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1685. Eftablished Church, and that he would maintain them in all their Rights according to Law, not fuffering them to be arbitrarily opprefs'd by Soldiers, or others; and further, That the King would condefcend, as far as could be expected, in the Bufinefs of the Excife and Militia; he propofed to them the eftablishing the Revenues upon the King, as amply as his Predeceffors had enjoyed them: And, that effectual Means might be found to deftroy the desperate Fanatick Party, that had brought that Kingdom to the Brink of Ruin.

The Lord Chancellor made alfo a Speech to them, wherein he remembered them of the Disorders the Nation had been fubject to, through the reflefs Endeavours of the Fanaticks; and by what gentle Means the King, when he was Lord Commiffioner, had quieted them; and therefore urged them to ferve the King, promote his Intereft, and deftroy that Brood of Villanous

Men.

Which Speeches being over, the Parliament drew up a Letter to the King, expreffing how fenfible they were of his Remembrance of their former Services, and their Refolutions to exceed what they had formerly done, and be exemplarily loyal in advancing fuch Laws as might fecure his Authority, extirpate the Fanatical Party, and punish the late Confpirators.

And foon after, they paffed thefe Four Acts, viz. 1. For fecuring the Proteftant Religion. 2. For annexing the Excife upon Foreign and Inland Commodities to the Crown of Scotland for ever. 3. Concerning Citations and Procees of Treafon, ratifying the former Cuftoms of the Juficiaries Proceedings against Pannels already in Prison, &c. 4. Concern ing Witnefes, That thoje that are

cited to give Teftimony in Cafes of Treafon, and refuse to do so, should be proceeded against as guilty of the fame Crime they were to witness.

On the 28th of April, a Procla mation was published for putting the Kingdom of Scotland into a Pofture of Defence, against the Enemies of the King and Government, commanding all the King's Subjects to be in Readinefs, and with their beft Arms to affift against any Com. motions and Infurrections: And, That Care be taken of the Coafts, and ordering all the Militia and flanding Forces of that Realm. But to return to England.

On the 9th of May, Dr. Oates was tried at the King's Bench Bar, upon the two Indictments of Perjury, preferred against him in the laft Reign, and was found guilty of both. And about the middle of the fame Month, was brought again to the Bar, where the Lord Chief Juftice being on the Bench, he received Judgment, To be divefted of bis Canonical Habit for ever: To be carried round Weftminster Hall, with an Infcription upon his Forehead, doclaring his Crime: Afterwards, to fand in the Pillory; and to le abipped from Aldgate to Newgate, and from Newgate to Tyburn. to fland in the Pillory five times yearly, during his Life; to pay 1000 Marks for each Perjury, and to be imprisoned during Life.

Alic,

And on the 30th of May, Thomas Dangerfield was tried upon an Lformation, for writing a Libel cal led his Narrative; and being found guilty, was on the 29th of Jan fentenced to fand in the Pillery; be whipp'd from Aldgate to New gate, and from Newgate to Tyburn, and fined 500l. He was according whipp'd; but, as he return'd_t Newgate, was run through the Fe into the Brains, of which Wes

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he died; and the Perfon that did it was tried, found guilty, and hanged for it.

Near the fame time the King conferred fome Honours; viz. Henry Jermayn, Efq; was created Baron of Dover; John Lord Churchill, who had been created Baron of Anmouth in Scotland by King Charles II. in the Year 1683, had the Title of Baron of this Kingdom conferred on him, by the Name and Stile of Baron Churchill of Sandbridge in the County of Hertford; and Sir George Jeffreys, Lord Chief-Juftice, was made Baron of Wem in the County of Salop.

an Express was difpatched to the
King.

On the 19th of May, the Parlia-
ment met at Westminster, where the
King being on the Throne, and the
House of Commons attending, the
Lord Keeper told them, The King
would defer Speaking to them, till
they had taken the Oaths: And that
it was his Pleasure they should im-
mediately proceed to make Choice of a
Speaker. And they returning to
their Houfe, unanimoufly chofe Sir
John Trevor, who was that After-
noon presented to the King. And
on the 22d the King came again to
the House of Lords; whither the
Houfe of Commons being come up,
his Majefty made the following
Speech to the Parliament.

My Lords and Gentlemen,

But King James was hardly fettled in the Throne, when two Attempts were made to heave him out; one by the Earl of Argyll in Scotland, and the other by the Duke of Monmouth in England. You have." Fter it pleafed Almighty heard that the Earl of Argyll was 'God to take to his Mercy condemned for High-Treason in the late King, my dearest BroScotland, but made his Efcape, and 'ther, and to bring me to the peacefled into Holland; and that the Dukeable Poffeffion of the Throne of

of Monmouth, having been pardoned by King Charles, offending again, was banished the Court. After which he also went over to Holland, where thefe two meeting, together with

