Oli.
O, do not fwear;
Hold little faith, though thou haft too much fear.

Enter SIR ANDREW AGUE-CHEEK, with his head broke. Sir And. For the love of God, a furgeon; fend one prefently to Sir Toby.

Oli. What's the matter?

Sir And. He has broke my head across, and has given fir Toby a bloody coxcomb too: for the love of God, your help: I had rather than forty pound, I were at home.

Oli. Who has done this, fir Andrew?

Sir And. The count's gentleman, one Cefario: we took him for a coward, but he's the very devil incardinate. Duke. My gentleman, Cefario?

Sir And. Od's lifelings, here he is :-You broke my head for nothing; and that that I did, I was fet on to do't by fir Toby.

Vio. Why do you fpeak to me? I never hurt you:
You drew your fword upon me, without caufe;
But I befpake you fair, and hurt you not.

Sir And. If a bloody coxcomb be a hurt, you have hurt me; I think, you fet nothing by a bloody coxcomb.

Enter SIR TOBY BELCH, drunk, led by the Clown.

Here comes fir Toby halting, you shall hear more: but if he had not been in drink, he would have tickled you othergates than he did.

Duke. How now, gentleman? how is't with you?

Sir To. That's all one; he has hurt me, and there's the end on't. Sot, did'ft fee Dick furgeon, fot?

Clo. O he's drunk, fir Toby, an hour agone; his eyes were fet at eight i'the morning.

Sir To. Then he's a rogue. After a paffy-measure, or a pavin, I hate a drunken rogue,

9 Bailey's Dictionary fays, pavan is the loweft fort of inftrumental mufic; and when this play was written, the pavin and the paflamezio might be in vogue only with the vulgar, as with Falftaff and Doll Tearsheet: and hence fir Toby may mean he is a rogue, and a mean low fellow. TOLLET.

Ben Jonfon alfo mentions the pavin, and calls it a Spanish dance, Alche

Oli. Away with him: Who hath made this havock with them?

Sir And. I'll help you, fir Toby, because we'll be dressed together.

Sir To.

mift, p. 97; [Whalley's edition] but it feems to come originally from Padua, and fhould rather be written pavane as a corruption of paduana. A dance of that name (faltatio paduans) occurs in an old writer, quoted by the annotator on Rabelais, B. V, c. 30.

Pally meafures is undoubtedly a corruption, but I know not how it should be rectified. TYRWHITT.

The pavan, from pavo a peacock, is a grave and majestick dance. The method of dancing it was anciently by gentlemen dreffed with a cap and fword, by thofe of the long robe in their gowns, by princes in their mantles, and by ladies in gowns with long trains, the motion whereof in the dance, refembled that of a peacock's tail. This dance is fuppofed to have been invented by the Spaniards, and its figure is given with the characters for the ftep, in the Orchefographia of Thoinet Arbeau. Every pavin has its galliard, a lighter kind of air, made out of the former. The courant, the jig, and the hornpipe are fufficiently known at this day.

Of the palmezzo little is to be faid, except that it was a favourite air in the days of Q. Elizabeth. Ligon, in his Hiftory of Barbadoes, mentions a palmezzo galliard, which in the year 1647, a Padre in that ifland played to him on the lute; the very fame, he says, with an air of that kind which in Shakspeare's play of Henry IV. was originally played to Sir John Falstaff and Doll Tearsheet, by Sneak, the musician, there named. This little anecdote Ligon might have by tradition; but his conclufion, that because it was played in a dramatic reprefentation of the history of Henry IV. it must be fo ancient as his time, very idle and injudicious.Paffy-meafure is therefore undoubtedly a corruption from passamezzo. SIR J. HAWKINS

With the help of Sir John Hawkins's explanation of passy-measure, I think I now fee the meaning of this paffage. The fecond folio readsafter a pafly measures pavin. So that I should imagine the following regula tion of the whole fpeech would not be far from the truth:

Then be's a rogue. After a pafly-measure or a pavin, I hate a drunken rogue, i. e. next to a pally-measure or a parin, &c. It is in character, that Sir Toby fhould exprefs a ftrong diflike of ferious dances, fuch as the palamezzo and the pavan are defcribed to be. TYRWHITT.

From what has been stated, I think, it is manifest that Sir Toby means only by this quaint expreffion, that the furgeon is a rogue, and a grave folemn coxcomb It is one of Shakspeare's unrivalled excellencies, that his characters are always confiftent. Even in drunkenness, they preferve the traits which diftinguished them when fober. Sir Toby, in the firft a of this play, fhewed himself well acquainted with the various kinds of the dance. MALONE.

I have followed Mr. Tyrwhitt's regulation, which appears to be welk founded, STEEVENŞ.

Sir To. Will you help an ass-head, and a coxcomb, and a knave? a thin-faced knave, a gull ?2

Oli. Get him to bed, and let his hurt be look'd to.

[Exeunt Clown, SIR TOBY, and SIR ANDREW.

Enter SEBASTIAN,

your kinfman 1;

Seb. I am forry, madam, I have hurt
But, had it been the brother of
my blood,
I must have done no lefs, with wit, and fafety.
You throw a strange regard upon me, and
By that I do perceive it hath offended you;
Pardon me, fweet one, even for the vows
We made each other but fo late ago.

Duke. One face, one voice, one habit, and two perfons; A natural perspective,3 that is, and is not.

Seb. Antonio, my dear Antonio!

How have the hours rack'd and tortur'd me,
Since I have loft thee?

Ant. Sebaftian are you?

Seb.

Ant. How have you made divifion of yourfelf?

Fear'ft thou that, Antonio?

Which is Sebastian ?

An apple, cleft in two, is not more twin

Than thofe two creatures.

Oli. Moft wonderful!

Seb.

2 I believe, Sir Toby means to apply all these epithets either to the furgeon or Sebastian; and have pointed the paffage accordingly. It has been hitherto printed, Will you help an afs-head,” &c. but why should Sir Toby thus unmercifully abufe himself? MALONE.

As I cannot help thinking that Sir Taby, out of humour with himself, means to discharge thefe reproaches on the officious Sir Andrew, who alfo needs the furgeon's help, have left the paffage as I found it. Mr. Malone points it thus: "Will you help ?-An ass-head," &c!

STEEVENS.

3 A perfpective feems to be taken for fhows exhibited through a glass with fuch lights as make the pictures appear really protuberant. The Duke therefore fays, that nature has here exhibited such a show, where fhadows seem realities; where that which is not appears like that which is. JOHNSON.

I believe Shakspeare meant nothing more by this natural perspective, than a reflection from a glass or mirror. M. MASON.

Perspective certainly means a glass used for optical delufion, or a glafs generally. DovGE,

Seb. Do I ftand there? I never had a brother:
Nor can there be that deity in my nature,
Of here and every where. I had a fifter,
Whom the blind waves and furges have devour'd :-
Of charity, what kin are you to me?

[To VIOLA.

What countryman? what name? what parentage?
Vio. Of Meffaline: Sebaftian was my father;
Such a Sebaftian was my brother too,

So went he fuited to his watery tomb:
If fpirits can affume both form and fuit
You come to fright us.

Seb.
A fpirit I am, indeed;
But am in that dimenfion grofsly clad,
Which from the womb I did participate.
Were you a woman, as the reft goes even,
I fhould my tears let fall upon your cheek,
And fay-Thrice welcome, drowned Viola!
Vio. My father had a mole upon his brow.
Seb. And fo had mine.

Vis. And died that day when Viola from her birth
Had number'd thirteen years.

Seb. O, that reco'rd is lively in my foul!

He finished, indeed, his mortal act,

That day that made my fifter thirteen years.

Vio. If nothing lets to make us happy both,
But this my mafculine ufurp'd attire,
Do not embrace me, till each circumstance
Of place, time, fortune, do cohere, and jump,
That I am Viola: which to confirm,

I'll bring you to a captain in this town,

Where lie my maiden weeds; by whofe gentle help
I was preferv'd, to ferve this noble count:
All the occurrence of my fortune fince
Hath been between this lady, and this lord.
Seb. So comes it, lady, you have been mistook:

But nature to her bias drew in that.
You would have been contracted to a maid;

4 i. e, out of charity, tell me, &c. STEEVENS.
5 I believe our author wrote-occurrents. MALONE.

[TO OLIVIA.

Nor

Nor are you therein, by my life, deceiv'd,
You are betroth'd both to a maid and man.
Duke. Be not amaz'd; right noble is his blood.-
If this be fo, as yet the glafs feems true,
I fhall have share in this moft happy wreck :
Boy, thou haft faid to me a thousand times,
Thou never fhould't love woman like to me.
Vio. And all thofe fayings will I over-fwear;
And all thofe fwearings keep as true in foul,
As doth that orbed continent the fire
That fevers day from night.

Duke.

[TO VIOLA,

Give me thy hand;
And let me fee thee in thy woman's weeds.

Vio. The captain, that did bring me firft on fhore,
Hath my maid's garments: he, upon
fome action,
Is now in durance; at Malvolio's fuit,
A gentleman, and follower of my lady's.

Oli. He fhall enlarge him :-Fetch Malvolio hither:

And yet, alas, now I remember me,

They fay, poor gentleman, he's much diftract.

Re-enter Clown, with a letter.

6

A moft extracting frenzy of mine own
From my remembrance clearly banish'd his.-
How does he, firrah?

Clo. Truly, madam, he holds Belzebub at the ftave's end, as well as a man in his cafe may do: he has here writ a letter to you, I fhould have given it you to-day morning; but as a madman's epistles are no gofpels, fo it skills not much, when they are delivered.

Oli. Open it, and read it.

Clo. Look then to be well edified, when the fool delivers the madman.-By the Lord, madam,

Oli. How now! art thou mad?

Clo. No, madam, I do but read madness: an your lady. ship will have it as it ought to be, you must allow vox.7

Oli. ❝i.e. a frenzy that drew me away from every thing but its own object. WARBURTON.

7 I am by no means certain that I understand this paffage, which, in6 deed