GAMBRELL BROS . MANUFACTURERS ON SALE. Astronomical Telescope, with 4 in. clear aperture, altazimuth stand, 1 day and 4 astronomical eyepieces, price only £17; others cheaper.-Microscopes, second-hand by Zeiss, with substage and Abbé condenser, 2 eyepieces, 2 objectives and triple nosepiece, for £9. Another by PilliSCHER, with mechanical stage, substage-condenser and Iris-daphragm, 3 eyepieces, 3 objectives, viz. : 1", ", & 1" oil immersion, price only £6 10s. Another by Powell & LEALAND, with mechanical stage, substage-condenser, and seven objectives all “Pand L," offered for £10. Binocular Microscope by Swift, cost £40, offered at £10. Another by SrEWARD, with mechanical stage, 2 objectives, double nosepiece, &c., £6. Assay Balance by OERTLING, 6 in. beam, double columns, sensitive to to milligram, double rider, ccst £25, offered at £6. Others in Stock. 20 ft. Hydrogen Cylinder (charged), price £1. Scientific Lantern Slides on every subject at 5d, each. Microscope Slides on approval at 4d, each. Rev. H. MILLS, Greenside, Kendal. ELECTRICAL TESTING INSTRUMENTS. DURHAM House, North SIDE, CLAPHAM COMMON, LONDON, S.W. SCIENTIFIC WORTHIES. With 30 Original Ilustrations. Price 25. 6d. BY THE SAMR AUTHOR. Well Illustrated. Price 75. 6d. SECOND-HAND £150 6 in. COOKE, do. £220 6 prism SPECTROSCOPE by BROWNING £20 MICROSCOPES POWELL & LEALAND, No. 3, much apparatus, £28 10s. £14, £10 1 1905 ISSUE NOW READY. MACMILLAN & CO.'S NEW BOOKS, . THE STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1905. Edited by J. SCOTT KELTIE, LL.D., Secretary to the Royal Geographical Society. A MANUAL OF QUATERNIONS. By CHARLES JASPER JOLY, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S., Sec. R.I.A. ; Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin; Andrews' Professor of Astronomy in the University of Dublin, and Royal Astronomer of Ireland. 8vo. 10s. net. ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY OF LIGHT. By CHARLES EMERSON CURRY, Ph.D. Part I. 8vo. 128. net. THE HISTORICAL RELATIONS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY TO THE END OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. An Address delivered at the St. Louis Congress in 1904. By T. CLIFFORD ALLBUTT, M.A., M.D., &c. Crown 8vo, 25. 6d. net. MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED, LONDON. 9 RECENT & COMING ECLIPSES. BY Sir NORMAN LOCKYER, K.C.B., F.R.S. Second Edition, containing an account of the Observations made at Viziadrug, in India, in 1898, and of the conditions of the Eclipses visible in 1900, 1901 and 1905. 8vo. 6s. net. WATKINS & DONCASTER, Naturalists and Manufacturers of BRANCHES OF NATURAL HISTORY. Classes, &c. Workmen true to Nature. (Five Doors from Charing Cross.) Our Catalogue (96 pp.) Post free on application. ESTABLISHED 1851, monthly balances when not drawn below 6100. Southampton Buildings, High Holborn, W.C. ALBERT EDWARD JAMRACH MICROLOGICAL LABORATORY AND SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCE. (Late CHARLES JAMRACH). GRATIS AND POST FREE. Scientifically arranged Catalogue of Megascopic and Microscopic NATURALIST, Specimens is now being prepared. Gentlemen are invited to send in their applications without delay, as only 5000 copies will be issued. 180 ST. GEORGE STREET EAST. Sample Slide of expertly prepared ROCK SECTIUN, 11-, post free. Implements of Savage Warfare, Idols, Sacred Masks, Peruvian Pottery, Metals, Minerals and Rocks expertly mounted for Microscope, Netsukis China, Lacquers, Gongs, Shells, and other Curios. 1/- each, from material supplied. LESSONS IN PRACTICAL LITHOLOGY BY CORRESPONDENCE. A vacancy for one Geological Student, desirous of passing with high disROCKS, MINERALS, FOSSILS. tinction in University or Civil Service. Small preinium. Pocket-money allowed. Apply :-- THE DIRECTOR, MICROLOGICAL LABORATORY, For Collectors, Students, Technical Schools, Colleges, &c. IL ASPENLEA ROAD, HAMMERSMITH, LONDON, W. COLLECTIONS IN POLISHED DEAL BOXES. 