108. Elocution-is not, as some errone- 112. Freedom of Thought. Beware ously suppose, an art of something artificial of pinning your faith to another's sleeve-of in tones, laks and gestures, that may be forming your own opinion entirely on that learned by imitation. The principles teach of another. Strive to attain to a modest indius-to exhibit truth and nature dressed to pendence of mind, and keep clear of leading advantage: its objects are, to enable the rea-strings: follow no one, where you cannot der, and speaker, to manifest his thoughts, see the road, in which you are desired to and feelings, in the most pleasing, perspic-walk: otherwise, you will have no confidence uous, and forcible manner, so as to charm the in your own judgment, and will become a affections, enlighten the understanding, and changeling all your days. Remember the leave the deepest, and most permanent im-old adage-"let every tub stand on its own pression, on the mind of the attentive hearer. bottom! And, "never be the mere shadow 109. The second sound of G, is hard, or gutteral, before a, o, u, l, r, and often before e, and i; also, at the end of monosyllables, and sometimes at the end of dissyltables, and their preceding sylla of another." Proverbs. 1. He dies like a beast, who has done no good while he lived. 2. 'Tis a base thing to betray a man, because he trusted 3 you. Knaves-imagine that nothing can be done without knavery. 4. He is not a wise man, who pays more for a thing than it is worth. 5. Learning— is a sceptre to some, and a bauble-to others. 6. bles. GAME; a giddy goose (G in GAME.] got a ci-gar, and gave it to a gan-grene beg-No tyrant can take from you your knowledge. 7. gar: Scrog-gins, of Brob-dig-nag, growls over his green-glass gog-gles, which the big ne-gro gath-er-ed from the bog-gy quag-mire; gid-dy gig-gling girl glides into the grogge-ry, and gloats over the gru-el in the great pig-gin of the rag-ged grand-mother, ex-right. 11. Learn to bear disappointment cheerclaim-ing, dig or beg, the game is gone. 110. Foreigners and natives may derive essential aid from this system of mental and vocal philosophy; enabling them to read and speak the language correctly; which they most certainly ought to do, before they are employed in our schools: for whatever children learn, they should learn correctly. Good teachers are quite as necessary in the primary school, as in the Academy or College: at least, so thought Philip, king of Macedon, when he sent his son Alexander to Aristotle, the great philosopher, to learn his letters: and Alexander says, he owed more to his teacher, than to his father. 111. Irregulars. Gh, in a few words, has this soun1: tho', strictly speaking, the h 1s silent. The ghast-ly bur-gher stood aghast to see the ghost of the ghyll, eat the ghus-tly gher-kins in the ghos-tly burgh. They are silent in-the neigh-bors taught their daughters to plough with de-light, though they caught a fur-lough; &c. Notes. 1. This vocal sound is made, by pressing the roots of the tongue against the uvula, so as to close the throat, and beginning to my go, without the o; the sound is intercepted lower down than that of first d, and the jaw dropped more; observe also the vocal and aspirate; the sound is finished, however, in this, as in all other instances of making the vocal corsonauts, by the organs rewing their natural position, either for another effort, or for silence. 2. If practice enables persons with half the usual number of fingers to accomplish whatever manual labor they undertake; think, how much may be done is this art, by those who posems their vocal onças complete, provided they pursue the course here indicated,-there is nothing like these vocal gymnastics. 'Tis autumn. Many, and many a fleeting age Hath faded, since the primal morn of Time; And silently the slowly journeying years, All redolent of countless seasons, pass. Only that which is honestly got is true gain. 8. Pride-is as loud a beggar as want; and a great deal more saucy. 9. That is a bad child, that goes like a top, no longer than it is whipped. 10. It is hard for an empty bag to stand up fully. 12. Eradicate your prejudices. Anecdote. A sharp Eye. A witness, during the assizes, at York, in England, after several ineffectual attempts to go on with his story, declared, he could not proceed in his testimony, if Mr. Brougham did not take his eyes off from him." Varieties. 