Articles; 19 Cannon, of a thicker make than ordinary, and in a Room apart; 36 of a smaller other Cannon for Chain-fhot; and Balls proper to bring down Mafts of Ships. Crofs-bows, Bows and Arrows, of which to this Day the English make great Ufe in their Exercifes: But who can relate all that is to be seen here? Eight or nine Men, employed by the Year, are fcarcely fufficient to keep all the Arms bright.

The Mint for coining Money is in the Tower.

N. B. It is to be noted, that when any of the Nobility are fent hither, on the Charge of high Crimes, punishable with Death, fuch as Treafon, &c. they feldom or never recover their Liberty. Here was beheaded Anna Bolen, Wife of King Henry VIII. and lies buried in the Chapel, but without any Infcription and Queen Elizabeth was kept Prisoner here by her Sifter Queen Mary, at whose Death she was enlarged, and by Right called to the Throne.

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On coming out of the Tower, we were led to a fmall House close by, where are kept Variety of Creatures, viz. three Lioneffes, one Lion of great Size, called Edward VI. from his having been born in that Reign; a Tyger; a Lynx; a Wolf exces fively old; this is a very fcarce Animal in England, fo that their Sheep and Cattle ftray about in great Numbers, free from any Danger, though without any body to keep them; there is befides, a Porcupine, and an Eagle. All these Creatures are kept in

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a remote Place, fitted up for the Purpose with wooden Lattices at the Queen's Expence.

Near to this Tower, is a large open Space: On the higheft Part of it is erected a wooden Scaffold, for the Execution of Noble Criminals; upon which they fay, three Princes of England, the laft of their Families, have been beheaded for high Treafon : On the Bank of the Thames close by, are a great many Cannon, fuch chiefly as are used at Sea.

The next Thing worthy of Note, is the Royal Exchange, fo named by Queen Elizabeth, built by Sir Thomas Gresham, Citizen, for public Ornament, and the Convenience of Merchants. It has a great Effect, whether you confider the Statelinefs of the Building, the Affemblage of different Nations, or the Quantities of Merchandife. I fhall fay nothing of the Hall belonging to the Hans Society; or of the Conveyance of Water to all Parts of the Town by fubterraneous Pipes, nor the beautiful Conduits and Cisterns for the Reception of it; nor of the rifing of Water out of the Thames by a Wheel, invented a few Years fince by a German.

Bridewell, at prefent the Houfe of Correction: It was built in fix Weeks for the Reception of the Emperor Charles V.

A Hall, built by a Cobler, and bestowed on the City, where are exposed to Sale three Times in a Week, Corn, Wool, Cloth, Fruits, and the like.

Without

Without the City are fome Theatres, where Eng

Actors reprefent almost every Day Tragedies and Comedies to very numerous Audiences; thefe are concluded with Mufic, Variety of Dances, and the exceffive Applause of those that are prefent.

Not far from one of thefe Theatres, which are built of Wood, lies the Royal Barge, close to the River; it has two fplendid Cabbins, beautifully ornamented with Glafs Windows, Painting and Gilding; it is kept upon dry Ground, and fheltered from the Weather.

There is ftill another Place, built in the Form of a Theatre, which ferves for the baiting of Bulls and Bears; they are faftened behind, and then worried by great English Bull-dogs; but not without great Rifque to the Dogs, from the Horns of the one, and the Teeth of the other; and it sometimes happens they are killed upon the Spot; fresh ones are immediately fupplied in the Place of those that are wounded, or tired. To this, Entertainment, there often follows that of whipping a blinded Bear, which is performed by five or fix Men, ftanding circularly with Whips, which they exercise upon him without any Mercy, as he cannot escape from them because of his Chain; he defends himself with all his Force and Skill, throwing down all who come within his Reach, and are not active enough to get out of it, and tearing the Whips out of their Hands, and breaking them. At thefe Spectacles, and every where

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elfe the English are constantly smoaking Tobacco, and in this Manner; they have Pipes on purpose made of Clay, into the farther End of which they put the Herb, fo dry that it may be rubbed into Powder, and putting Fire to it they draw the Smoak into their Mouths, which they puff out again, through their Noftrils, like Funnels, along with it Plenty of Phlegm and Defluxion from the Head. In thefe Theatres, Fruits, fuch as Apples, Pears and Nuts, according to the Season, are carried about to be fold, as well as Ale and Wine.

There are fifteen Colleges, within and without the City, nobly built, with beautiful Gardens adjoining. Of these the three principal are :

I. The Temple, inhabited formerly by the Knights Templars It seems to have taken its Name from the old Temple, or Church, which has a round Tower added to it, under which lie buried those Kings of Denmark, that reigned in England.

II. Grays-Inn. And

III. Lincolns-Inn.

In these Colleges Numbers of the young Nobility, Gentry, and others, are educated, and chiefly in the Study of Phyfic, for very few apply themselves to that of the Law: They are allowed a very good Table, and Silver Cups to drink out of. Once a Perfon of Distinction, who could not help being furprized

furprized at the great Number of Cups, faid, "He "should have thought it more fuitable to the Life of "Students, if they had used rather Glass, or Ear"then-ware, than Silyer." The College answered, "They were ready to make him a Present of all "their Plate, provided he would undertake to fupply "them with all the Glafs, and Earthen-ware, they "fhould have a Demand for; fince it was very "likely he would find the Expence, from conftant "breaking exceed the Value of Silver."

The Streets in this City are very handsome and clean; but that which is named from the Gold fmiths who inhabit it, furpaffes all the reft: There is in it a gilt Tower, with a Fountain that plays. Near it on the farther Side is a handfome Houfe, built by a Goldfmith, and presented by him to the City. There are befides to be feen in this Street, as in all others where there are Goldsmiths Shops, all Sorts of Gold and Silver Veffels expofed to fale; as well as ancient and modern Medals, in fuch Quantites as muft furprize a Man the first Time he fees and confiders them.

Fitz-Stephens, a Writer of English History, reckoned in his Time in Lomdon, 127 Parish Churches, and 13 belonging to Convents: He mentions befides, that upon a Review there of Men able to bear Arms, the People brought into the Field under their Colours, 40,000 Foot, and 20,000 Horfe. Vide Cambden's Britan. Middlesex.

The best Oysters are fold here in great Quantites.

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