25 Specimens, 5/6 ; 50 do., 10/6 ; 100 do., 21/-; 200 do., 421 * Coal Measure Rocks and Fossils, 12/6; do., larger, 15/-. MINERALS, ROCKS, FOSSILS. Adapted for the Board of Education Examinations in Geology, Physiography, and Mineralogy. A large stock of BRITISH AND FOREIGN MINERALS always on view A large stock of Minerals, Rocks, Fossils and Microscopic Objects for CORNISH MINERALS selection. Specimens sent on approval. A SPECIALITY. Boxes, Models of Crystals, &c., &c. RICHARDS' SHOW ROOMS, 3 Beauchamp Place, Brompton Road, South Kensington, London, S.W. MICROSCOPICAL PETROGRAPHY. LIVING SPECIMENS FOR Gentlemen interested in the above study are invited to send to THE MICROSCOPE. JAMES R. GREGORY & CO., Kelso Place, Kensington Court, London, W., Volvox, Spirogyra, Desmids, Diatoms, Amoeba, Arcella, Actinosphærium, for a Prospectus of Vorticella, Stentor, Hydra, Floscularia, Stephanoceros, Melicerta, and many other specimens of Pond' Life. Price is. per Tube, Post Free. Helia THE TWENTIETH CENTURY ATLAS OF pomatia, Astacus, Amphioxus, Rana, Anodon, &c., for Dissection purposes. MICROSCOPICAL PETROGRAPHY, THOMAS BOLTON, now being issued in Twelve Monthly Parts, each Part containing Four Fine Hall-Tone Plates, and also Four actual Rock Sections, 25 BALSALL HEATH ROAD, BIRMINGHAM. Subscription in advance, either Monthly, 7/-; Quarterly, 21/r for the whole Series of 12 Monthly Parts & 48 Sections, £4 4s. MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. TYPE-WRITING UNDERTAKEN BY THE LABORATORY, PLYMOUTH. The following animals can always be supplied, either living onium; Hormiphora (preserved); Leptoplana; Lineus, Ampbiporus, Nereis, Aphrodite, Arenicola, Lanice, Terebella; Lepas, Balamus Gammarus, Ligia Mysis, Nebalia, Carcinus; Patella, Buccinum, Eledono, For Sale.-Extensive Collections of British Pectens Bugula, Crisia, Pedicellina, Holothuria, Asterias,' Echinus. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Tropical Butterflies, Cabinets, &c. Correctly Ascidia, Salpa (preserved), Scyllium, kala, &c., &c. nained type collections at very moderate prices.-- Particulars from For prices and more detailed lists apply to A. FORD, Hillside, Sunnyhill, Pokesdown, Bournemouth. Biological Laboratory, Plymouth. THE DIRECTOR. 2 8 1 6 NOTICE.-Advertisements and business letters for NATURB should be addressed to the Publishers; Editorial CHARGES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. E s. d. £ s. d Yearly Yearly 6 Quarter Page, or Half a Column Half-yearly Half-yearly O 15 6 One Sixteenth Page, or Eighth col. io Quarterly Half a Page, or a Column 3 5 7 6 Quarterly o 8 o One Eighth Page, or Quarter O 18 6 6 6 OFFICE: ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON, WC. I 15 O 14 6 9 UNIVERSAL LABORATORY RHEOSTAT. TOWNSON & MERCER. ESTABLISHED 1798 (OVER A CENTURY). Scientific Apparatus Manufacturers and Laboratory NEW INCLINED PLANE, designed by W, J, WOODHOUSE, a voltja 25/This Plane is made of polished mahogany, with brass supports and pegs to vary the angle of inclination. The centre is cut away so that the force can To regulate PRESSURE & CURRENT, be applied parallel either to the base or plane. series or shunt, and a variety of The roller runs on glass tube, thus reducing other useful laboratory resistances. the friction to a minimum, and the plane can be Full varticulars of above and other forms of ELECTRICAL MEASURING raised at right angles and used as an ordinary INSTRUMENTS for Laboratories, &c., are contained in New pulley, if desired. Illustrated List, post free on application. ISENTHAL & CO., TOWNSON & & MERCER, 85 MORTIMER ST., LONDON, W. Contractors to the Almirally, Iar, India, Ev Colonial Offices, &C. 34 CAMOMILE STREET, E.C. our C. E. MÜLLER, ORME & CO.'S NEW RESISTANCE GLASS excels Jena Glass in its power to stand sudden variations of temperature. N. B. - The official test at the Charlottenburg Institute showed that with this glass the alkali dissolved by 100 c.c. of distiller water is , !, milligrammes as compared with dir milligrammes dissolved from Jena glass under the same conditions. IT IS AS CHEAP AS THE COMMON BOHEMIAN GLASS. May be had in BEAKERS (various forms), FLASKS (all shapes), TUBING (any size). Price List fire on application to C. E. MÜLLER, ORME & CO., Ltd. (CONTRACTORS 19) 