1. Which does society the most injury, the robber, the slanderer, or the murderer? 2. In every period of life, our talents may be improved, and our mind expanded by education. 3. The mind is powerful, reduced to practice. 4. Give not the meats in proportion as it possesses powerful truths, and drinks of a man, to a child; for how should they do it good? 5. A proverb, well applied at the end of a phrase, often makes a very happy conclusion: but beware of using such sentences too often. 6. Extrav agant--and misplaced eulogiums-neither honor the one, who bestows them, nor the person, who receives them. 7. Apparent truth-has its use, but genuine ith a greater use and hence, it is the pof wisdom-to seek it. 'Tis midnight's holy hour-and silence Low The still and pulseless world. Hark! on the wing Is sweeping past,-yet, on the stream, and wood, Young Spring, bright Summer, Autumn's sciems: form, In mournful cadences, that come abroad Like the far wind-harp's wild and touching wail, A melancholy dirge-o'er the dead year Gone, from the Earth, forever. 113. These principles of oratory-are well calculated to accustom the mind to the closest investigation and reasoning; thus, affording a better discipline for the scientific, rational, and affectuous faculties of the mind, than even the study of the mathematics: for the whole man is here addressed, and all his mental powers, and all his acquirements, are called into requisition. This system is a fiery rdeal; and those who pass through it, understandingly, and practically, will come out purified as by fire: it solves difficulties, and eads the mind to correct conclusions, respecting what one is to do, and what one is not to do. | Proverbs. 1. Impudence, and wit, are vastly different. 2. Keep thy shop, and thy shop will keep thee. 3. Listeners-hear no good of themselves. 4. Make hay while the sun shines. 5. An ounce of discretion is worth a pound of wit. 6. Purposing, without performing, is mere fooling. 7. Quiet persons--are welcome every where. 8. Some have been thought brave, because they were afraid to run away. 9. A liar-is a brave 10. towards God, and a coward towards men. Without a friend, the world is a wilderness A young man idle,-an old man-needy. 12. Rcsolution, without action, is a slothful folly. 11. Incalculable good Reading Rooms. might be done to the present and the rising generation, by the establishment, in every town and village in our country, of Public Reading Rooms, to be supported by voluntary subscription: indeed, it would be wise in town authorities to sustain such instituwhen shall we wake up to a consideration tions of knowledge by direct taxation. Oh! of things above the mere love of money-ma 114. The third sound of G is that of Zh; which, tho' common to s and 2, is derived to this letter from the French; or, perhaps we should say, the words in which G has this sound, are French words not Anglicised G in ROUGE.] -or made into English. The pro-te-ge (pro-ta-zha, a person protected, or patronized,) during his bad-e-nage, (bad-e-king. nazh, light or playful discourse,) in the meVarieties. 1. Did Napoleon-do more nag-e-ry, (a place for the collection of wild evil than good-to mankind? 2. A neces animals, or their collection,) on the mi-rage, sary part of good manners-is a punctual (me-razh, an optical illusion, presenting an observation of time; whether on matters of image of water in sandy deserts,) put rouge, civility, business, or pleasure. 3. It is ab(roozh, red paint for the face,) on the char-surd-to expect that your friends will re ge-d'af-fair, (shar-zha-dif-fare, an ambassador, or minister of secondary rank.) member you, after you have thought proper to forget them. 4. How much pain has bor5. Adversity-has 115. This work informs the pupil, as the rowed trouble cost us. master workman does the apprentice: it the effect of eliciting talents, which, in prosteaches the principles, or rules, and the way perous circumstances, would have lain dor to apply them; and when they are thus ap-mant. 6. When the infidel would persuade plied to practice, he has no more use for them: indeed, its rules and directions serve him the same purpose as the guide-post does the traveler; who. after visiting the place, towards which it directs, has no further need of of it. 116. Irregulars. S often has this sound. and Z, generally. The az-ure ad-he-sion to the am-bro-sial en-clo-sures is a ro-se-ate trens-ure of vis-ions of pleas-ures; the seizure of the viz-ier's en-thu-si-asm is an inva-sion of the gla-zier's di-vi-sions of the scis-sors; the ho-sier takes the bra-zier's cro-sier with a-bra-sions and cor-ro-sions by ex-po-sure, and treas-ures it up without elis-ions. Notes. 