A Treatise on Wills, Volume 1

Front Cover
F.D. Linn, 1880 - Wills
 

Contents

Effect of republication upon specific devises under old
372
CHAPTER IX
379
Jews What are charitable uses Force of English statutes in the United States
382
English mortmain acts only local
386
American mortmain acts
387
Force of statute of Elizabeth in the United States
390
Louisville1867
391
What are not charitable uses
397
Bequests to be given in private charity
400
Bequests not necessarily charitable on account of professional or official charac ter of legatee
401
Legacy may be charitable though payable at once to individuals to poor relatious is not charitable
402
unless intended as a perpetual pro vision
403
Uncertain object
404
donee
409
Incapacity as a corporation
410
Misnomer of corporation
411
Unincorporated societies
412
Decree to be incorporated
413
No failure for want of trustee
414
Failure for want both of trustee and definite beneficiary
415
Meaning of benevolent charitable
416
Charity held the sole purpose notwithstanding doubtlul expressions
417
Distinction where the gift is for charitable and other ascertained objects though apportionment left to trustees
418
Trustees declining to apportion donees take equally
419
Policy of early tines in regard to charity
420
Statute of Geo II c 36
422
Sum charged on land for testator and not yet raised
423
Legacy partly real and partly personal void pro tanto
424
Property savoring of realty Early decisions as to canal shares and debentures Shares in joint stock companies not within the act 427 Railway debentur...
425
Debentures of other companies Growing crops Arrears of rent Tenants fixtures Charitable trust vitiates the legal estate
429
Bequests of proceeds of real estate and of money to be laid out in land to charity illegal
430
Where the purchase of land is the ultimate object the trust is
431
Recommendation to purchase mandatory Option to trustee bequest is good
432
Legacy to be applied in discharging an encumbrance on charity property invalid
437
Effect where land is charged as an auxiliary fund
443
Bequest of pure personalty to charitable purpose not restrained
449
Partial exclusion of the cy pres doctrine
455
Chronological review of American cases discussing this question
464
Ayres v M E Church1849
477
Starke1872
502
Origin of the rule How regarded by the early judges
503
Period for which vesting of estates may be suspended Statute of perpetuities how far applicable to charities
504
New York statute of perpetuities
510
Period to be computed from testators death
519
Executory devise to arise on an indefinite failure of issue void unless engrafted on an estate tail 520 Difference between an executory devise and a re...
520
Term of years whether ulterior or precedent to estate tail
524
Executory limitation whether precedent or subsequent
525
Whether a remainder which is destructible can be void for remoteness Devise of a reversion may be void when a similar devise of a remainder would...
526
A different rule applies to contingent limitations by way of remainder in equit able interests
527
Gifts to an unborn class to vest after majority
529
Gift of personal estate to a class which may comprise objects too remote void as to
530
Gift to a class including a named person
531
What constitutes a gift to a class
534
Where the remote gift is substitutional that alone fails
537
An interest which does not vest within the period is void though alienable
551
Limitations ulterior to a remote devise void
552
Clause empowering trustees to postpone absolute ownership void
558
Rules of construction not to be strained to render gift valid
564
Limits imposed on the doctrine
572
Effect of stat 39 and 40 Geo III c 98 upon trusts which divest accumulation
578
Destination of the income released from accumulation
584
CHAPTER X
591
Effect of renewal upon bequest of leaseholds
594
servants means servants at date of will
600
renewed lease
606
Verbs in present tense
613
Effect of declaration that legacy shall not lapse
619
No distinction where class is ascertainable by some event which occurs in testa
625
Whether bequest of money to A and the heirs of his body remainder to
634
Enactment does not apply where gift does not lapse but property passes over
640
Gift of all held too indefinite
646
Gift of part of a larger quantity not uncertain where devisee is entitled to select
652
Does the void gift fall into the residue?
659
Devise to three the one to be heir to the other
665
Gift to several successively not saying in what order
669
Charitable legacies not void for uncertainty of object Section IV Effect of mistake in locality or occupancy of lands and of misnomer generally as to ...
671
Mistake in locality of lands Leasehold will pass as freehold
672
All particulars in description of object need not be correct Misnomer of corporations
673
individuals
674
Distinction where there is more than one claimant
675
Uncertainty avoided by position of names in will Name and description evenly balanced
677
No name except as part of description Where one answers both name and description he will take notwithstanding improbability
678
Where gift in trust though discretional Precatory trust
680
Other cases of doubtful words creating a trust
684
Mere expressions of kindness not sufficient Doubtful expressions explained by context
685
Where the gift is for the donees absolute use precatory words do not create a trust
686
Limits of the doctrine of precatory trusts Instances of words being too indefinite to create a trust
689
Meaning of the rule requiring certainty of object and subject for a precatory trust
693
Gift for a specified purpose Where the purpose is the benefit of the donee alone the gift is absolute
694
Where interest of legatee is left to discretion of trustees
695
Where the purpose is not for the benefit of the donee alone three constructions
696
a Cases of complete trust
697
b in which there is a discretion liable to be controlled
698
Distinction where given in first instance absolutely
700
Bequest to A to maintain
702
Direction to permit tenants to continue in occupation
703
employ a particular steward
704
CHAPTER XIII
708
Letters and oral declarations of testator rejected
711
Evidence of mistake by person who drew the will rejected
714
Clause improperly introduced into will may be rejected on issue devisavit vel
721
Copyhold not extended to freeholds by parol evidence
728
when not to influence construction
737
It is sufficient if testator provide means of ascertaining the object of gift
743
Effect where there are two subjects or objects answering to description
749
Evidence of immaterial circumstances rejected
756
Alabama Conference v Price
760
Alchins Trustees
776

