Proverbs. 1. Youth-indulges in hope; old 165. Vowel sounds are all formed in the LARYNX; and, on their emission, the articu-age-in remembrance. 2. One half of the world lating organs modify them into words. These words constitute language, which is used, by common consent, as signs of ideas; or as mediums for the manifestation of thought and feeling: it may be written, or spoken; and the natural results are-books, papers and conversation: by means of which, the conceptions and affections of human minds are made known and perpetuated. 166. Th have two sounds; first a lisping sound; THIN: a thief thirsteth for the path of death, and win-keth at his thank-less thefts, as the a-the-ist doth of the-o-ret-cal truth; forth-with the thrift- [TH in THIN.J less throng, threw thongs over the mouth of Frith of Fourth, and thwar-ted the wrath of the thrilling thun-der; faith, quoth the youth, to the Pro-thon-o-ta-ry, the bath is my berth, the hearth is my cloth, and the heath is my throne. delights in uttering slander, and the other-in hearing it. 3. Virtue-is the only true nobility. 4. To bless, is to be bless'd. 5. Pleasures-are rendered bitter, by being abused. 6. Quarreiswould not last long, if the faults all lay on one side. 7. True merit-is dependent, neither on season, nor on fashion. 8. Hypocrisy - is the homage, which vice-renders to virtue. 9. The law-imposes on no one impossibilities. 10. Contempt of injuries, is proof of a great mind. 11. What! hope for honey from a nest of wasps? 12. Shall we creep like snails, or fly like eagles? Human ambition and human policy-labor after happiness in vain;-goodness-is the The wisdom 167. Ventriloquism. In analyzing the only foundation to build on. of past ages-declares this truth;-our own sounds of our letters, and practicing them observation confirms it; and all the world upon different pitches, and with different acknowledge it; yet how few, how very qualities of voice, the author ascertained that few--are willing to act upon it! If the inthis amusing art can be acquired and prac-ordinate love of wealth-and parade-be not ticed, by almost any one of common organization. It has been generally supposed that ventriloquists possessed a different set of organs from most people; or, at least, that they were differently constituted; but this is altogether a misapprehension: as well might we say that the singer is differently constituted from one who does not sing. They have the same organs, but one has better command of them than the other. It is not asserted that all can become equally eminent in these arts; for there will be at least, three grand divisions; viz, good, BETTER and BEST. 168. The Thistle Sifter. Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three thousand thistles thro' the thick of his thumb: if then Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three thousand thisties thro' the thick of his thumb; see that thon, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, dost not thrust three thousand thistles through the thick of thy thumb: success to the successful thistle sifter, who doth not get the thistles in his tongue. Notes. 1. To make this lisping diphthongal sound, press the tongue against the upper front teeth, and let the breath pass between them: or pronounce the word path, and dwell on the th ound; see engraving. 2. To avoid lisping, draw the tongue back so as not to touch the teeth, and take words beginning with 3, or st; see the first sound of C for examples. 3. Why should this sound be called sharp, rather than dull? 4. Exactness in articulating every vocal letter, is more important thar correct spelling in composi tion; for the former is addressed to hundreds at the same instant, while the latter is submitted to one or a few at a time. checked among us, it will be the ruin of our country as it has been, and will be, the ruin of thousands of others. But there are always two sides to a question. If it is per nicious -to make money and style-the standard of respectability,it is injurious— and wrong-to foster prejudice against the wealthy and fashionable. Poverty and wealth-have different temptations; but they are equally strong. The rich-are tempted to pride-and insolence; the poor-to jealousy and envy. The envious and discontented poor, invariably become haughtyand over-bearing, when they become rich, for selfishness-is equally at the bottom-of these opposite evils. Varieties. 1. The battle of New Or. leans, was fought Jan. 8th, 1815. 2. A flatterer, is the shadow of a fool. 3. You cannot truly love, and ought not to be loved, if you ask any thing, that virtue condemne. 5. Do men exert a greater influence on so. ciety than women? 5. Self-exaltation, is the worst posture of the spirit. 6. A principle of unity, without a subject of unity, cannot exist. 7. Where is the wisdom, in saying to a child, be a man? Attempt not what God cannot countenance; but wait, and all things will be brought forth in their duc season. Deceit thy reign is short: Hypoering, 169. Enunciation-is the utterance and Proverbs. 