faying that Verfe in the Pfalms, Not unto us, O Lord, not unto us, but unto thy Name give the Glory. And demanding what was the Name of the Place, when it was answered him, Agincourt: Then to all Pofterities following, faith he, fhall this Battle be called the Battle of Agin

court.

The Spoil here taken in Armour, Jewels, and Apparel, was very great. Of the English were flain, the Duke of York, the Earl of Suffolk, two Knights, David Gam, Efq; and twenty-eight private Soldiers. Of the French were flain, one thoufand Princes, Nobles, Knights, and Efquires, and Ten thoufand common Soldiers. Prisoners of Account taken in the Field were, Charles Duke of Orleans, John Duke of Bourbon, the Earl of Richmond, Louis de Bourbon, Count de Vandofme, the Earl of Eu, Edward de Rouen, with divers others. Juft before this Battle of Agincourt, when it was reported, that the French Forces were very numerous, Captain Gam refolutely faid, That if there were fo many, there were enough to be killed, enough to be taken Prifoners, and enough to run away. The next Day after this Battle, Great Henry marched towards Calais; and in the next Month following fpread Sails for England; and, on November 23, in Triumphwife, he entred London, where he received the Gratulations of his People. The City prefented him a Thousand Pounds in Gold, and two Golden Bafons. After fome Time of refreshing, the King called a Parliament to London, which granted him a Subfidy, and a Tenth, for carrying on of his Wars in France; which he gracicully accepted, though it was too fhort for the defraying fo vaft a Charge,

Therefore to make it up, the King 1417. pawned his Crown to his Uncle Cardinal Beauford, for a great Sum of Money, and certain Jewels to the Lord-Mayor of London for Ten Thoufand Marks. Then with an Army of 25,527 Soldiers, every Fourth being an Horfeman, befides a Thousand Carpenters and Labourers, upon July 28, 1417, he took to the Seas, and August the firft, arrived in Normandy, to their great Terror, many of the Inhabitants for Fear flying into Bretaign. And as foon as on Shore, to encourage his Followers, he dubbed thirty eight Knights, then laid Siege against Conqueft, the ftrongest City in Normandy, which he took Auguft the 16th. He took likewife the Caftles of Aumbelliers and Lovers; the firft of which he gave to his Brother Clarence, the fecond to the Earl of Salisbury, and the third to the Earl Marshal. Caen in Normandy, the King took by Force, giving the Pillage thereof amongst his Soldiers. Now when King Henry was bufied in France, the Scots wrought what Mischief they could against him at Home, entred England in an hoftile Manner, bringing one with them whom they pretended to be King Richard II. and laid ftrait Siege against Roxborough and Berwick; but upon the Report of an Army of English coming against them, they broke up their Sieges, and well was he that could first set Foot in his own Country. In January, the ftrong Town and Caftle of Fallors was delivered to the King; after which he divided his Army into feveral Parts, under the Conduct of the Dukes of Clarence and Gloucester, and Earl of Warwick, who took fundry Garrifons. The King the while befieged Roan 3 which, after about a Twelve-month Siege, was delivered to him up

on Terms, i.e. That the Burgeffes should pay unto him Three hundred fifty fix thoufand Crowns of Gold, fhould fwear Faith and Loyalty to him and his Succeffors, &c.

A. D. 1418, immediately after the Surrender of this, fundry other Places of Note yielded themselves, wherein King Henry placed Garrifons. And now France, trembling at the English Succeffes and their own Loffes, fought a Peace from King Henry, who yielded to a perfonal Conference to be held at MeLun, whither Charles the French King, his Queen Ifabel, the Princefs Catharine, Duke of Burgundy, Count of St. Paul, with a thousand Horfe, came firft; King Henry, his Brothers of Clarence and Gloucester, attended likewife with a thousand Horfe, met them; wherein much Conference paffed, but nothing was concluded; which did not well please the King of England. Wherefore ready to depart, he thus fpoke to Burgundy, Coufin, I may not well digeft this Refufal, but be ve affur'd, that either I will have your King's Daughter, and all my Demands, or else I vill banish both you and them out of France. You may speak your Pleafure, answered the Duke; but before you fball thruft us out of France, you shall be weary of the Enterprize. The Treaty thus broke, Burgundy reconciled himself with the Dauphin, and Henry difpleafed herewith, profecuted the War more fharply, fet upon Ponthois the last of July, and in few Hours gain'd the Town, wherein great Spoils fell to the Soldiers Shares. The News of this made King Charles to remove his Court from Paris to Troys in Champaigne, whilft Henry went forward with his intended Enterprizes, he and his Generals winning many ftrong Holds. And to make the more Way for

