UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL
INTELLIGENCE.

BIRMINGHAM.-Prof. Jordan Lloyd has accepted the invitation of the council to succeed Prof. Bennett May in the chair of surgery.

Prof. Peter Thompson, of King's College, London, has been appointed professor of anatomy in the place of Prof. Arthur Robinson.

The chair of zoology, rendered vacant by the death of Prof. T. W. Bridge, F.R.S., has been filled by the election of Dr. Frederick William Gamble, F.R.S.

The following appointments have been also made :-Dr. Jessie S. Bayliss, as lecturer in botany; Messrs. F. W. Aston and H. B. Keene, as demonstrators in physics; Mr. T. F. Wall, as assistant lecturer and demonstrator in electrical engineering; and Mr. Cyril S. Fox, as demonstrator in coal mining and lecturer in mine surveying.

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CAMBRIDGE. The professorship of zoology and parative anatomy is vacant by the resignation of Prof. Sedgwick. The electors will meet for the purpose of electing a professor on Friday, October 29. Candidates are requested to send in their names to the Vice-Chancellor on or before October 22.

Notice is given that the Quick professorship of biology is vacant, as the period of three years for which Dr. Nuttall was appointed has now ended. The election will take place on Friday, October 29. Candidates are requested to send in their applications to the Vice-Chancellor on or before Friday, October 22.

Mr. F. A. Potts, of Trinity Hall, has been appointed demonstrator of comparative anatomy for one year from Michaelmas, 1909. Mr. L. A. Borradaile, of Selwyn College, has been appointed demonstrator of animal morphology for one year from Michaelmas, 1909. Mr. F. T. Brooks, of Emmanuel College, has been appointed senior demonstrator of botany for two years ending September 30, 1911, and Mr. D. Thoday, of Trinity College, has been appointed junior demonstrator of botany for the same period.

An anonymous benefactor has promised the sum of 100l. towards the construction of a field laboratory in the vicinity of Cambridge, in connection with the Quick Biological Laboratory. The sum of 100l. has been granted by the advisory committee of the tropical diseases research fund towards the expenses of the Quick Laboratory in the present year.

GLASGOW.-The University is to benefit to the extent of 10,000l. from the estate of the late Dr. Robert Pollok. The amount in question is given for the endowment of a university lectureship for original research in materia medica.

MANCHESTER.-The new chemical laboratories (to be known as the John Morley Chemical Laboratories, after the Chancellor of the University) were opened on Monday last by Sir Henry Roscoe, F.R.S., professor emeritus of chemistry in the University.

OXFORD. It is proposed to confer the degree of D.C.L., honoris causa, upon his Excellency Osman Hamdy Bey, director-general of the Imperial Ottoman Museum of Antiquities, Constantinople.

Mr. John Finnigan has been appointed secretary to the Senate of Queen's University, Belfast.

THE new laboratories for physiology, chemistry, and physics of the London Hospital Medical College are to be opened on Friday of next week by Prof. W. Osler, F.R.S., who will afterwards deliver the Schorstein lecture.

COURSES of lectures on the fermentation industries are announced for delivery at the Sir John Cass Technical Institute, Aldgate. The inaugural lecture (on chemistry in relation to brewing and malting) was given by Mr. A. R. Ling on Tuesday last.

MR. H. A. S. WORTLEY, of Downing College, Cambridge, has been appointed assistant lecturer in the day training department of the University College of North Wales, Bangor. The inaugural lecture of the present session was delivered on Tuesday last by Prof. W. M. Flinders Petrie, F.R.S., who spoke on recent excavations in Egypt.

A COURSE of ten lectures on economics, by Mr. Alfred Milnes, has been arranged for delivery at Bedford College for Women in connection with the course of scientific instruction in hygiene at the institution. The lectures are specially designed for women preparing to be factory inspectors or desiring to take part in other public work. They will be delivered on Mondays, beginning October 11.

THE new

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chemical laboratory of the Pharmaceutical Society's School of Pharmacy was opened on Wednesday of last week. On the same day began the new session of the school, when the opening address was delivered by Prof. Alexander Tschirch, of the University of Bern, who At took as his subject "The Future of Pharmacognosy." the conclusion of the address the Hanbury gold medal was presented to Prof. Tschirch.

THE Leathersellers' Technical College, which has been erected at a cost of nearly 20,000l. in the Tower Bridge Road, was opened by the Lord Mayor of London on Friday last. In declaring the college open, Sir G. Wyatt Truscott said that no subject was of greater interest than the development of technical education and the splendid part which the city guilds had played in that development. The city companies had found, in assisting technical education, with the opportunity of re-associating themselves interests of the trades that they represented. In the leather trade, unfortunately, the system of apprenticeship had somewhat died out, but he hoped that it might be revived.

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IN opening a new wing of the Leicester Technical and Art Schools on Thursday last, Prof. Silvanus P. Thompson, F.R.S., said the conclusion he came to after a tour of the industrial centres of Europe was that the most successful technical schools were those which carefully studied the needs of their own special industries. disastrous tale of the manufacture of dyes from coal-tar products was not without its warning to this country. The trained brains sent out by German universities and technical colleges profited by the inventions of English chemists, and we paid 2,000,000l. a year for dyes manufactured abroad from coal-tar products. Thanks largely to technical education, a similar disaster was averted when the electrica. engineering industry was developed.

ACCORDING to a note in the Engineer, arrangements have been made with several of the leading engineering firms in Glasgow and elsewhere by which students of the South-western Polytechnic Institute are allowed to enter their apprenticeship. Students who satisfactorily perform the work in the mechanical engineering department in the first year may proceed at once and continue their work at one of the firms arranged for, and students who have satisfactorily finished the second-year course are allowed to proceed with their apprenticeship and return to the college and continue their third session. Furthermore, students who obtain the diploma of their college will have their apprenticeship reduced. Under these conditions a student can obtain a first-class training as an engineer, and apprentices who perform satisfactorily in the workshop are allowed to enter the drawing-office.

ATTENTION has often been directed in these columns to the complete equipment and excellent arrangements of the London polytechnics. Among these institutions, the Batter

sea Polytechnic takes a prominent place. The calendar for the session which has just commenced shows that for this winter entirely new classes have been started in engineering estimates, electrochemistry, chemical engineering, dyeing and cleaning, analysis of foods and drugs, and sanitation. In addition to this, it is of interest to notice that new accommodation, in the form of laboratories, workshops, and equipment, is being provided in mechanical, electrical, and motor engineering, chemistry, natural science, art, and domestic economy, these extensions having been rendered possible by the assistance of the London County Council, and it is expected that they will be to some extent ready for use during the current session.

THE following free courses of advanced science lectures are announced by the University of London :-the geographical distribution of plants, by Prof. Percy Groom and Mr. A. W. Hill; evolutionary aspects of palæobotany, by Mr. E. A. N. Arber; fertilisation, by Prof. J. B. Farmer, F.R.S.; the anatomy of plants in relation to external conditions, by Mr. L. A. Boodle; geology and evolution, by Prof. J. W. Judd, C.B., F.R.S.; the geology and physiography of Arctic Europe, by Prof. E. J. Garwood;

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course by Prof. W. W. Watts, F.R.S.; dynamical meteorology, with special reference to the forecasting of weather, by Dr. W. N. Shaw, F.R.S.; recent researches on chloroform anæsthesia, by Prof. G. A. Buckmaster and Mr. J. A. Gardner; a course by Mr. W. B. Hardy, F.R.S.; the physiology of the peripheral nerves, by Dr. N. H. Alcock; protozoan parasites, with special reference to those of man, by Prof. E. A. Minchin; the distribution of the Oligochata, by Mr. F. E. Beddard, F.R.S.; the phylogeny of calcareous sponges, by Prof. A. Dendy, F.R.S.; symbiosis, by Dr. F. W. Keeble; the Marsipobranchii, by Mr. F. G. Cole; Amphioxus, by Prof. E. W. MacBride, F.R.S.; the morphology of swim bladders, by Dr. W. N. F. Woodland.

THE two universities created by the Irish Universities Act of 1908 came into existence on October 1. The Times Dublin correspondent last Friday described the state of preparation of the new universities. The commissions appointed under the Act to draft statutes and lay the foundation for the two new universities were given a period of two years for their work. They have sat often and worked hard, with the result that they are now well in advance of schedule time. The National University consists of a Senate and officers with large powers, but with no buildings of its own. The University has its concrete embodiment in the

new University Colleges,

formerly Queen's Colleges, at Cork and Galway. University College, Dublin, is so far only concrete in the sense that its governing body has been called into existence. At the present time it has no teaching and no college buildings. The commissioners will meet shortly to appoint a teaching staff, and the college will open early next month. As regards staffs, the Dublin College is differently situated from those at Cork and Galway, where teaching staffs exist in the staffs of the old Queen's Colleges, which are to be taken over in accordance with the provisions of the Act. Only a very few chairs remain to be filled. In University College, Dublin, it is taken for granted that most of the old staff will be translated to corresponding chairs in the new college. In this case, however, the commissioners will have also to fill a number of new chairs. Nothing has yet been done in connection with the buildings of the new college in Dublin, though various sites have been suggested. Meanwhile, the college will probably begin its work in the Royal University buildings, and will solve the immediate problem of class-rooms by renting the Roman Catholic University College and the buildings of the Roman Catholic Medical School. The cases of Queen's University, Belfast, and of the University Colleges at Cork and Galway present no difficulties. These institutions will have teaching staffs within a couple of weeks, and all their buildings and class-rooms are in going order. It may be taken for granted that by the middle of November, at latest, the work of the two new Irish universities in all its departments will have been organised and practically initiated.

SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES.

PARIS.

Academy of Sciences, September 27.-M. Bouchard in the chair. The existence of intrusive Pliocene rocks in the volcanic massif of Cantal: A. Lacroix.—Aniline antimony! tartrate in the treatment of trypanosomiasis: A. Laveran. Experiments on experimentally infected guinea-pigs having given favourable results on treatment with this drug, M. Thiroux has tried it in Senegal on natives suffering with sleeping sickness. The immediate results were very satisfactory, the intra-venous injection of 15 centigrams causing the disappearance of the trypanosomes from the blood of an aduit man. The action is more rapid than when atoxyl

is used, two patients who had commenced to sleep recovering after the injection of 15 centigrams. It has still to be proved that the cure is permanent.-The Brownian move ment of rotation: Jean Perrin. Einstein has deduced a formula for the rotation of a spherical particle in a fluid of a given viscosity. The author has succeeded in measur ing the velocity of rotation experimentally, the result being in complete agreement with Einstein's theory. It appears probable that the molecular kinetic hypothesis affords a safe basis in the study of Brownian motion.-The electrodiapason A. Guillet.-Thermochemistry of : some phos phorus compounds: P. Lemoult.

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