1. A promise performed, is precombination of the elements of language, and ferable to one made. 2. It will not always be the consequent formation of syllables, words, summer. 3. Make hay, while the sun shines. &c, as contradistinguished from the tones, 4. Cut your coat according to the cloth. 5. Pride and tuning of the voice, and all that belongs costs us more than hunger, thirst, or cold. 6, to the melody of speech. A perfect enuncia- Never spend your money before you have it. 7. tion-consists in the accurate formation of Never trouble another, for what you can do yourthe sounds of the letters, by right motions self. 8. Slanderers--are the Devil's bellows, to and positions of the organs, accompanied by is a lecture to the wise. a proper degree of energy, to impress those elements fully and distinctly on the ear; and the act of combining and linking those together, so as to form them into words, capable of being again combined into clauses and sentences, for the full conveyance of our ideas and determinations. blow up contention. 9. The loquacity of fools10. Vows made in our characters for both worlds. 12. Progressstorms, are forgotten in calms. 11. We must form is the great law of our being. A Puzzle. Here's a health to all those that we love; and a health to all those that love us; and a health to all them, that love those, that love them, that love them that love those that love us. Anecdote. Half Mourning. A little girl, hearing her mother observe to another lady, that she was going into half mourning; inquired, whether any of her relations were half dead? 170. The second sound of th, is the vocal lisping: THAT; thou saidst the truths are thine, and the youths say they are theirs who walk therein; fath-er and moth-er bathe dai-ly, and their What is Ours. It is not those, who clothes and hearths are wor-thy (TH in THAT.] of them; broth-er says, where-with-al shall I ly rich; but they, who possess, and use them have riches in their possession, that are realsmoothe the scythe, to cut the laths to stop aright, and thereby enjoy them. Is he a the mouths of the moths with-out be-ing both-true christian, who has a Bible in his posses ered? they gath-er wreaths be-neath the baths, sion, but does not live by the Bible? Is and sheathe their swords with swath-ing he a genuine christian, who reads, but does bands, rather than make a blith-some pother. 171. Jau-breakers. Thou wreath'd'st and muzzl'd'st the far-fetch'd ox, and imprison'd'st him in the volcanic Mexican mountain of Pop-o-cat-a-pell in Co-ti-par-i. Thou prob'd'st my rack'd ribs. Thou tri'd'st with his acts, that thou black'n'st and contaminated'st with his filch'd character. Thou lov'd'st the elves when thou heard'st and quick'n'd'st my heart's tuneful harps. Thou wagg'd'st thy prop'd up head, because thou thrust''st three hundred and thirty three thistles thro' the thick of that thumb, that thou cur'd'st of the barb'd shafts. Notes. 1. To make this diphthongal vocal sound, place the organs as in the preceding th, and then add the voice sound, which can be made only in the larynx. 2 The terms sharp and flet, as applied to sound, are not sufficiently definite: we might as well speak of square, round and dull sounds; at the same time it is efen convenient to use such terms, in order to convey our ideas. 3. If you have imperfections of articulation, set apart au hour every day for practice, in direct reference to your specific defects; and of every other fault; particularly, of rapid utterance: this can be done either alone, or in company of those who can assist you. Sky, mountains, rivers, winds, lakes, lightnings '-Ye, Of your departing voices-is the knell Of what in me is sleepless-if I rest. Could I imbody and unbosom now That which is most within me-could I wreak With a most voiceless thought, sheathing it as a swoord. not understand the word, and, from under- Varieties. 1. Burgoyne-surrendered, Oct. 17, 1777, and Cornwallis, Oct. 19, 81. 2. Happy is that people whose rulers-rule in the fear of God. 3. Remember the past, consider the present, and provide for the fu ture. 7. 4. He, who marries for wealth, sells his happiness for half price. 5. The covetous person is always poor. 6. If you would avoid wants, attend to every thing below you, around you, within you, and above you. All the works of natural creation, are ex hibited to us, that we may know the nature of the spiritual, and eternal; all things speak, and are a language. He was not born-to shame; Upon his browo-shame-is ashamed to sit; 5. 172. The chief source of indistinctness is Proverbs. 1. Self-eraltation-is the fool's precipilancy; which arises from the bad paradise. 2. That, which is bitter to endure, may method of teaching to read: the child not be-be sweet to remember. 3. The fool-is busy in ing taught the true beauty and propriety of every one's business but his own. 4. We may reading, thinks all excellence consists in give advice, but we cannot give conduct. quickness and rapidity: to him the prize Where reason― rules, appetite - obeys. 