1. This vocal triphthongal consonant sound may be made, by placing the organs, as if to pronounce sh in shot, and adAng a voice sound, from the larynx; or, by drawing out the sound of the imaginary word zhure, zh-ure. 2. Analyze these sounds thus; give the first sound of e, keep the teeth still compressed, add the aspirate of h, and then prefix the vocality; or reverse the proces 6 is sent in-the ma-lign phlegm of the poignant gnat, impregns the en-sign's di-a-phragm, and gnaws into Char-le-magne's Be raglio. Anecdote. A considerate Minister. A very dull clergyman, whose delivery was monotonous and uninteresting to his hearers, putting many of the old folks asleep said to the boys, who were playing in the gallery; "Don't make so much noise there; you will awake your parents below." For me, my lot-was what I sought; to be, you to abandon the Bible, tell him you will, The spacious firmament-on high, 117. Be very particular in pronouncing | the jaw, or voice-breakers, and cease not, till you can give every sound fully, correctly and distinctly. If your vocal powers are well exercised, by faithful practice on the more difficult combinations, they will acquire a facility of movement, a precision of action, a flexibility, grace, and force truly surprising. 118. H has but one sound, which is an aspirate, or forcible breathing, made in the glottis: HALE: his high-ness holds high his haugh-ty head, and ex-hib-its! his shrunk shanks to the ho-ly horde in the hu-mid hall; the H in HALE.] hard-heart-ed hedge-hog, heed-less of his hav-oc of the house-wife's ham, hies himself home, hap-py to have his head, his hands, and his heart whole; the harm-ful hum-ble-bee hurtles through the hot-house, and ex-horts his ex-haust-ed hive-lings to hold their house-hold-stuff for a hob-by-horse till har-vest-home. to 119. It is said, that no description can adequately represent Lord Chatham: comprehend the force of his eloquence, it was necessary to see and to hear him: his whole delivery was such, as to make the orator a part of his own eloquence: his mind was view'd in his countenance, and so em Proverbs. 1. When the cat is away, the mice will play. 2 One may be a wise man, and yet not know how to make a watch. 3. A wicked companion invites us to hell. 4. All happiness and misery-is in the mind. 5. A good conscience is excellent divinity. 6. Bear and forbeargood philosophy. 7. Drunkenness—is a voluntary madness. 8. Envy shoots at others, and wounda herself. 9. Fools lade out the water, and wise men catch the fish. 10. Good preachers give fruits, rather than flowers. 11. Actions are the raiment of the man. 12. Faith is the eye of love. Anecdote. Frederick the Great, of Prussia, an ardent lover of literature and the fine arts, as well as of his people, used to rise at three or four o'clock in the morning to get more time for his studies; and when one of his intimate friends noticed how hard he worked, he replied,-"It is true, I do work hard,but it is in order to live; for nothing has more resemblance to death, than idleness : of what use is it, to live, if one only vegetates" Wrong Choice. How miserable some people make themselves, by a wrong choice, when they have all the good things of earth before them, out of which to choose! If good judgment be wanting, neither the greatest monarch, nor the repeated smiles of fortune, can render such persons happy; hence, a prince-may become a poor wretch, and the peasant-completely blessed. bodied was it in his every look, and gesture, that his words were rather felt than follow To know ed; they invested his hearers; the weapons of his opponents fell from their hands; he one's self—is the first degree of sound judg. spoke with the air and vehemence of inspi-ment: for, by failing rightly to estimate our ration, and the very atmosphere flamed own capacity, we may undertake-not