amidophenolbenzylether, ortho-amidiophenolchloro-benzylether, 3

amido-1-methyl-2-phenolbenzylether, di-ortho-amidophenylethyleneether, meta-amidophenol, meta-amidocresol, mono-methyl-, monoethyl-, dimethyl-, diethyl-, and ethylbenzyl-meta-amidophenols and meta-amidocresols, meta-oxydiphenylamin, meta-oxyphenyl-orthotoluidin, meta-oxyphenyl-para-tolylamin, meta-oxyphenyl-metaxylidin, meta-oxy-phenyl-alpha-naphthylamin, methyl-ethyl-, dimethyl-, diphenyl-meta-phenylenediamin, meta-amido-para-tolylphenylamin, methyl-meta-amido-para-toluidin, meta-diamido- diphenyl-, and ditolylamin, meta-diamido-carbazol, ortho-amidodiphenyl, ortho-amidodiphenylamin, thio-anilin, alpha-naphthylamin, beta-naphthylamin, ethyl-diamethyl-, diethyl-, phenyl-betanaphthylamin, &c. By oxidizing these para-amidodiphenylamin derivatives with phenols and amins the most varied shades of green-blue to red-violet and black may be obtained.

The dyes may be prepared, for instance, as follows: The two components to be oxidized are dissolved together or separately and stirred with a thickening agent to make a printing-color or padding-bath, whereupon the oxidizing agents are added. The mixture is then printed or padded on the material to be dyed, (vegetable or animal fibres,) dried, and by prolonged aeration in a warm place or by steaming the color is developed and simultaneously fixed on the fibre. The process may also be carried out by successively applying to the fibre the different components and oxidizing them in common. As oxidizing agents are specially suited the chlorates in presence or absence of carriers of oxygen.

PROCESS OF DYEING.

Carl F. Kübler, of Elmshorn, Germany. Patent No. 803,424, dated October 31, 1905.

This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for laying on and spreading over the raised pile or nap of fabrics dyes or mordants in such manner that the pile is dyed, mordanted, or bleached in one or more colors or mordants different from the ground of the fabric, while the ground itself takes little or no

dye, the object being to provide glittering color effects, besides imparting to the fabric a full and plush-like appearance.

The improvement resides, mainly, in the feature that teazeling devices or like means spread the dye or mordant over the pile of the fabric, the laying or applying of the dye or mordant being either produced by said means or by separate devices before the spreading operation.

PROCESS OF DYEING INDIGO RESISTS.

Julius Ribbert, of Hagen, Germany. Patent No. 803,855, dated November 7, 1905.

The claims cover

1. The process for producing indigo goods, which consist in impregnating the goods with an agent acting as a reducer, printing with an ordinary paste resist commonly used for printing blue, applying indigo color, reducing said color, and then washing the goods.

2. The process for producing indigo goods, which consists in impregnating the goods with an agent acting as a reducer, printing with an ordinary paste resist commonly used for printing blue, applying indigo color, reducing said color, then dyeing said goods, and then washing the goods.

INDIGO DYE.

John W. Fries, of Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Patent No. 807,453, dated December 19, 1905.

The claims specify

1. A padding liquor for indigo-dyeing, which consists of a mixture of indigo, milk of lime, zinc-dust, caustic soda, and starch, when mixed with a solvent.

2. A padding liquor for indigo-dyeing, which consists of a mixture of indigo, milk of lime, zinc-dust, caustic soda, starch, and alizarin-oil, when mixed with water to form a solution.

PROCESS OF INDIGO DYEING.

Hermann Muller, of Paris, France. December 26, 1905.

Patent No. 808,398, dated

This invention is designed to facilitate and simplify the dyeing with indigo of textile fabrics either in the piece or yarn, to reduce the time necessary for the preparation of the bath, and to effect considerable economy in the process of dyeing. The invention may be applied to the dyeing of cotton, wool, silk, linen, or unions of these fibres.

The claims cover

1. The process of dyeing fabrics and analogous materials which consists in feeding the material through a dyeing-machine having a dye-receptacle, subjecting it to a dye-bath composed of indigo, an oxid of tin, an acid and an alkaline solution, then airing said material, and finally treating it with a fixing solution.