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my Anceitors, I immediately re-
folved to call a Parliament, as the
beft Means to fettle every thing
upon thofe Foundations which
may make my Reign both eafy and

feveral others that had been con-happy to you; towards which I

cerned in the Rye-House Confpiracy, and were fled, immediately after the Death of the late King, fet themfelves at work to form a Rebellion,

tion were

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am difpofed to contribute all that is fit for me to do. What I faid to my Privy-Council at my firft coming there, I am defirous to renew and refolved to invade both Eng-to you; wherein I fully declarland and Scotland at the fame time. 'ed my Opinion concerning the Accordingly, Arms and Ammuni-Church of England, whofe Membought, and as many Menbers have fhewed themselves fo got together as they could find in eminently Loyal in the wort of thofe Countries fit for their Purpofe. Times, in Defence of my Father, ' and Support of my Brother of bleffed Memory, that I will always take Care to defend and fupport it. I will make it my Endeavour to preferve this Government, both in Church and State, as it is now by of the Ifland, and the News imme-Law established; and as I will diately fent to Edinburg, from whence never depart from the Juft Rights

With

part of these, and five Ships, Argyll firft fet forth for Scotland, and on the 9th of May, appeared before Orkney where fending his Secretary and Surgeon on Shore, they were both feized by the Inhabitants

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• and

1685.

1685. and Prerogatives of the Crown,

fo I will never invade any Man's Property and you may be fure, that having hitherto ventured my Life in Defence of this Nation, I fhall ftill go as far as any Man, in preferving it in all its juft Rights and Liberties. And having given you this Affurance concerning the Care I will have of your Religion and Property, which I have chofen to do in the fame • Words 1 ufed at my firft coming to the Crown, the better to evidence to you, that I spoke them not by Chance, and confequently that you may the more firmly rely upon a Promife fo folemnly made; I cannot doubt that I fhall fail of fuitable Returns from you, with all imaginable Duty and • Kindness on your Part, and particularly in what relates to the fettling my Revenue, and continuing it during Life, as it was

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Method to take with me; and that the best way to engage me to meet you often, is, always to use me well, I expect therefore, That you will comply with me in what I have defired, and that you will do it fpeedily; that this may be a fhort Seffion, and that we may meet again to all our Satisfactions.

My Lords and Gentlemen,

I must acquaint you, That I have had News this Morning from Scotland, that Argyll is landed in the Weft-Highlands, with the Men he brought with him from 'Holland; and that there are two Declarations published; one in the Name of all thofe in Arms there, the other in his own. It would be too long for me to repeat the Subftance of them; it is fufficient to tell you, I am charged with Ufurpation and Tyranny: The 'fhorter of them I have directed

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I can, that this Declaration of their own Treafon and Rebellion may meet with the Reward it deferves; and I will not doubt but that you all will be more zealous, to fupport my Government, and give 'me my Revenue as I have defired it without Delay.

6

in the Time of the King my Bro-to be forthwith communicated to
ther. I might use many Argu-you, I will take the best care !
ments to inforce this Demand,
from the Benefit of Trade, the
Support of the Navy, the Necef-
fity of the Crown, and the Well-
being of the Government itself,
which I muft not fuffer to be
'precarious; but I am confident
your own Confideration of what
is juft and reafonable, will fug-
geft to you whatfoever might be
⚫ enlarged upon this Occafion. There
is one popular Argument, which
I forefee may be ufed against what
I afk of you, from the Inclina-
tion Men may have for frequent
• Parliaments, which fome may
think would be beft fecured, by
feeding me from time to time by
fuch Proportions as they fhall
think convenient: And this Ar-
gument, it being the first time I
ipeak to you from the Throne,
I will anfwer once for all, That
this would be a very improper

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The first thing the House of Com mons did, was to vote their mot humble and hearty Thanks to the King, for his molt gracious Speech and Declaration; and then unanimously refolved, That all the Revenues enjoyed by the late Kirg fhould be fettled on his Majefty for Life: And next both Houfes made an Addrefs to the King, to afire his Majefty, That they would ftand by him with their Lives and Fertunes against Argyll, and all other Enemies.

In Scotland the Parliament, in

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purfuance of the King's Defire, paffed an Act, wherein they ordained, That any that should hereafter preach in any House, or Field-Conventicle, or fhould be Hearers at fuch Conventicles, fhould be punished by Death and Confifcation of Goods. And another Act, to make it Treafon to Give or Take the National Covenant, as interpreted in the Year 1638, or League and Covenant, as it is commonly called, or to write in its Defence: And a third Act for raifing 260,000 Pounds yearly for the King's Life.

The Earl of Argyll, upon his Secretary's being feized, quitted Orkney, purfued his Course to the Weft of Scotland, and landed at Dunsaffnage, an old ruinous Caftle in Lorn, formerly belonging to himself: Having put a Garrifon into this Caftle, he marched up farther into the Country, and published his Declaration; the Title of which

was,

The Declaration of the Proteftant People, that is to fay, the Noblemen, Barons, Gentlemen, and Commoners of all forts, in Arms, within the Kingdom of Scotland, with the Concurrence of True and Faithful Paftors, and of feveral Gentlemen of the English Nation joyned with them.