only what will make us unhappy, but ridiculous. around him. This may be illustrated by an unequal mar120. H is silent at the beginning and riage with a person, whose genius, life and end of many words. The hon-est shep- temper-will blast the peace of one, or both, herd's ca-tarrh, hum-bles the heir-ess in her forever. The understanding, and not the dish-a-billes, and hu-mors the thy-my rhet-will-should be our guide. o-ric of his rhymes to rhap-so-dy; the humor-some Thom-as ex-plained diph-thongs and trip/-thongs to A-bi-jah, Be-ri-ah-Calah, Di-nah. E-li-jah, Ge-rah, Hul-dah, I. sa-iah, Jo-nah, Han-nah, Nin-e-vah, O-badi-ah, Pis-gah, Ru-mah, Sa-rah, Te-rah, Uri-ah, Va-ni-ah, and Ze-lah. Varieties. 1. What can the virtues of our ancestors profit us, unless we imitate them? 2. Why is it, that we are so unwilling to practice a little self-denial for the sake of a future good? 3. The toilet of woman—is too often an altar, erected by self-love-to ranitu. Notes. 1. This sound is the material of which all sounds 4. Half the labor, required to make a first-rate are made, whether vowel or consonant, either by condensation, musician, would make an accomplished reaor modification. To demonstrate this position, commence anyder and speaker. 5. Learn to unlearn what sound in a whisper, and proceed to a vocality; shaping the organs to form the one required, if a vowel or voca, cossosant, and in a you have learned amiss. 6. A conceit of proper way to produce any of the aspirates. 2. Those who are a the abit of omitting the A, when it ought to be pronounced, can actice on the preceding and similar examples; and also correct much sentences as this; Hi took my 'orse hand went hout to 'unt my 'ogs, hand got hoff my 'orse, hand 'iched im to a hook tree, hand gave 'im some hoats. 3. It requires more breath to make this soun!, than any other in our language; as in producing it, even mildly, the lungs are nearly exhausted of air. It may be made by whispering the word huh: the higher up, the more seattering, the lower in the throat, the more condensed, till it becomes vocal. I am well aware, that what is bass, No polish-can make sterling-and that vice, knowledge-is a great enemy to knowledge, Like an unburied carcass,-trick'd with flowers, Ah when delight-was found in life, and joy--in every breath, Is but a garnished nuisance,-fitter far For cleanly riddance,-than for fair attire. I cannot tell how terrible-the mystery of death. But now, the past is tright to me, and all the future-clear! 121. Important Remarks. Every pupil should be required to notice, distinctly, not only all the specific sounds of our language, simple and compound, but also the different and exact positions of the vocal organs, necessary to produce them. The teacher should, unyieldingly, insist upon having these two things faithfully attended to: for success in elocution, and music, absolutely demands it: no one, therefore, should wish to be excused from a full and hearty compliance. Master these elementary principles, and you will have command of all the mediums for communicating your thoughts and feelings. 122. L has only one sound, which is its name sound. LAY; the laird's little fool loudly lauds the -y white lamb the live-long day; Lem-u-el Ly-ell loves the lass-lorn lul-la-by of the land Proverbs. 1. Almost, and very nigh, save many a lie. 2. A man may buy even gold too dear. 3. He, that waits for dead men's shoes, may long go barefoot. 4. It is an ill cause, that none dare speak in. 5. If pride were an art, there would be many teachers. 6. Out of sight, out of mind. 7. The whole ocean is made of single drops. 8. There would be no great ones, if there were no little ones. 9. Things unreasorable-are never durable. 