6. You seems destined to the swift; for he sets out will never repent of being patient and sober. 7. at a gallop, and continues his speed to the Zeal, without knowledge, is like fire without light. end, regardless of how many letters, or sylla- Might-does not make right. 10. The greater bles, he omits by the way, or how many the man, the greater the crime. 11. No one lives words he runs together. "O reform it alto- for himself. 12. No one can tell how much be gether." can accomplish, till he tries. 173. Wh have one sound; WHALE; wherefore are whet-stones made of whirl-winds, and whip-lashes of whirl-pools? Why does that whimsical whis-tler whee-dle the \ whip-por-wills with wheat? 8. Law-makers, should not be law-breakers. 9. Anecdote. Wine. Said & Rev. guest to a gentleman, with whom he was dining, and who was a temperance, man: .. I always think a certain quantity of wine does no harm, after a good dinner." O no sir," "it is the uncertain replied mine host; " quantity that does the mischief. Winter Evenings. This seems provided, as if expressiy for the purpose of furnishing those who labor, with ample op Whi-lom the wheels whipped (WHin WHIP.] the whif-fle-tree, and whir-tle-ber-ries were white-washed for wheat; the whim-per-ing whi-ning whelp, which the whigs whi-tened on the wharf was whelmed into a whirl-portunity for the improvement of their minds. i-gig as a whim-wham for a wheel-barrow of whis-ky. The severity of the weather, and the shortness of the day. necessarily limit the proportion of time, which is devoted to out-door 174. Causes of Hoarseness. Hoarseness, industry; and there is little to tempt us in speaking, is produced by the emission of abroad-in search of amusement. Every more breath than is converted into sound; thing seems to invite us to employ an which may be perceived by whispering a few hour or two-of this calm and quiet season, minutes. The reason, why the breath is not in the acquisition of useful knowledge, and converted into sound, in thus speaking, is, the cultivation of the mind. The noise of that the thorax, (or lungs,) is principally life is hushed; the pavement ceases to reused; and when this is the case, there is al-sound with the din of laden wheels, and the ways an expansion of the chest, and consequently, a lack of power to produce sounds in a natural manner: therefore, some of the breath, on its emission through the glottis, over the epigloffis, and through the back part of the mouth, chafes up their surfaces, producing a swelling of the muscles in those parts, and terminating in what is called hoarseness. Notes. 1. This diphthongal aspirate may be easily made, by whispering the imaginary word whu, (u short,) prolonging it a little 2. Since a diphthong is a double sound and a triphthong a triple sound, there is as much propriety in applying the term to consonants, as to vowels. 3. Let the pupil, in revising, point out all the Monothongs, Diphthongs, Triphthongs, and Polythongs 4. Make and keep a list of all your deficiencies in speech and song, and practice daily for suppressing them: especially, in articulation, and false intonations; and never rest satisfiel unless you can perceive a progress towards perfection at every exercise. -for all principles are immortal, and should be continually developing Theraselves. How sleep the brave, who sink to rest tread of busy men; the glowing sun has gone down, and the moon and the stars are left to watch in the heavens, over the slumbers of the peaceful creation. The mind of man-should keep its vigils with them; and while his body-is reposing from the labors of the day, and his feelings are at rest from its excitements, he should seek, in some amusing and instructive page, substantial food-for the generous appetite for know. ledge. Varieties. 1. The poor-may be content; and the contented are rich. 2. Hypocrisy-desires to scem good, rather than to be good. 3. It is better to be beaten with few stripes, than with many stripes. 4. He who swears, in order to be believed, does not know how to counterfeit a man of truth. 5. Who was the greater monster. Nero, or Ca taline? 6. Let nothing foul, or indecent, either to the eye, or ear, enter within the doors where children dwell. 7. We worship God best, and most acceptably, when we resemble him most in our minds, lives. and actions. Home! how that blessed word-thrills the car' It tells of childhood's scenes so dear, And speaks-of many a cherished friend. O! through the world, where'er we roam, Though souls be pure-and lips be kind; The heart, with fondness, turns to home, Stall turns to those-it left behind. 175. The pupil, in Elocution and Music, is strongly urged to attend to the right and the wrong method of producing the sounds of our letters, as well as in enunciating words. By all means, make the effort entirely below the diaphragm, while the chest is comparatively quiescent; and, as you value health and life, and good natural speaking avoid the cruel practice of exploding the sounds, by whomsoever taught or recommended. The author's long experience, and practice, with his sense of duty, justify this protest against that unnatural manner of coughing out the sounds, as it is called. Nine-tenths of his hundreds of pupils, whom he has cured of the Bronchitis, have induced the disease by this exploding process, which ought itself to be exploded. 176. The 44 sounds of our Language, in their alphabetical order. A 4; Ale, are, all, at: B1; bribe: C 4; cent, clock, suffice, ocean: D 2; did, fac'd: E 2; eel, ell: F2; fife, of: G 3; gem, go, rouge: H 1; hope: I 2; isle, ill: J1; judge: K1; kirk: L 1; lily: M 1; mum: N 2; nun, bank: 0 3; old, ooze, on: P1; pipe: Q1; queen: R 2; arm, rough: 84; so, is, sure, treasury: T2; pil, nation: U 3; mute, up, full: V1; vivvl: W 2; wall, bow: X 3; flax, exist, beaux Y 3, youth, rhyme, hymn: Z 2; zigzag, azure : Ch 3; church, chaise, chasm: Gh 3; laugh, ghost, lough: Ph2; sphere, nephew: Th 2; thin, that: Wh 1; whale: Oi 1; oil: Ou 1; sound: the duplicates, or those having the same sound, are printed in italics. 177. "Bowels of compassion, and loins of the mint." In the light of the principles here unfolded, these words are full of mean Proverbs. 1. Truth-may be blamed, but never shamed. drunkenness-rereals. 3. Be you ever so high, the law is above you. 4 A mob--has many heads. but no brains. 5. A poor man's debt makes a 6. Busy-bodies are always medgreat noise. ding. 7. Crows are never the whiter, for thing, and are worth much. 9. He, who pays washing themselves. 8. Good words-cost no 2. What soberness- conceals. well, is master of every-body's purse. 10. Our knowledge-is as the rivulet; our ignorance-as the sea. 11. Consider well, before you promise. 12. Dare to do right. Anecdote. Candor. A clergyman-once preached, during the whole of Lent, in a parish, where he was never invited to dine, and, in his farewell sermon, he said to his hearers, I have preached against every Vice, excep nd living; which. I believe, forc, needed not my reproach.' is not to be found among you; and, there must and will-find a livelihood; nor has Society owes All a Living. Every one society the choice, whether or not to provide for its members: for if an individual is not put in a way to earn a living, he will seek it by unlawful means: if he is not educated to lead a sober and industrious life, he will lead a life of dissipation; and if society refuse to take care of him, in his minority, he will force it to notice him-as an object of Thus, society cannot avoid giving a livelihood to all, whom providence self-defence. has placed in its bosom; nor help devoting time and expense to them; for they are by birth, or circumstances, dependent on its assistance. While, then, it has the power→ to make every one-available--as an honest, industrious and useful citizen, would it not be the best policy, (to say nothing of prin ciples,) to do so; and attach all to society, ing. All the strong affections of the hunian by ties of gratitude, rather than put them in a condition to become enemies; a condition mind, are manifested thro' the dorsal and ab-in which it will be necessary to punish them' dominal region. Let any one look at a boy, when he bids defiance to another boy, and challenges him to combat: "Come on, I am ready for you :" and at the soldier, with his loins girded for battle: also, observe the effect of strong emotions on yourself, on your body, and where; and you will be able to see the propriety of these words, and the world of meaning they contain. If we were pure minded, we should find the proper study of physiology to be the direct natural road to the mind, and to the presence of the DEITY. Notes. 1. Make these 44 sounds, which constitute eur vocal alphabet, as familiar to the ear, as the shapes of our 26 letters are to the eye; and remember, that success depends on your mastery of them; they are the 4, c, of spoken language; and the effort to make them has a most beneficial effect on the bealth and voice, 2 Keep up the proper use of the while body, and you heel not fear si kress, 3 The only solid foundation for elution is, a perfect knowledge of the number and nature of these 44 simple elements: error here will carry a taint throughout, Virtue Stands like the sun, and all, which rolls around, -for an alienation, which is the natural consequence of destitution. Schools, found. ed on true christian principles, would, in the end, be much cheaper, and better than to support our criminal code, by the prosecu tions, incident to that state, in which many come up, instead of being brought up; and the consequent expenses attending our houses of correction, penitentiaries, &e, (of which many seem to be proud.) on the score of public justice, but of which, on the score of christian love, we have reason to be deeply ashamed. Varieties. 1. Will not our souls-continue in being forever? 2. He-is not so good as he should be, who does not strive to be better than he is. 3. Genius-is a plant, whose growth you cannot stop, without destroying it. 4. In doing nothing we learn to do ill. 5. Neither wealth, nor power, can confer happiness. 