the English Succeffes, the Dauphin and his Mother the Queen fell at great Variance, when the Queen, by the Procurement of Burgundy (the King being very infirm) was made Regent of France, whofe Female Authority, and the Hatred to her own Son the Dauphin, did not a little prejudice the Crown of France. And to the great Advantage of the English, the Dauphin caufed John Duke of Burgundy to be treacheroufly flain (for that the faid Duke had procured Lewis Duke of Orleans to be barbarously murthered, thinking that then he might eafily compafs to rule all under a weak King.) Whereupon the Queen and young Duke of Burgundy perfuaded King Charles to difinherit the Dauphin his Son, and to give the Lady Catharine in Marriage unto the King of England; which accordingly was done, and a Peace was concluded betwixt the two Kings of England and France. The prime Articles of the Peace were thefe, That Charles and Ifabel fhould retain the Name of King and Queen, and fhould hold all their Dignities, Rents, and Poffeffions during their natural Lives. That after the Death of Charles the prefent King of France, the Crown and Realm of France should, with all Rights and Appurtenances, remain unto the King of England, and his Heirs for ever. That because of King Charles his Infirmness and Incapacity to difpofe the Affairs of the Realm of France, therefore during his Life the Government thereof fhould be and abide to K. Henry; fo that thenceforth he fhould govern the Realm, and admit to his Council and Affiftance, with the Council of France, fuch of the Englife Nobility as he fhould think fit, &c.

The Number of Articles were Thirty three, which were (worn unto at Troys, May 30, 1420, the

fame

titioned the King to commiferate 1422. the Poverty of the Commons, which as they pleaded, were beggared by the Wars; wherefore, without farther preffing for any Aid, the King again pawned the Crown to his rich Uncle Cardinal Beauford, for Twenty thoufand Pounds, and then returned into France with four Thousand Horfe, and twenty-four Thoufand Foot. And Time it was, for the Dauphin's Party was grown confiderably ftrong by Aids fent from Scotland under the Conduct of the Earl Bucquhanan, and Archibald Douglas, who had given a Defeat to a Party of the English, therein killing the valiant Duke of Clarence, and taking Prisoners the Earls of Huntingdon and Somerset, and Thomas Beaufort. After which the Dauphinois had laid Siege to Alenzo, and ftraitned the City of Paris, by withholding Provifions from it; but when victorious Henry appeared, the Enemy betook them to their ftrong Holds, many of which he gained in fhort Time.

fame being proclaimed in London the 20th of June following. Thefe Articles were concluded betwixt the two Kings in the Presence of divers of the chief Nobility both of England and France, Homage being fworn unto King Henry, and he proclaimed Regent of France. And on the third of June the Marriage of Henry and Catharine was, with all pompous Solemnity, celebrated at Troys, the Bishop of that See performing the Ceremonies. From Troys the King of England and his Queen rode to Paris, where great Entertainment was given; and the more to weaken the Dauphin's Interest, a Parliament of three Eftates was affembled in Paris, where the Difinherifon of the Dauphin was confirmed. In this Parliament was alfo the final Accord betwixt the two Kings acknowledged by the French King, as made by his free Confent and Liking, and with Advice of the Council of France, whereupon it was likewife there ratified by the General States of that Realm, and fworn unto particularly upon the Holy Evangelifts by the French Nobles and Rulers Spiritual and Secular, who alfo fet their Seals to the Inftruments thereof. Which Inftruments were fent into England to be kept in the King's Exchequer at Wefiminler. Things now fettled in France as well as that unfettled Time would permit, King Henry leaves the Duke of Clarence to be his Lieutenant there, and hallens for England with his Queen, whom he caused to be crowned at Westminfter in little Time after their Arrival in England. Then he called a Parliament in order to the raifing of Monies for the continuing of the Conqueft in France; but fome Men minding more their private Intereft than the Publick, inftead of being free thereto to contribute, they pe

A.D. 1421, and December the 6th, whilft King Henry lay before Meaux, News was brought him, that his Queen, at the Castle of Windsor, was delivered of a Son; at which he exceedingly rejoyced, yet faid, he liked not the Place of her Delivery, having before commanded that the fhould not be delivered there; and withal predicted, that what Henry of Monmouth fhould gain, Henry of Windfor fhould lofe,

A. D. 1422, Queen Catharine paffed beyond the Seas to the King in France, and there in the Louvre, King Henry and his Queen Catharine, at the Festival of Pentecoft, fat in their Royal Robes, with their Imperial Crowns on their Heads, and kept their Court with great Confluence of People. But fhortly after this renowned Prince fell fick

1422. of a burning Fever and Flux, where of he died August 31, 1422. His Bowels were buried at St. Mauro de Foffes, his Body at Westminster, next beneath the Tomb of Edward the Confeffor. Upon his Tomb Queen Catharine caufed a Royal Picture to be laid, cover'd all over with Silver Plate Gilt, the Head whereof was wholly of maffy Silver. All which, at the Abby's Suppreffion, was facrilegioufly broken off, and taken away. His Iffue was only Henry of Windfor. 'Tis faid of him, that he was a Prince godly in Heart, fober in Speech, fparing of Words, refolute in Deeds, provident in Counsel, prudent in Judgment, modeft in Countenance, magnanimous in Action, conftant in Undertaking, a great Alms-giver, devout to Godward, a renowned Soldier, fortu nate in Field, from whence he never returned without Victory. He erected the Monafteries of Bethlem and Bridget, near unto Richmond, gave princely Gifts to the Church of Westminster, and Brotherhood of St. Giles's without Cripplegate, London. He firft inftituted Garter Principal King at Arms, befides other Augmentations to the Order of St. George.