10. Time and tide wait for no man. 11. An author's writings are a miror of his mind. 12. Every one is architect of his own character. we In the Truth. How may a person bo said to be in the truth? This may be understood, rationally, by a comparison: say-such a man is in the mercantile business; by which we mean, that his life-is that of merchandizing, and is regulated by the laws of his peculiar calling. In like manner, we say of a christian, that he is in lord's love-ly la-dy, and, with L in LAY.] the truth, and in the Lord, when he is in the bliss-ful dal-li-ance, gen-teel-ly listens to true order of his creation; which is to love the low-ly lol-lard's live-ly song; the law-the Lord, with all his heart, and his neighbor yer le-gal-ly, and plain-ly tells his luck-less as himself; and to do unto others--as he eli-ent, that he lit-er-al-ly re-pels the il-log-would they should do unto him: such a one i-cal re-ply of the nul-ly-fy-ing leg-is-la-is, emphatically, in the truth, and the truth tor, who, in list-less ban-guor. lies, and re- makes him free; and this is the only freedom zales him-self over the el-der blow tea: (not on earth, or in heaven; and any other state is 1.00-t loot.) abject slavery. 123. Pronounce my, you, your, and that, when emphatic, with the vowels full and open. My harp is as good as yours. He told you, but would not tell me. I said he was my friend, not yours. That man related that story. When these words are not emphatic, the sounds of y and u are shortened, the o silent, and u having its second sound, while the a is entirely suppressed. My pen is as bad as my paper How do you do? Very well; and how do you do? Have you got your book? This is not your book; it is my book. I said that you said, that you told him so. Notes. 1. This vocal lingual dental sound (from the hrvnx, tongue and teeth,) is made by pressing the tongue against the upper gums and the roof of the mouth: pronounce the word lo, by prolonging the sound of 1; 1-0. 2. Do not let the eye mis lead the ear in the comparison of sounds; gay and ghay are anke to the ear, tho' unlike to the eye: so are ph in philosophy aif in folly: the same may be observed of th in thine and thou 3. Never forget the difference between the names of letters, and their respective sounds; weigh their natures, powers and qualities. 4. Notice the dissimilarity between the letters o-n-e, and the word one (wun ;) also e-i-g-h-t, and eigh★ (ate ;) e-n-o-u-g-h, and enuff. Is there not a better way? and is not thir that way? 5. L is silent in halm, salve, could, psalm, would, chalk, should, talk, hal-ser hawser,) fal-con (faw-k'n,) salni-on, folks, malm-sey (2a) almonds, &c. Anecdote. One Tongue. Millon, the author of Paradise Lost and Regained, was one day asked, by a friend of female education, if he did not intend to instruct his daughter in the different languages: “No Sir;” replied Milton," one tongue is sufficient for a coman. Te despots, too long-did your tyranny hold us In a vassalage vile-ere i's weakness we knew; But we learn'd, that the links of the chain, that enthraïd us, Varieties. 1. Why is the L, in the word military, like a man's nose? Because, it is between two i i. 2. No one is wise at all times; because every one is finite, and of course, imperfect. 3. Money-is the servant of those, who know how to use it; but the master of those, who do not. 4. Romewas built, 753 years before the christian era; and the Roman empire-terminated 476 years after it; what was its duration? 5. The tales of other times-are like the calm dew of the morning, when the sun is faint on its side, and the lake is settled and blue in the vale. 6. As is the state of mind, such is the reception, operation, production, and manifestatim-of all that is received. 7. Ends of actions show the quality of life; natural men ever regard natural ends; but spiritual men-spiritual ones. Changing, forever changing!--So depart 128. By the aid of the principles here inculcated, children can be taken, before they have learned the names of the letters, and, in a few months, become better readers than one in fifty of those taught in the usual way; and they may have their voices so developed and trained, by the natural use of the proper organs and muscles, as to be able 124. Read, and speak, in such a just and impressive manner, as will instruct, interest and affect your hearers, and reproduce in them all those ideas and emotions, which you wish to convey. Remember, that theoryis one thing, and practice—another; and that there is a great difference, between knowing how a sentence should be read or spoken, and the ability to read or speak it: theory-to read, speak, and sing, for hours in succesis the result of thought; practice-of actual experience. 