6. In heaven. (we have reason to believe.) no one considers anything as good. unless others partake of it. 7. No. thing is ours, until we give it away. Ill doers are ill thinkers. 178. Orthography or Right Spelling. As Proverbs. 1. As we act towards others, we we have two kinds of language, written and may expect others to act towards us. 2. A good spoken, so, there are two modes of spelling; orator is pointed, and vehement. 3. Idleness-is one addressed to the eye, and exhibited by the rust of the mind, and the blight of genius. 4. raming the letters; the other addressed to Assist yourself, and heaven will assist you. 5. the ear, and spelled by giving the sounds, We should estimate man's character, by his goodwhich the letters represent: the former meth-ness; not by his wealth. 6. Knowledge-is as esod, which is the common one, tends to the sential to the mind, as food is to the body. 7. A 8. No dominant use of the throat, and lungs, and is good word is as soon said, as an ill one. temptation of emolument, can induce an honest one of the fruitful sources of consumption; the latter, which is the new one, serves to safest helmet we can wear. man to do wrong. 9. Virtue-is the best, and 10. Against the keep up the natural use of the appropriate fickleness of fortune, oppose a bold heart. 11. muscles, and tends to prevent, as well as cure, Never profess-what you do not practice. 12. dyspepsia, liver and lung complaints, and Treat every one with kindness. diseases of the throat. pre Anecdote. Keeping Time-from Eter179. Classification of the Consonants. nity. Chief Justice Parsons, of Massachu The first natural division of the consonants setts, having been shown a watch, that was is into Vocal and Aspirate. Of the Vocal | looked on as well worthy of notice, as it had there are, as they stand in the alphabet, and saved a man's life, in a duel, remarked.their combinations, twenty-six; but deduct-It is, indeed, a very astonishing watch, ing the duplicates, there are but seventeen; that has kept time-from eternity." viz: b, as in bib; c, as in suffice; d, as in dead; f, as in of; g, as in gem, go, rouge; , as in ill; m, as in me; n, as in none, bank; r, as in err, pride; w, as in wo; x, as in erist; y, as in yet; and th as in this; all of which should be given separately, as well as combined, and their differences observed. The Difference. Why is it, that many professors of religion are so reluctant, to have the reading of the Bible, as well as speaking and singing, conducted in a correct and proper manner? Should not the greatest and most glorious truths-be delivered in an appropriate style? Do they think to exalt religious truth, in the eyes of 180. After the pupil has become familiar the well-informed, by communicating it in with reading by vowel sounds and spelling, a way that is not only repulsive to correct as above recommended, let him be exercised taste, but slovenly, and absolutely wrong? in reading by the rowel and consonant Is it calculated to recommend devotional exsounds: i. e. by giving a perfect analysis ercises to their consideration, by offering up of all the sounds, found in any of the words Prayer in a language and manner, unbecom ing man when addressing man; and perof the sentence before him; which involves forming the singing, regardless of proper every thing relating to sounds, whether sin-time and tune? Will they present their of gle, double, or triple; and to articulation, ferings in a maimed, halt and blind manner, accent, pronunciation, and emphasis. No one should wish to be excused from these very useful and important exercises; for they are direretly calculated to improve the voice, the ear, and the manner, while they impart that kind of knowledge of this subject, which will be felt to be power, and give one confidence in his own abilities. Notes. 1. It is not a little amusing and instructive too, to exquine the great variety of names, use! by different authors, to daiznate the sounds of our letters, their classifications, &c. against which the charge of simplicity cannot be brought: in every thing, bet us guard against learned and unlearned ignorance. 2. There are those, who ought, from their position before the world, to be tan lard authorities in the pronunciation of letters and words, and general delivery; but, unfortunately, on account of their sad do feets and inaccuracies, in all those particulars, they constitute a court of Ervors, instead of Appeal: consequently, we must throw our selves upon the first principles and our own resources; using, how. ever, such true lights as a kind Providence has vouchsafed us for our guitance. To him, who, in the love of nature, holds upon the altar of religion; while they have it in their power, to provide a way in accordance with the subject and object of their devotion? Is it well-to despise a good style and manner-of elocution and music, indolent to labor for it. to do justice to ourbecause we have not the ability, and are too selves and others? What course does true 2. Varieties. 1. Men-will never feel like Till youth's delirious dream is o'er, In age, when error charms no more, |