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The JESUITS as they Were and Are. By lability of the prince. The Jesuits might

EDWARD DULLER.

also have learned, that endeavours to prevent the mental progress of a nation cannot escape punishment; for they now beheld it rise as an angry giant, and burst their well-rivetted fetters; they beheld the grey-haired king whom they had led astray, forced to become a fugitive from the fair land of his fathers; they found themselves compelled to flee in stormy haste, like proscribed criminals, from the soil where they had lately deemed them

London: Seeley, Burnside, and Seeley. THE author of this work is a German, who writes with an indignant sense of the wrongs perpetrated by the Jesuit order on the rights of conscience, domestic peace, and civil liberty; but the review is too brief and sketchy for so large a subject. The following is part of Mr Duller's account of the re-establishment of Jesuit influence, which many circum-selves immoveably rooted, and still could stances concur to show is alarmingly on the increase:

not escape being overtaken by the thousand-voiced scorn of a long insulted people, to whom the very name 'Jesuit' furnished a reciprocated term of contumely, to be bandied about in the fierceness of party conflict. Such affecting lessons are not read to us from the page of history without a purpose, and woe to those who overlook or despise them! But the Jesuits have ever set the warnings of history at scornful defiance. What avails it that their order has been prohibited to set foot in France? Its mem

"In France, during the reign of Louis XVIII. and Charles X., the Jesuits were active in the vocation of missionaries, and under the appellation of Pêres de la foi (fathers of the faith), did much to restore the reign of superstition and bigotry; in short, to bring back the good old times of civil and religious bondage, in which they were supported not only by such bishops as were of their party, but by some influential statesmen, who che-bers are at this moment resident there, rished the illusion that the Jesuits are a and although they have neither public prop to the throne. In vain did many colleges, professed or novice houses, nor honourable and able men bear decided even seminaries, under their own avowed and convincing testimony to the untena- guidance, they do but work the more bility of the doctrine, and try to prove to effectively in secret, and the fruit of their their countrymen how fraught with dan- labour displays itself openly. They purger to the state the Jesuits have ever sue their old and well-tried plan of inproved. The voice of truth was either sinuating themselves into every vein of unheeded or despised, and the Jesuits the political body, drawing it into subcontinued to exercise their influence on jection, by stupifying (despite political the election of bishops undisturbed. Fa- institutions of every name and form in voured by the government, they got favour of liberty) the general sense of education almost wholly into their hands, the nation, by bringing freedom of imposed on the court by a show of sanc- thought into suspicion, by crushing freetity, and ruled it for their own advan-dom of conscience, and by fanning the tage; infatuated the nobles so, that they flames of religious animosity and relisent their sons to the Swiss Jesuit semi-gious persecution. Only look at the last naries; and at the same time dazzled and fascinated the lowest class of the community. But even in this melancholy state of things, the middle class, the pith and marrow of the nation, remained sound, and unseduced by the arts to which the rest of their countrymen had fallen a prey; and from their ranks, as from an invulnerable citadel, talented writers launched against them the formidable artillery of the press, until at length the lowering thunder-cloud burst on the memorable July days of 1830, and the weak and aged Charles X., with his Jesuit minister Polignac, perceived too late, that the attempt to stultify the people does not always insure the invio

contest in France against the universities, no less than against the protestants, and try, if you can, to shut your eyes to the palpably resuscitating heads of the Hydra! Listen to the anathemas resounding from French pulpits, against all who presume to lay a hostile finger on one single link of the great Jesuit chain, conclude from these what are the whisperings poured from the confessional into the ears of the bonded souls (who are far deeper sunk than bonded slaves), and be convinced, that detested, despised, and deprecated as they are, the Jesuits are again in the field, and rule, if not the king's court, at least the peasant's hut!"

RELIGIOUS INTELLIGENCE.-FOREIGN.

WESTERN AFRICA.

SOUTH AFRICA.

