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LOUISIANA.

Several newspapers were published in the city of New Orleans, immediately after the country was purchased by the government of the United States.

There is now (1810), a press at St. Louis, in Upper Louisiana, at the confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers, at which a newspaper is printed.

NOTE.

MAINE. The first paper printed in this state is said to have been established at Falmouth in 1785 for the purpose of advocating a separation from Massachusetts. It was about the size of a sheet of foolscap, and was made up principally of extracts from other papers, giving dates a fortnight or three weeks old from Boston and New York as the latest intelligence. The printer, whose name is not mentioned, was living in 1842.

MICHIGAN. It is stated in the Catholic Almanac of 1871, that Gabriel Richard, a French Catholic priest, was the first person that undertook printing west of the Alleghanies. He printed a paper called the Essai du Michigan in 1809, which seems to have given offense to the British authorities, by whom he was imprisoned. There were undoubtedly earlier printers west of the Alleghanies.

ILLINOIS. The Illinois Herald, the first paper in that state, was begun at or before 1809, by Matthew Duncan, at Kaskaskia. It passed soon after under the name of Illinois Intelligencer, and was removed to Vandalia.

MISSISSIPPI. A paper is said to have been established at Natchez in 1808, but nothing authentic is found concerning it.

MISSOURI. A paper is reported to have been printed at St. Louis, called the Gazette in 1806.

INDIANA. The Western Sun, the first paper in this territory, was begun at Vincennes in 1808.

WISCONSIN. The Green Bay Republican was printed by W. Shoals in 1831 or 1832.

ARKANSAS. The first paper in this state is supposed to have been issued in 1834, at Little Rock.

Iowa had a paper at Burlington in 1836.

TEXAS. The Galveston Star was commenced in 1834.

CALIFORNIA. It was not till 1848 that a paper was begun on a small sheet at San Francisco, called Alta California.

OREGON. A paper called The Freeman was begun at Columbia in 1847.

MINNESOTA. S. Randall began to publish The Register at St. Paul in 1849.-M.

BRITISH COLONIES,

ON THE CONTINENT.

NOVA SCOTIA.

This colony continues to be a part of British America. The settlement of the chief town of the colony, Halifax, commenced in 1749, at the expense of the British government. The first press established in the province was in 1750.

HALIFAX.

Soon after the commencement of the settlement of this town, printing was introduced, and a newspaper published with the title of

The Halifax Gazette.

It first appeared in January, 1752, and was printed weekly, on half a sheet of foolscap paper, by John Bushell, from Boston. The circulation of the Gazette was in a great measure confined to the town, which was then a mere garrison. After a trial of some months the publication of it was for a long time suspended; at length it was

revived, but not issued at regular periods till about the autumn of 1760; which was soon after Bushell died.

Anthony Henry commenced the republication of this Gazette in 1761. His first paper was marked No. 1, and a cut was placed at each end of the title; the one on the right appeared to be designed for a fowler pursuing game; that on the left was a ship. He continued to print it weekly, on Thursday, in a very indifferent manner, and with few customers, until 1765, when the British stamp act was enforced in the colony. It was then printed on stamped paper. Not more than seventy copies were issued weekly from the press. The subscribers did not amount. to that number. The Gazette had been printed on a half sheet; but after the stamp act went into operation, it appeared on a whole one, because there was only one stamp on a sheet. Not more than six or eight reams of stamped paper, of the sort appropriated to newspapers, had been sent from England for the colony; the whole of which came into the possession of Henry, and in a few weeks it was expended; or rather the stamps were, unknown to him, by the assistance of a binder's press and plough, cut from the paper; and the Gazette appeared without the obnoxious stamp, and was again reduced to half a sheet. The imprint when printed on a stamped sheet, was “Halifax, (in Nova-Scotia); Printed and Sold by A. Henry, at his Printing-Office in Sackville-Street, where all persons may be supplied with a whole Sheet Gazette, at Eighteen Shillings [three dollars and sixty cents] a year, until the publisher has 150 Subscribers, when it will be no more than Twelve Shillings, Advertisements are taken in and inserted as cheap as the Stamp-Act will allow."

'The stamp act took effect in Nova Scotia, Canada and the Floridas, on the continent; and in the islands of Jamaica, Barbadoes, Antigua and Grenada.

In 1766, another newspaper was published in the place, handsomely printed and well edited; but Henry, after a short suspension, continued his Gazette. In 1770, the other paper was discontinued; and, in consequence thereof, Henry obtained an accession of customers. He placed the king's arms in the title of the Gazette, which he altered to The Nova Scotia Gazette and the Weekly Chronicle. The size of the paper was enlarged, and the typography was much improved. The publication ceased in 1800, on the death of the printer.

The Nova Scotia Gazette.

This paper was first published August 15, 1766. It was handsomely printed, weekly, on a crown sheet, folio, on a new long primer type. The day of publication was Thursday. Imprint, "Halifax: Printed by Robert Fletcher, and Sold by him at his Shop near the Parade; where all Sorts of Printing is executed neatly, correctly and expeditiously. Subscriptions received at Twelve Shillings1 a Year, or Three Pence a Paper. Advertisements of a moderate Length inserted at Three Shillings each."

This Gazette was printed until 1770, when the publisher who came from England, returned to that country, and the paper was discontinued.

No other newspaper was published in Nova Scotia till after the war commenced.

'Two dollars and forty cents.

'Sixty cents.

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