125, M has only one sound; MAIM: meek men made mum-mies out of gam-mon, and moon-beams of gum-my am-mo-ni-a, for a premi-um on dum-my som-namSu-lism: mind, man-ners and [M in MAIM.] mag-na-nimi-i-ty, make a migh-ty man, to a-mal-ga-mate em-blems and wam-pum for an om-ni-um gath-er-um: the malt-man circum-am-bu-lates the cim-me-ri-an ham-mock, and tum-bles the mur-mur-ing mid-shipman into a min-i-mum and max-i-mum of a mam-mi-form di-lem-ma. 126. CICERO and DEMOSTHENES, by their words, lives, maxims, and practice, show the high estimation, in which they held the subject of oratory; for they devoted years to the study and practice of its theory and art, under the most celebrated masters of antiquity. Most of the effects of ancient, as well as of modern eloquence, may be attributed to the manner of delivery: we read their words, but their spirit is gone; the body remains, beautiful indeed, but motionless-and dead; TRUE eloquence-revivifies it. Notes. To produce this labio-nasal sound, close the lips sion, without hoarseness, or injurious exhaustion. It is a melancholy reflection, that children learn more bad habits than good ones, in most of our common schools. Proverbs. 1. He, that does you an ill turn, will never forgive you. 2. It is an ill wind that blows nobody any good. 3. The proof of the pudding—is in eating. 4. None so deaf, as they that will not hear. 5. Time-is a file, that wears, and makes no noise. 8. When every one takes care of himself, care is taken of all. 7. Without pains, there can be no gains. 8. One may as well expect to be at ease, without money, as to be happy, without virtue. 9. A man, like a watch, is valued according to his going. 10. The gov ernment of the will is better than an increase of knowledge. 11. Character-is every thing-to both old and young. 12. War brings scars. Anecdote. Long Enough. A man, upon the verge of bankruptcy, having purchased an elegant coat, upon credit, and being told by one of his acquaintances, that the cloth was very beautiful, though the coat was too short; replied,-with a sigh- It will be long enough before I get another. Honor was the virtue of the pagan; but christianity-teaches a more enlarged and nobler code; calling into activity-al! the best feelings of our nature,-illuminat and make a sound through the nose, resembling the plaintive low-ing our path, through this world, with deeds eg of an ox, with its mouth closed; or, a wailing sound through of mercy and charity, mutually done and repour pose. 2. This is called a naval sound, because it is male ceived, and sustaining us, amidst difficul rough the nose; and not because it does not pass through it, as ties and temptations-by the hope of any imagine: which may become evident, by producing the glorious immortality, in which peacesound when the nose is held between the thumb and forefinger. 3. shall be inviolable—and joy-eternal. Avoid detaching letters from preceding words, and attaching them wo ruceceding ones; as-hia ery moved me; for, his crime moved me. 4. M is silent before n, in the same syllable; as, Muason, and mne-mon-ics. 12. That is th' man, th't said that you n him. I say that that, th't that man said, is not that, th't that man told him. That th't I say is this: th't that, th't that gentleman advanced, is not that, th't he should have spoken; for he said, th't that THAT, that that man pointed out, is not that that, th't that laay insisted th't it was; but is another that. THE PATHS OF LIFE. Go forth the world is very wide, Go! with the heart-by grief unbow'd! Hath dimm'd the laughing sky! But, lest your wand'ring footsteps stray, Choose ye the straight, the narrow way. BRONSON. Varieties. 1. Why is a fashionably dressed lady, like a careful housewife? Because her waist (waste), is always as small as she can make it. 2. Literature and Science, to produce their full effect, must be generally diffused, like the healthtui breeze. 3. The elements, so mixed in him. that Nature might stand up, and say to all the world, "This is a man!" 4. All minis are influenced every moment; and there is a providence in every feeling, thought and word. 5. The excesses of our youth, are drafts on our old age, payable with interest, though sometimes, they are payable at sight. 6. I will not only know the way, but walk in it. 7. As it is God's will to fill us with his life, let us exert every faculty we possess, to be filled with it; and that with all sin cerity and diligence. The man, th't's resolute, and just, |