148 HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON, W.C. H.M. GOVERNMENT, Printed by RICHARD CLAY AND Sons, LIMITED, at 7 & 8 Bread Street Hill, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of London, and published by MARILLAS AND Co., LIMITED, at Si. Martin's Street, London, W.C., and The Macmillan COMPANY, 00 Fifth Avenue, New York. – THURSDAY, April 9, 1905 A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE " To the solid ground No. 1852, VOL. 71) THURSDAY, APRIL 27, 1905 [PRICE 15 CENTS Registered as a Newspaper at the General Post Office.) (All Rights are Reserved. R.M.S. “Danube," Rio de Janeiro, To Nov. 7th, 1904. London. I have much pleasure in writing to inform you that my “Birdland” Camera is proving a great success in the tropical heat of this country. As you know I was feeling a little doubtful when I left England, as to how the camera would stand all the great climatic changes that it would have to pass through with me on my travels. However, it has come through with flying colours, and has not once failed me. Moreover it has enabled me to obtain a large number of successful negatives that could only have been gained with the aid of a reflex camera. Your faithfully, (Signed) F. MARTIN-DUNCAN. BEST PATTERN. WORKMANSHIP. The above Lantern has a clear base board and is fitted with 5-in. Condensers. NEWTON & CO., 3 FLEET ST., LONDON. THE NEW Birdland Booklet post free to readers of Nature. NEGRETTI & ZAMBRA'S "LONDON ANEROID BAROMETERS MICROSCOPE, 38 Holborn Viaduct, E.C. Branches 45 Cornhill ; 6000 8000 7000 OPTICAL CONVENTION, 1905. BIRKBECK COLLEGE. BREAMS BUILDINGS, CHANCERY LANE, E.C. FACULTY OF SCIENCE. DAY AND EVENING COURSES. Chemistry J. E. MACKENZIE, Pà. D., D.Sc. (H, WAEN, Ph.D., BA. B.S. Sir WM. DE WIVELESLIE ABNEY, K.C.B., D.C.L, F.R.S. (ALBERT GRITTITHS, D.Sc. The RIGHT HON. THE LORD BLYTHSWood. Physice ... D. OWEN, B.A., B.Sc. 18. w Clack, B.Sc. Astronomer Royal. E. H. SMART, M.A. (W.G. BIRT, B.A., B.Sc. The Right Hon. The EARL OF CRAWFORD, K.T., LL.D., F.R.S. Botany F. E. FRITSCH, Ph.D. B.Sc Zoology .. H. W. UNTHANK, BA, B.Sc Qeology & Mineralogy Geo. F. HARRIS, F.G.S. Assaying, Metallurgy & Mining. Geo. PATCHIN, A.R.S.M The Right Hon. THE LORD KELVIN, O.M., G.C.V.O., F.R.S. RESEARCH in Chemistry and Physics in well-equipped laboratories THE RIGHT Hon. The I ORD RAYI EIGH, O.M., D.C.L., F.R.S. French, German, Spanish, Russian, Dutch, & Itallan Classes. THE Right Hon. The EARL OF ROSSE, K.P., D.C.L., F.R.S. EVENING CLASSES also in Biology, Physiology, Practical Geometry. Building and Machine Construction, Steam, Theoretical and Applica Mechanics, Land and Quantity Surveying, and Estimating. Calendar 6d. (post free 8d.), on application to the SECRETART. The object of the Convention is to bring into co-operation those interested in Optical Matters, from all sides of the question, theo- At the SOUTH-WESTERN POLYTECHNIC, retical, practical, and commercial, Manresa Road, Chelsea, S.W., Day College Courses of thirty boun The mornings will be devoted 10 papers and discussions on Optical subjects. These will be collected in a volume 10 be issued by the per week are conducted in preparation for the London University Degrees of B.Sc. in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, in Chemis Convention. try, Physics and the Natural Sciences. The composition fee for the There will be an Session of three terms, 1904-1905. is 615. These Courses are reorgs EXHIBITION OF OPTICAL & SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS nised for "Internal Students of the University, and consist of lecture and laboratory instruction. The Crurses are conducted by of British manufacture, in the large ha!) of the Northampton Institute, MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, W. W. F. Pullen, A. Mack during the Convention, open daily from 12 to 10 p.m. In connection Smith; ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, A J. Makut with this, a catalogue is in preparation, which will be a useful work CHEMISTRY, J. B. Coleman, J. C. ('rocker, and F. H. Lase; of reference in regard to instruments manufactured in