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thermometer remains the best instrument for high temperatures. Researches on dielectric solids: V. Crémieu and L. Malcles. In the course of his researches on electric convection, Crémieu observed some anomalies of electrical influence through solid dielectrics. The authors have commenced a systematic study of these phenomena, and give an account in the present paper of the apparatus used, reserving the results for a future communication.-On the conductivity of gases from a flame: Paul Langevin and Eugène Bloch. The coefficient of re-combination of the ions from a flame has been measured, and found to be equal to about 0.7. This value is less than one, as the theory requires, and is much greater than in the case of the Röntgen rays.-On the absorption of hydrogen by rhodium : L. Quennessen. Contrary to the statement given in the text-books, the absorptive power of rhodium for hydrogen is nil. Rhodium is not analogous with palladium in this respect. The action of boric acid on the alkaline peroxides and the formation of perborates: George F. Jaubert. By the action of boric acid upon sodium peroxide a perborate of sodium is formed, the analysis of which leads to the composition Na,B,O,10H2O. On re-crystallising this a substance possessing more oxygen, NaBO,,4H2O, is formed, and this is very stable at the ordinary temperature, although decomposed rapidly at 100° C. The latter substance, treated with 50 per cent. sulphuric acid, gives after filtration through guncotton a solution of hydrogen peroxide of a strength of 150 to 200 volumes.-On thioformic acid: V. Auger. The author has shown in a previous paper that the substance regarded by Wöhler and Limpricht as thioformic acid is in reality trithioformaldehyde. The method which was found to give the best yield of sodium thioformate was the interaction of sodium hydrogen sulphide with phenyl formate. The latter substance was incidentally obtained in the pure state for the first time, and details of its preparation are given.-The synthesis of BB-dimethyladipic acid: G. Blanc.-On a new sugar from the berries of the mountain ash: Gabriel Bertrand. The sugar is isomeric with, but distinct from, sorbite and mannite, and is provisionally named sorbierite. Its physical properties are given, and its composition as a hexahydric alcohol determined by the production of a hexacetate.-The development of the organic material in seeds during their ripening: G. André. On the detection of cotton seed oil in olive oil E. Milliau. The test proposed is a modification of the reduction test with silver nitrate.-Anhydrobiosis and tropisms: Georges Bohn.-On the growth of man and of living beings in general: Charles Henry and Louis Bastien. The evolution of the weight and organic material of the leaf during necrobiosis in white light: L. Beulaygue.-On heterogeneity in the Stichodactyline group: Armand Krempf.-The comparative influence of some organic compounds of phosphorus on the nutrition and development of animals: A. Desgrez and A. Zaki.-On the inoculation of cancer: M. Mayet.-On the bleaching of flour by electricity: M. Balland. The treatment of flour by electrified air has a bleaching action, and produces chemical changes corresponding to the effect of age.

DIARY OF SOCIETIES.

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 24.

ROVAL SOCIETY, at 4.30.-On the Refractive Indices of the Elements: C. Cuthbertson.-The Flow of Water through Pipes. Experiments on Stream-line Motion and the Measurement of Critical Velocity: Drs. H. T. Barnes and E. G. Coker.-On Galvanic Cells produced by the Action of Light. Preliminary Communication: Dr. M. Wilderman.-Some Physical Characters of the Sodium Borates, with a New and Rapid Method for the Determination of Melting Points: C. H. Burgess and A. Holt, jun. -On the Convergence of Infinite Series of Analytic Functions: H. A. Webb.

INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS, at 8.-Hydrodynamical and Electromagnetic Investigations regarding the Magnetic-Flux Distribution in Toothed-Core Armatures: Prof. H. S. Hele-Shaw, F. R.S., Dr Alfred Hay, and P. H. Powell.

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SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 26.

ESSEX FIELD CLUB (at Essex Museum, Stratford), at 6.30.-Delegate's Report British Association: F. W. Rudler.-Notes on Supposed Lake Settlement at Skitt's Hill, Braintree: F. W. Reader.-Coast Erosion i East Anglia: John Spiller.

MONDAY, NOVEMBER 28.

SOCIETY OF ARTS, at 8.-Musical Wind Instruments: David J. Blakley
(Cantor Lecture I.)
INSTITUTE OF ACTUARIES, at 5.-Inaugural Address by the President,
Mr. Henry Cock burn.

TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 29.

ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY, at 8. 30.-Some Observations on the Field Natural History of the Lion: Capt. Richard Crawshay.-On some Nudibranchs from East Africa and Zanzibar. Part VI.: Sir Charles Eliot, K.C.M.GThe Altai Lynx R. Lydekker, F. R.S.-On Old Pictures of Giraffes and Zebras: R Lydekker, F.R S.-On the Morphology and Classifica tion of the Asellota Group of Crustaceans, with Descriptions of the Genus Stenetrium and its Species: Dr. H. J. Hansen.-On the Lacerta depressa of Camerano: G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S. INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, at 8.-Discussion: Distribution of Electrical Energy: J. F. C. Snell.

WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 30.

SOCIETY OF ARTS, at 8.-The British Canals Problem: Arthur Lee.

THURSDAY, DECEMBER 1.

Water in

ROYAL SOCIETY, at 4.30.-Probable Papers:-The Ascent o Trees Dr. A. J. Ewart.-On the Presence of Tyrosinases in the Skins of some Pigmented Vertebrates. Preliminary Note: Miss F. M. Durham -On Chemical Combination and Toxic Action as Exemplified in Hamo lytic Seri: Prof. R. Muir and C. H. Browning.-Histological Studies ca Čerebral Localisation. Part II.: Dr. A. W. Campbell. CHEMICAL SOCIETY, at 8.- The Nitrites of the Alkali Metals and Metals of the Alkaline Earths, and their Decomposition by Heat: P. C. Rây. RÖNTGEN SOCIETY, at 8.15. LINNEAN SOCIETY, at 8.-Proteid Digestion in Animals and Plants: Prof. Sidney H. Vines, F.R.S.

FRIDAY, DECEMBER 2. AERONAUTICAL SOCIETY, at 8.-The Aeronautical Exhibits at the St. Louis Exhibition: the President, Major B. Baden-Powell.-Kites, Kite-flying and Aëroplanes: W. H. Dines -The Work of the Inter national Aeronautical Commission: Dr. M. H. Hergesell.-Captive Balloon Photography: Griffith Brewer.

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Dr. Koenig's Method of Colour Photography.
The New Whale Fisheries. (Illustrated.) By D. W. T. 84
Notes

Our Astronomical Column:

Encke's Comet (1904 h)
Observations of Perseids
Heights of Meteors.

The Photographic Spectrum of Jupiter

Science and the State. By Sir William Abney,
K.C.B., F.R.S.

The Ben Bulben District.

(Illustrated.).

Coast Erosion and Protection

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85

89

02

The November Meteors of 1904. By W. F. Denning 93
University and Educational Intelligence
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