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Page 250 - And be it further enacted, that no will shall be valid unless it shall be in writing and executed in manner hereinafter mentioned ; (that is to say,) it shall be signed at the foot or end thereof by the testator or by some other person in his presence and by his direction ; and such signature shall be made or acknowledged by the testator in the presence of two or more witnesses present at the same time, and such witnesses shall attest and shall subscribe the will in the presence of the testator,...
Page 301 - ... is required for the execution of the will ; but the will, with such alteration as part thereof, shall be deemed to be duly executed if the signature of the testator and the subscription of the witnesses be made in the margin or on some other part of the will...
Page 603 - And be it further enacted, that every will shall be construed, with reference to the real estate and personal estate comprised in it, to speak and take effect as if it had been executed immediately before the death of the testator, unless a contrary intention shall appear by the will.
Page 488 - In the government of this commonwealth, the legislative department shall never exercise the executive and judicial powers, or either of them : the executive shall never exercise the legislative and judicial powers, or either of them: the judicial shall never exercise the legislative and executive powers, or either of them : to the end it may be a government of laws and not of men.
Page 639 - Bequest shall not lapse, but shall take effect as if the Death of such Person had happened immediately after the Death of the Testator, unless a contrary Intention shall appear by the Will.
Page 711 - Where there is nothing in the context of a will, from which it is apparent that a testator has used the words, in which he has expressed himself, in any other than their strict and primary sense, but his words so interpreted are insensible with reference to extrinsic circumstances, a court of law may look into the extrinsic circumstances of the case to see whether the meaning of the words be sensible in any popular or secondary sense, of which with reference to these circumstances, they are capable.
Page 193 - Act it is enacted6 that if any person shall attest the execution of any will to whom, or to whose wife, or husband any beneficial devise, legacy, estate, interest, gift or appointment of, or affecting any real or personal estate (other than and except charges and directions for the payment of any debt or debts) shall be thereby given or made, such devise, legacy, estate, gift or appointment shall, so far only as concerns such person attesting the execution of such will, or the wife or husband of...
Page 327 - And be it further enacted, that no conveyance or other act made or done subsequently to the execution of a will of or relating to any real or personal estate therein comprised, except an act by which such will shall be revoked as aforesaid, shall prevent the operation of the will with respect to such estate or interest in such real or personal estate as the testator shall have power to dispose of by will at the time of his death.
Page 282 - And be it further enacted, That every Will made by a Man or Woman shall be revoked by his or her Marriage (except a Will made in exercise of a Power of Appointment, when the Real or Personal Estate thereby appointed would not in default of such Appointment pass to his or her Heir, Customary Heir, Executor, or Administrator, or the Person entitled as his or her next of Kin, under the Statute of Distributions) . XIX.
Page 180 - And be it further enacted, that it shall be lawful for every person to devise, bequeath, or dispose of, by his will executed in manner hereinafter required, all real estate and all personal estate which he shall be entitled to, either at law or in equity, at the time of his death...

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