of Gilbert, last Earl of Clare. Corpus Christi, or Ben'et College, 1344, by the two Guilds of the Body of Christ and the Virgin Mary. Gonvile and Caius College, 1348, by Edmund Gonvile, Rector of Terrington, Norfolk, enlarged in 1557, by John Caius, physician to Queen Mary. Trinity Hall, 1351, by William Bateman, Bp. of Norwich. KING'S COLLEGE, 1441, by Henry VI. Its Chapel (interior length 291 feet, height 78, breadth 45 feet six inches)" the utmost effort of constructive skill, and the paragon of architectural beauty." Queen's College, 1448, by Margaret of Anjou, wife of Henry VI. Catharine Hall, 1459, by Robert Woodlark, Provost of King's, and Chancellor of the University. Jesus College, 1496, by John Alcock, Bp. of Ely, and Chancellor of England. Christ's College, 1506, by Margaret, Countess of Richmond, mother of Henry VII. St. John's College, the largest in the University, 1508, by the foundress of Christ's. TRINITY COLLEGE, a magnificent establishment, 1540, by Henry VIII. Magdalen College, the only College on the North side of the Cam, 1542, by Thomas Lord Audley, Chancellor of England. Emanuel College, 1584, by Sir Walter Mildmay, Chancellor of the Exchequer to Queen Elizabeth. Sidney Sussex College, the least in the University, 1593, by bequest of Frances Sidney, Countess of Sussex. Downing College, incorporated 1800, by the will of Sir George Downing. PRESENT STATE AND APPEARANCE. Rivers. Ouse, Cam or Granta, Glen, Nen, Rhee. Inland Navigation. Wisbeach Canal, Soham Lode, Cam, Nen, and Ouse Rivers. Old and New Bedford Rivers or Fen Drains. GENT. MAG. November, 1816. Emi Eminences and Views. Gogmagog Hills; Swaffham Two Churches; Castle Camps; Sutton Church. Lord Lieutenant of the County. Gogmagog Hill, Lord Francis Godolphin Osborne. Seats. WIMPOLE, Earl of Hardwicke, Chippenham Park, John Thorpe, esq. Kneesworth Hall, Sir Charles Ethelston Nightingale. Little Shelford, Wm. Finch Finch, esq. Madingley, Rev. Sir AlexanderCotton. Modern Public Buildings. Senate House; Downing College, founded in 1800, by bequest of Sir George Downing, bart. Members to Parliament. For the County, 2; the University, 2; and the Town of Cambridge, 2: total 6. Produce. Corn, Butter, Cheese, Hemp, Flax, Saffron, Eels. Manufactures. Coarse Earthen Ware, White Bricks, Yarn, Oil. POPULATION. Hundreds, 17; Parishes, 165; Market-towns, 7; Houses, 17,489. Families employed in Agriculture, 12,831 ; in Trade, 5,303 ; in neither, 2,888: total, 21,022. Towns containing not less than 1000 Inhabitants, viz. Houses. Inhabit. Houses, 6,100; Inhabitants, 30,189. A. D. 637, Sigebert, King of East Anglia, founded a School at Cambridge, the origin of the present University. 1010, Cambridge plundered and burnt by the Danes. 1966, After the fatal Battle of Hastings, the Isle of Ely was the place of refuge to those English that could not brook submission to the Conqueror. Under Hereward, their General, they defended themselves against William for several years, and were at last subdued only through the treachery of the Abbot of Bly. 1215, Cambridge taken and plundered by the Barons. 1281, A Mob at Cambridge, under John Grantceter, burnt the Records of the University in the Market-place. 1533, July 7, at Sawston, on the death of Edward VI. Sir John Huddleston. concealed the Princess Mary, and conveyed her thence behind his servant to Framlingham Castle, in Suffolk, where she was first proclaimed Queen. 