there, was, at one time, in great personal danger; and his wife exposed to much THE accounts from the various places alarm. But the war is for the present already occupied in this wide and very arrested, and, it is hoped, permanently. interesting field, have of late been, as The chapel is well attended, and somethey usually will be, chequered in their times even crowded by the residents of nature. In the Wesleyan institution at Badagry, and the visitants from the Gambia, several sons of the neighbouring interior: and a gracious influence frechiefs have acquired a liberal education. quently accompanies the word. One who has recently left it, is heir apparent to his father in the government, and important results may possibly follow from his training under the missionaries. THE christian chief of the Batlapi tribe, There is, at present, in it the son of whose country is four degrees inland, another chief, who reads the English died toward the end of last year; affordbible, writes a good hand, and has com- ing, at the close of life, much evidence menced learning arithmetic. Five young of the "good hope through grace." He natives, all of whom experience the sav- was baptized in 1841; and from the ing power of the gospel, have received period of his conversion, had closely instruction in it, with a view to their followed the Saviour. The Sabbath being employed in teaching their own before he died, the symptoms of dissolucountrymen. Of Sierra Leone it is noticed, tion became apparent. His family havthat there can be no doubt the climate ing collected around him, he said: "I is less unhealthy than it has been, and am in the hand of God. I see his love. that the effective strength of the mission- He is about to remove me from the ary body is greater than at any former world; but I rejoice in death. Christ period. The missionaries are diligently clothes me in the garments of righteousoccupied in reducing to writing, some of ness. Pray to God while you continue the most considerable languages of West on earth. I have no sorrow in my death: Africa, and making translations into my spirit lives in heaven." Turning to them. In the stations on the Gold Coast, his sons, he said, "I tell you this, that and farther south, sickness and death those not here may know. Pray to the have been, to some extent, disturbing Lord. Let us pray." He then covered the progress of the missions; but on the his face, and continued some time in whole, to a smaller amount than formerly. prayer. On Tuesday he called for his But the want of labourers is severely aged partner and said, "I am going to felt in various important and extensive the kingdom of my Father. There is no fields of labour. The gospels of Matthew kingdom like that in the world. I and John, translated into the Accra leave to my successors, the kingdom of language, have been received by the natives with great readiness. "I have been most delightfully astonished," writes a missionary from that place, "to see the interest which our schoolboys take in the book; they are never without it in the house and by the way; and frequently meet them in companies of three and four, reading to each other along the roads, as I walk out in the mornings." The important mission in Ashanti has suffered materially for want of help. The missionary had to leave The missions on the eastern border of it, early in the year, for the coast, and the Cape colony, have just suffered a very ultimately to return to England; while serious interruption, by a rising of the only a native assistant could be got to Caffres immediately on the confines, and supply his place. Badagry has several their irruption into the colony, in great times, by hostile attacks from neighbour- numbers, and at various points along the ing tribes, been placed in critical cir- frontier line. This disturbance comcumstances. The Wesleyan missionary menced in the month of March; and

Molehabangue. There is another inheritance which no one can take from me." Afterwards he said, "My spirit waits for Jehovah; my soul sings as in the hymn, 'We've no abiding city here.' I seek a city in heaven, where Jesus is." He then prayed. Immediately before he died, being raised up to a sitting posture, he leaned his head on his nephew's bosom, and said, "my spirit is in heaven; I am no longer here;” and immediately expired.

cently visited all these free cities, writes, of date Feb. 27th last, "Before my leaving Amoy, the five high mandarins of the place, jointly gave a special feast to the missionaries there-seven including myself—no other foreigner being present. The most honourable seats were given to us; and they expressed high admiration of the excellency of the missionary work, and the benevolence of missionaries." And in a subsequent communication he writes, "The Hai-hang, or Lord Mayor, requested in my hearing, that the missionaries would send a package of our

has been followed by hostilities betwixt | there, which has inspired them with the the government troops and these Caffre highest encouragement. A missionary tribes, in which, as was to be expected, of the Church of England, who has rethe former have been successful, and, after the slaughter of a considerable number of these undisciplined natives, it is believed that the warfare is at length brought to a close. It is a melancholy consolation, that all accounts of the origin of this contest which we have seen, whether from missionaries or others, agree in laying the blame of it entirely to the Caffres; who appear to have for some time shown so restless and threatening an attitude towards the colonists, that one of the missionaries resident among them, had shortly before, in a letter, stated it to be "very plainly his convic-tracts, and promised that, after reading tion, that, without a trial of strength, the them himself, he would distribute them Caffres would not rest, nor leave the among his people." It is stated, however, colony in peace." The occurrence, there- by the same missionary, that Amoy is fore, which led immediately to the inva- the least important place open to foreignsion, was but the opportunity, not the ers, in point of size, class of natives, and cause, of the outrage. Although several connexion with the interior; having bemissionaries were settled among them, yet sides the disadvantages of a difficult the chiefs and their people generally con- dialect, and a degree of local insalubrity, tinued far from God; and appear to have which, by deaths, or removals on account been recently receding still further. "I of sickness, has reduced the members of felt," says the missionary just referred to, the missionary families from above twenty "on contemplating their present terrible to seven, within the last year. He conopposition to the truth, to the converts, siders that, with its six missionaries, four and to the word and house of God, to- of whom have begun to preach in Chigether with the new vice of brandy- nese, it is already occupied to the utmost drinking, and the very bad state of the of its relative local importance. He furfrontier, through depredations of the bold-ther remarks, that the two northern ports est kind, that these people were rapidly of Shang-hai and Ning-po stand first, in bringing upon themselves, not only the the character of the people, in connexion wrath of man, but of God, and that their with the interior, and all or most of the destruction was drawing near." Happily, local considerations which render a misthe missionary brethren and their fami- sionary station important, on a large lies have been graciously preserved amid view of things. this painful and sanguinary excitement; having speedily on its breaking out, retired within the colony. But it was THE most recent intelligence from the feared that the destruction of mission American missionaries at Ooroomiah, in property would be very great. Caffre- Western Persia, brings us gratifying tidland is now destitute of the presence ings of a religious revival having occurred of christian labourers; and it may be a at that station; in which not fewer than little time before the missions can be a hundred and twenty had been brought renewed. under hopeful religious impression, and were giving evidence of their being turned from darkness to light. The details of this awakening we have not yet seen; but the fact has been explicitly an

CHINA.