A. D. 1414, Sigifmund the Emperor came to England, defiring to make Peace betwixt the two Na tions of France and England; but when that could not be effected,

he entred into a League with the English himself. Sir Roger Alton, Beverley, Murley, and fome others, were ftrangled and burned for an unlawful Meeting in St. Giles's Fields..

A. D. 1417, Sir John Oldeafile, Lord Cobham, was adjudged as a Traytor to the King and Realm, to be drawn through the Streets to St. Giles's Fields by London, and there to be hang'd and burnt.

Three Popes were now at once mounted into St. Peter's Chair, namely Benedict, Gregory, and John; therefore for Prevention of Mifchiefs to the Church by this Schiẩm, a Council was held at Conftance in Germany, whither King Henry fent nine English Prelates, one of which, to wit, Richard Clifford, Bishop of London, was the firft nominated by the Council to be Pope, and he first nominated him that fucceeded, which was Otho Colonna, by the Name of Martin the Fifth. In the third Year of this King's Reign, and on Candlemas Day, feven Dolphins came up the River Thames, four of which were taken.

An A&t was made in the Parliament holden at Leicefter, That fuch who maintained Wickliff's Do&rine were Hereticks and Traytors, and to be hanged and burnt. By which Law, Sir Roger Acton, with divers others, as alio Lord Cobham, were put to Death.

4.D. HENRY of Wind/or was 1422.44 crowned about the

Eighth Month of his Age. The Guard and Cuftody of this Royal Infant was committed to Thomas Duke of Exeter; the Nur

ture and Education to his Mother the Queen Dowager; the Government of England to Humphrey Duke of Gloucefier; and the Regency of France to John Duke of Bedford. The first Disadvantage that befel

the

the English Caufe after the late King's Deceafe, was the Death of Charles the French King, who furvived Henry but fifty-three Days; for the Imbecilities of this Prince were a Strength to the English; on the other Side, the Infancy of young Henry was an Advantage to young Charles, by them of his Party now called King of France, tho' by the English he was called only King of Berry, because little elfe was left unto him. Howbeit, now he feeks to enlarge his Dominions, having received Aids from Italy and Scotland. And not far from the Town of Vernoil, his and the Regent's Forces join'd Battle, when the English, inured to the French Wars, having born the firft Heat of the Enemy's Encounter, by Perfeverance utterly broke them, and put them to Flight. The Regent himself fought moft fiercely, winning unto himself a lafting Honour. On the Enemy's Part was flain the Conftable and Lieutenant of France, the Earls of Wigton and Vantadour, with above Five thousand others. Prifoners taken, were the Duke of Alenzon himself, with about Two hundred others of fpecial Account. After this Victory, the Regent befieged Monts in Main, and with Ordnance beat down Part of the Walls, whereupon it was yielded; this being one of the Articles at the Surrender, (which perhaps might be upon every like Occafion) that if any Perfon was found within the City, which had been confenting to the Murder of John Duke of Burgundy, Father to Philip Duke of Burgoigne, that they fhould fimply be at the Regent's Mercy.

were willing to articulate, and to yield themselves to the Duke of Burgundy, then being in his Company; but the Earl highly disdaining thereat, faid in the English Proverb, I will not beat the Bush, and another hall have the Bird. Which Proverbial Speech, 'tis faid, fo offended the Duke, that it wholly alienated his Mind from the Englife; to their great Lofs in all the FrenchWars following. And now appeared that famous French Sheperdels Joan of Lorrain, about 18 Years of Age, Daughter to James of Arc. This Maid, to comfort Charles of France, prefented herself to him at Chinon, bidding him be of good Courage, and conftantly affirming, that God had fent her to deliver the Realm of France from the Englifh Yoke, and to restore him to the Fulnefs of his Fortunes. Then fhe armed herself like a Man, and required to have that Sword which at that Time did hang in St. Catharine's Church of Firebois in Tourain; and being warlikely array'd, fhe gets into Orleans, which did greatly animate the fainting French. From Orleans this Maid of God (for fo the French called her) fent a Letter to de la Pole, Earl of Suffolk, in Words to this Effect: King of England, do Reafon to the King of Heaven for his Blood Royal; yield up to the Virgin the Keys of all the good Cities which you have forced, &c. Iam the Chief of this War; wherefoever I encounter your Men in France, I will chaje them, will they, nill they, &c. The Virgin comes from Heaven to drive you out of France, be not abstinate, for you fall not hold France of the King of Heaven, tho' Son of St. Mary, but Charles fhall enjoy it, the King and lawful Heir to whom God hath given it. He fhail enter Faris with a good Train, &c. Understand these News of God and the Virgin; spare

Some Time after this, and not much, Thomas Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, with a dreadful Puiffance, besieged the City of Orleans, and lo enforced it, that the Inhabitants

I 4

innocent