2. The process of dyeing fabrics and analogous materials which consists in feeding the material through a dyeing-machine having a dye-receptacle, subjecting it to a dye-bath composed of indigo, an oxid of tin, acetic acid, and an alkaline solution, then airing said material, and finally treating it with a solution of bichromate of potassium and hydrochloric acid.

PROCESS OF PRINTING WITH INDIGO.

Moritz von Gallois, of Höchst-on-the-Main, Germany, assignor to Farbwerke vorm. Meister, Lucius und Brüning. Patent No. 808,443, dated December 26, 1905.

By the present invention in printing indigo by the hydrosulfite method strong caustic alkalies are substituted for the alkali salts previously used. This substitution is particularly applicable to printing with the stable hydrosulfite compounds made by combining an aldehyde or derivative or analogue thereof with hydrosulfurous acid or a salt or double salt thereof.

By the present method white fabrics and fabrics dyed with certain other colors, such as alizarine red, may be printed.

The claim covers

The improvement in the process of printing fabrics with indigo on white or Turkey red dyed unprepared cotton, which consists in simultaneously applying in the printing color a mixture of indigo and stable double compounds of hydrosulphites with aldehydes and strong caustic alkalies.

CHEMICAL PROCESSES

PROCESS OF PRODUCING FATTY ACIDS. Oscar Liebreich, of Berlin, Germany. Patent No. 778,980, dated January 3, 1905.

This invention relates to a process of producing fatty acids; and it consists in heating acidulated derivatives of aromatic bases with sulphuric acid and separating the fatty acids produced there

the process.

by from the sulphates of the aromatic bases which are formed in

The value of this process depends on the fact that the acidulated derivatives of aromatic bases on a commercial scale are obtained in the form of compounds or mixtures containing the radicals of more than one fatty acid and several aromatic bases. From these compounds of acidulated derivatives of aromatic bases especially only some constituents-for instance, that containing the radical of stearic acid-are separated by fractional distillation or by other known processes for further use, whereas the remaining mixture frequently cannot be profitably employed. This invention is adapted to produce valuable products-namely, fatty acids and sulphites of aromatic bases from the said compounds of acidulated derivatives of aromatic bases. At the same time the process cheapens the production of acidulated derivatives of aromatic bases and of pure glycerin from glucerids of fatty acids, the so-called "fats" and "oils," in accordance with U. S. Patent 741,585. In carrying out this process besides pure glycerin a mixture of several acidulated derivatives of aromatic bases is

obtained. As above stated, only some constituents of such mixture are practically directly used, the others have less technical value, so that it would be desirable to dissociate same, so as to form free fatty acids and to regenerate the aromatic bases. This invention realizes this effect and therefore by the combination of the former process forming the subject-matter U. S. Patent No. 741,585 with the process of this invention by the treatment of fats or oils in the first place by heating the fats or oils with aromatic bases, acidulated derivatives of aromatic bases and anhydrous glycerin are obtained, and in the second place, by heating the compound of acidulated derivatives of aromatic bases with sulphuric acid, fatty acids and sulphates of aromatic bases.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING BARIUM OXID FROM BARIUM CARBONATE.

George Egly, of Charlottenburg, Germany, assignor to the firm Gebrüder Siemens & Co. Patent No. 779,210, dated January 3, 1905.

The inventor claims by this invention barium oxid of a high degree of porosity can be obtained from barium carbonate at a temperature which renders the working more expeditious and economical, while any destruction of the containing vessels which may occur in consequence of the high temperatures hitherto employed is avoided. In fact, in the practice of the novel process barium oxide may be produced when the process is practiced by heating the material to a red heat, it being well understood in the art, as before stated, that in the manufacture of such oxids heretofore it has been absolutely necessary that the clearest white heat be produced to effect the result sought. For this purpose the barium carbonate before being heated is mixed with barium nitrate with or without the addition of a reducing agent, such as carbon or a substance which carbonizes when heated-for instance, tar, syrup. Volatile hydrocarbons may also be added in order to increase the porosity of the product. The reaction takes place according to the formula: