Though he has many faults, I esteem him. James is taller than his brother (is tall). ABRIDGED, CONTRACTED, AND ELLIPTICAL 1. Instead of a complete sentence, we frequently have phrases, with the noun in the nominative absolute, which may be regarded as abridged sentences. Thus: 1. When the storm had ceased, we left our shelter. (Abridged) The storm having ceased, we left our shelter. 2. When Spring returns, birds will sing. (Abridged) Spring returning, birds will sing. 3. When his education was completed, he returned home. (Abridged) His education being completed, he returned home. These phrases, each of which contains a simple or compound participle, and a noun in the nominative absolute, are generally termed absolute clauses. 2. When one single verb has two or more subjects, or two or more objects, or when two verbs have only one subject expressed, such sentences are said to be contracted. Fx. 1. Herds and flocks drop the dry sprig (Two nominatives). 2. Animals eat, live, and die (Three verbs). Ex. 3. Neither John nor James attends (Two nominatives). 4. Brought death into the world, and all our woe (Two objectives). 5. James has a shilling, and Mary [has] fourpence. (The second sentence is contracted in the predicate.) 6. The steer and lion at one crib shall meet, And harmless serpents lick the pilgrims' feet. (The predicate is contracted; lick= shall lick.) 3. A subordinate sentence is frequently abridged by ellipsis. Ex. 1. He is as tall as his brother (is tall). 2. He is wiser than most men (are wise). 3. Though sorely tried (though he was sorely tried), he did not despair. 4. The lid, when pressed (when it is pressed), 5. The tree (which is) there is very old. 7. He knows his lesson better than you (know 8. This is the book I lost; I suppose you This is the book which I lost; that you found it. found it I suppose ANALYSIS OF COMPOUND SENTENCES. Example 1. Come, gentle Spring, ethereal mildness, come; Sentences a. Come, gentle Spring, d. While music wakes around. Kind of Sentence Princ. Sentence Princ. Sentence Princ. Sent. Co-ord. to a and b. Adv. Sent. to descend 2. Analysis showing Subject, Predicate, Completion or Object, N.B.--1. The words to be supplied are in italics. 2. The connectives and and while are placed in brackets. = Example 2. As yet the trembling year is unconfirmed, a. As yet the trembling year | is unconfirmed | b. (and) Winter | oft at eve | resumes | the breeze | d. (and) bids | his driving sleets | deform the day delightless. Remarks. 1. The Subject is denoted by 1, the Predicate by 2, the Object or Completion by 3, and the Extension by 4. 2. The connectives are placed in brackets. 3. The subject of chills in c is Winter, understood. 4. The subject of bids in d is Winter, understood. 5. Deform the day delightless; these words form the secondary or indirect object of bids. |