1533, July 21, John Dudley, the powerful Duke of Northumberland, arrested at Cambridge, whither he had advanced, intending to seize the Princess Mary. 1647, May 7, at Triplow, by the instigation of Cromwell, a Military Parlia ment, called the Council of Agitators, was formed, in opposition to the Parliament at Westminster. BIOGRAPHY. Balsham, Hugh de, Bp. of Ely, founder of Peter House, Balsham. Bentham, Edward, Professor of Divinity, Ely, 1707. Bentham, James, Architectural Historiau, Ely, 1708. Bulleyn, William, physician and botanist, Isle of Ely, (died 1574.) T CASTELL, EDMUND, Orientalist, Author of "Lexicon Heptagiotton," Hatley, 1606.. Cheke, Sir John, Greek scholar, Cambridge, 1514. Cole, William, the Anthony a Wood of Cambridge, (died 1782.) Collier, Jeremy,Ecclesiastical Historian, adversary of the Stage, Qui Stow, 1650. Conder, John, Dissenter, 1714. Culy, David, religious enthusiast, founder of a sect called Culy mites, last century. Cumberland, Richard, "Terence of England," Cambridge, 1732. Dalton, Dalton, Michael, Lawyer, Author of "Office of Justice of Peace," Little Abington, Sixteenth Century. Drake, James, physician and political writer, Cambridge, 1667, Hall, Thomas, (when three years old, 3 feet 8 inches high; when not quite six, died with all the symptoms of old age) Willingham, 1741. Hobson, Thos. carrier,on whom Milton wrote an epitaph, Cambridge, (died 1630.) Lyons, Israel, mathematician and botanist, Cambridge, 1739. Marvel, Andrew, commentator on the Creed, father of the Patriot, Meldrith, (drowned 1640.) Masham, Lady Damaris, amiable and learned, Cambridge, 1658. Paris, Matthew, Historian, Caxton, about 1200. Purchase, Sir William, Lord Mayor of London in 1497, Gamlingay. Richardson, Dr. Regius Professor at Cambridge, temp. James I. Linton. Rubæus, Elias, author of " Contra nobilitatem inanem," Triplow (flour. temp. Henry III.) TAYLOR, JEREMY, Bp. of Downe and Connor, Cambridge, about 1605. Thirlby, Thomas, Bp. of Ely, one of the composers of the Liturgy, about 1500. Whitehead, William, poet laureat, Cambridge, 1715. MISCELLANEOUS REMARKS. Ely is the only English city that does not send Representatives to Parliament.Newmarket town is principally in Suffolk; but the famous RaceCourse is in this County.-Sturbitch fair, once the largest in England, begius Sept. 18, and continues fourteen days. At Burwell, Sept. 8, 1717, 78 persons, assembled in a barn to see a puppetshow, were burut to death, the thatched roof having been carelessly set on fire. Babraham was the residence of Sir Horatio Palavicini, of whom see Lord Orford's Anecdotes of Painting.-Spinney Abbey was the seat of Henry Cromwell, Lord Deputy of Ireland; he was interred at Wicken by the side of his mother Elizabeth, wife of Oliver. Bottisham was the seat and burial-place of Soame Jenyns. Milton was the retirement of William Cole, the Cambridge Antiquary. At Wimpole is a splendid monument to Lord Chancellor Hardwicke. -At Trumpington lived Austey, author of the "New Bath Guide." At Cambridge, in Trinity College Library (length 200, breadth 40, and height 38 feet, built by Sir Christopher Wren) are many Poems of Milton, in his own hand-writing. In Trinity College Chapel, where lie the remains of Bentley and Porson, is the celebrated statue of Sir Isaac Newton, by Roubiliac. In the Pepysian Library, Magdalen College, is an unique collection of ballads. In the University Library is a MS. of the third or fourth century, of the "Four Gospels and Acts of the Apostles," given by Theodore Beza. The Conduit was erected by Hobson, the carrier, who is buried in St. Benet's Church he supplied the students with horses, but to give every borse its due proportion of rest and labour, would never let one out of its regular turn; whence originated the proverb of "Hobson's Choice, this or none." BYRO. ledge, my pockets often gloriously bled; and to full participation in its advantages every good-humoured Reader of the Gentleman's Magazine is here most heartily welcomed. William Canter, waw, of Utrecht, died at Louvain, in the year 1575, of a lingering consumption, in his 33d year; deservedly reckoned by Thuanus, Hist. ad ann. 1575, among the most learned men of his age. He was an indefatigable student, and a sound scholar, of no mean critical fame to whose extreme and extraordinary minuteness of accuracy more than |