In this Declaration they pretended many Advantages had accrued to the Proteftant Religion by the War against King Charles I. afcribing the Succefs of the War to the Favour and Bleffing of Heaven, gained by the Goodness and Juftice of their Caufe: And extolled the Fidelity of the Covenanters of Scotland, reproaching the Parliament for detroying the Laws made in those Times, and turning out the Fanatical Minifters; arraigned the Government for putting Men to Death, &c. declared against the King's Su premacy, and his Succeffion, terming him only James Duke of York.

The English Parliament they declared against as packed; next, gave their Reafons for taking up Arms, viz. To reftore and fettle the Proteftant Religion, and entirely to exclude Popery; folemnly declaring, That they would never capitulate with the King; but profecute the War till they had perfected what they came for.

The other Declaration was in the Name of the Earl of Argyll himfelf; wherein he declared he appeared not in Arms for any private Reafon, but upon thofe only contained in the general Declaration, and defired no more than his own Eftate, with which he promised to pay his own and his Father's Debts, &c.

The Parliament in the mean time continued firm to the King, and enacted, That the Oath of Allegiance fhould be taken again at that Juncture, by all the Scotch Subjects; and that they fhould affert the Prerogatives of the Crown, whenever the Council fhould require it of them, on Pain of Imprisonment, Banifhment, &c.

Argyll being come to Loch-head, alias Campleton, eight Miles from the Mill head of Kintire, he fent out Summons, fubicribed by himfelf, and dated at Campleton, May 21. requiring all Heritors, Tenants, and others, and all fenfible Men within the Divifion of Cowall, of the Age of Sixteen to Sixty, to come to the Tarbut by the 26th of May, or fooner, with all their useful Arms, and Provifions for a Fortnight. And to back this fummons, put his Son Charles into Cowall, who fent Letters to feveral Gentlemen to repair to him without Delay, under the Penalty of Fire and Sword. But neither the one nor the other had any Effect, for the Gentlemen and

Heritors came not near him.
The Number of his Army was
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varioufly

1685.

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1685. variously reported, but all Accounts came within 5000; whereas the King's Party were, in feven Days time, no less than 22,000 Men, part of which, under the Command of the Marquifs of Athol, the Earl of Broad-Albin, and Sir Ewan Cameran, marched into Argylefhire after the Enemy, and had like to have furprized Charles Campbell, the Earl's Son, who lay there with a Party of 120 Foot, and 12 Horse, having upon Notice of the Marquifs's Approach, but just time to recover his Boats, to which he fled, lofing three of his Men, one killed, and two taken Prifoners.

From Campleton the Earl of Argyll marched to Turbet, thence embark'd to the Town of Rofs in the Ifland of Boot, where taking Provifions for himself and his Men for one Night, he failed round the Ifland, and returned to Rofs again, and fired feven Guns at his Landing, having with him 2500 Men. Upon the Arrival of the King's Ships, he quitted the Ifland of Boot, and paffed to Cowall, and would have brought his Ships into Loch-Finne, towards Inverary; but being detained by contrary Winds, the King's Ships came firft up to the Entrance of Loch-Rawan, and obliged him to bring his Ships under the Shelter of the Cafle of Ellengreg, and to fortify that, and a Rock, that lay near it in a little Ifland, to fecure his Ships in Loch-Rawan. After which himfelf marched towards the Head of Loch Finne, leaving 150 Men for the Guard of the Ships, and first putting his Cannon, Arms, and Ammunition, into the Caftle.

On the 11th of June a Party of the King's Forces under the Marquis of Athol, confifting of 300 Foot, defeated a Party of Argyle's of 400 Foot, and 80 Horfe, killing and wounding a great Number, and alfo taking fome Prifoners, and ma

ny Horfes and Arms. This made them retire to Ellengreg, where they continued till the 15th, and then paffing Loch-Long, marched towards Lenox, in the Shire of Dunbarten. The fame Day the King's Ships came up to the Caftle, where Argil's Arms and Ammunition ftill lay, with a Refolution to batter it, and deftroy the Ships. But upon firing a Gun, two Men put off in a Boat with a White Flag, telling them there would be no Oppofition made, the Enemies being all fled; which proving true, they took Poffeffion of the Cattle, and found in it 5,000 Arms, and 500 Barrels of Powder, with Ball, and all other Ammunition in Proportion.

On the 16th, Argyll marched to the Head of Gais-Loch, towards the Fords of the River Levin.

On the 17th the Earl of Dunbarton, Commander in Chief of the King's Forces, having an Account of their paffing the River Levin above Dunbarton, marched from Gla gow after them, and overtook them in the Parish of Killerne, in the Way to Sterling. The King's Horse and Dragoons kept up with them till the Foot arriv'd; but it being late in the Evening, and the Ene my very ftrongly pofted, it was not thought fit to attack them then The Army therefore continued it Battallia all Night, intending to upon them as foon as Day appeard But Argyll found Means in the Night very filently to march off, and took his Way towards the River Clyde, which he and his Here fwam over and procured Boats f the Foot, and got into Renfre The King's Forces miffing them the Morning, march'd back to G gow, and after two Hours Rett, e Earl of Dunbarton, with the Herit and Dragoons, marched after them, ordering the Foot to follow wh all the Hafte they could make.

At

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