this country. MATHEMATICS and PHYSICS, S. Skinner, W. H. Eccles, J. Lister The Subscription for Membersbip of the Convention will be five and L. Lownds; BOTANY, H. B. Lacey and T. 6. Hill: shillings. Applications for membersbip should be aodressed to the GEOLOGY, A. J. Maslen. In the evenings similar Courses will be Hon. Sec., Mr. F. J. SELBY, M.A., Elm Lodge, Ieddington, conducted, but at fa per Session. Also TECHNICAL DAT Middlesex, who will be glad to furrish suriber particulars if desired. COURSES of three years' duration are arranged as a preparation for the Engineering, Electrical and Chemical and Metallurgical pro ADMISSION to the Exhibition, daily, ONE SHILLING, lesions. The Laboratories and Workshop are open for RESEARCH after 7 p.m., Sixpence. under the direction of The Principal and the Heads of Departments Tickets admitting to the Exhibition at any time while it is open, 2/6. Further particulars may be obtained on application to The SECRETARY, who will send either the Day College Prospectus arc Calendar or the Evening Class Prospectus for 34«. The Prospectus may be had at the Office for id, each. OF ROYAL INSTITUTION GREAT BRITAIN. success. ALBEMARLE STREET, PICCADILLY, W. MONDAY, May 1, at Five o'clock, Annual Meeting of the Members. TUESDAY, May 2, at Five o'clock, Professor L. C. MALL, D.Sc., F.R.S., first of Three Lectures on “The Study of Extinct Animals." Half-a-Guinea the Course. THURSDAY, May 4. at Five o'clock, Professor Sir JAMES DEWAR, M.A., LL D., D.Sc., F.R.S., first of Three Lectures on " Flame." Half-a-guinea. SATURDAY, May 6, at Three o'clock, Professor MARSHALL Warn, D.Sc., F.R.S., first of Two Lectures on “Moulds and Mouldiness." Half-a Guinea. Subscription to all the Courses in the Season, Two Guineas. FRIDAY EVENING, May 5. at Nine o'clock, Professor HENRY E. ARMSTRONG, Ph.D., LL.D., F.RS, on “ Problems Underlying Nutrition.' (UNDER THE AUSPICES of His MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT.) THE LONDON SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE. Hospital Society.) For Prospectus, Syllabus, and other particulars, apply to the Secretary, B.A. AND B.Sc. EXAMS. MATRICULATION, INTERMEDIATE, FLVAL. PREPARATION by CORRESPONDENCE and ORAL TUITION on a THOROUGHLY INDIVIDUAL SYSTEM. Fees based ca The STAFF includes Graduates of Oxford, Cambridge, London, and SINGLE SUBJECTS TAKEN: Science, Mathematics, Love, for terms, &c., address Mr. J. CHARLESTON, B.A. (Lond. and Oxod. Burlington Correspondence College, Clapham Common, London, SW. UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM FACULTY OF SCIENCE. The Professor will be allowed to take Higher Consultative work, to kee? in touch with Civil Engineering practice, provided that it does not intolat with his University duties. Applications, accompanied by seventy five copies of testimonials, shoeli be received by ihe Secretary, not later iban May 20. The successful Candidate will be expected to begin his duties - GEO. H. MORLEY, Secretary UNIVERSITY OF LONDON. WILLIAM LINDLEY STUDENTSHIP. A Research Studentship Physiology of the value of £100 for one year, founded in memory of their late William Lindley and tenable in tbe Physiological Laboratory of University. is now vacant. Applications, accompanied by a summary or the career of the applicant and the names of three persons to whom refere may be made, will be received by the undersigned on or before Mandar May 8 next. A, W. RUCKER, Principal University of London, South Kensington, S.W. for other Scholastic Advertisements, see page cexly. BACTERIOLOGY and PATHOLOGY. KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON. Director-R. T. HEWLETT, M.D., Professor of Bac'eriology. Demonstrator of Bacteriology--H. S. Willson, M.B. The Laboratories are open daily from April 26 for instruction and research in Pathology, Bacteriology, and Public Health. Students may enter at any time. A Course in Clinical Bacteriology suited to the requirements of senior students for the M.B. degrees will be held on Tuesdays and Thursdays during the summer session. Fee £5 55. For Syllabus apply to the SECRETARY or to Prof. HEWLETT, |