A SKETCH

OF

ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY

FROM THALES TO CICERO.

London: C. J. CLAY AND SONS, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE,

AVE MARIA LANE.
Glasgow: 50, WELLINGTON STREET.

Leipzig: F. A. BROCKHAUS. New York: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. Bombay and Caļcutta. MACMILLAN AND CO., LTD.

(All Rights reserved)

OF

ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY

FROM THALES TO CICERO

BY

JOSEPH B. MAYOR, M.A.

CAMBRIDGE
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS

Bill

M3 1907 UP.

First Edition 1881.
Reprinted 1885, 1889, 1895, 1904

HISTORY 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

A. PRE-SOCRATIC PHILOSOPHY OF NATURE.

IONIC SCHOOL. One ever-changing self-developed universe.

(Dynamical Physicism?.)

B.C. 600 fl. Thales, p. 2.

580 Anaximander, p. 3.

520 Anaximenes, p. 4.

510 Heraclitus, p. 4.

ITALIC SCHOOL. One unchanging self-existent universe

(Transcendental Physicism.)

B.C. 530 f. Pythagoras, p. 7.

530 Xenophanes

480 Parmenides Eleatic school, pp. 14-16.

460 Zeno of Elea

| Ritter in his History of Ancient Philosophy employs the terms
Dynamical and Mechanical to distinguish the view which regards
the universe as one great organism with an inherent power of move-
ment and change, from that which regards it as a result of forces
acting upon a number of independent elements.