Or the five free ports, Canton can only
be said to be partially opened to mis-
sionary work, so long as the hostile feel-nounced.
ing of the populace, and the exclusion
of foreigners from entrance into the city,
operate as a serious impediment to free
action. Amoy possesses a friendly popu-
lation; and its native rulers are not only
tolerant, but have given evidence of a
friendly feeling towards the missionaries,
of whom there are already six settled

NESTORIANS.

AITUTAKI.

FROM this island in the South Seas, a missionary, in a recent letter, records the striking effects of divine truth on the hearts of several young people, called away in early life. Of one of them he says, "she made rapid advance in the

divine life, and ripened for heaven. One and many of the rest sought refuge up morning near her death, she said, 'there the mountains; although these were is only one direction in which my rather the enemies than the friends of thoughts now go, and that is to Jesus. those of the inhabitants who had avowed I have visited the cross: there I have protestantism; but all were more or less been able to leave my burdens. Oh, involved in the devastation caused by how sweet are those words, "He bore their fanatical conquerors. Amid all our sins, and carried our sorrows." I these dark and trying occurrences, the have indeed been a Martha (this was missionaries encourage themselves in her name), cumbered about many things. their work, and look to those grounds I was not ready; I lacked one thing. of hope which remain for them. They Jesus was my anchor; Jesus is my have already three promising native refuge; Jesus is my all. My course is missionary labourers, and with the eye finished: I am now ready.' Soon after of faith see several more of similar prothis she died." mise coming forward to their assistance. Thousands scattered over a large portion of the country have had their attention strongly directed to the great fundamental points of difference between the pure gospel and their own corrupt and superstitious systems; and not a few have become convinced that they are wrong, and many are hoping and longing for a better state of things.

SYRIA.

THE American missionaries, stationed in Beyrout and Abeih, on the west of Mount Lebanon, persevere in their difficult and somewhat discouraging labours, in the hope that fruit shall yet appear to the glory of God. In the former of these stations, they find an almost universal spiritual death reigning around them. The Jews' society has one missionary Their audiences are usually attentive, in Beyrout, who is largely visited by the and they have not been without inte- Jews, who are constantly passing through resting cases of religious inquiry; but that town from all parts of Syria, as they have perceived no special influences well as from the European continent, of the Holy Spirit, and have had no ad- and has much opportunity of setting the ditions to the number of their commu- truth before them. One missionary, nicants. In the other station they have who was located in Safet, a little N.W. had opportunity of ministering both of the sea of Galilee, had been compelled spiritually and temporally to the pro- to quit it in consequence of the oppositestant refugees from the town of Has- tion encountered, his life having been baya, twenty to thirty miles distant, repeatedly threatened, while the gowhom the violence of persecution had vernor refused to guarantee his safety. compelled, a second time, to flee from Two others of the missionaries, who had their homes. After suffering much attempted a settlement in Hebron, but trouble from the adherents of the Greek had to relinquish the design, from not church, from which they had had the being able to procure a single room for courage to secede, the desperate warfare their permanent residence, have, notwhich arose betwixt the Maronites and withstanding, resumed missionary labour Druses extended to their neighbour- in Safet, in the hope that from one of hood, and suspended for a time the them being an Englishman, he might ministrations of the gospel among them. enjoy a larger share of protection from This warfare had nothing to do with the local authorities. In Jerusalem, the religion as such; but was wholly a strug-society has, in connexion with its misgle for political power and ascendancy sion, a college, an hospital, and a school in Lebanon, betwixt these two sections of industry. The visits of the Jews to of the inhabitants of that mountainous their missionaries are less frequent: two region, — the one being in profession adult Israelites made a public profession Christians, adhering to the Romish church, the other a people whose religion is neither christian nor mussulman; but its doctrines are little understood. In this contest the Druses had the ad vantage; and when the Christians of Hasbaya refused to submit to the terms offered them, and stood up for their own defence, they were ultimately defeated; about seventy-eight of them were slain, NO. XI. VOL. III.

of Christianity during the past year. The progress made by the students in the college has been very satisfactory: the number is not stated. The hospital has been extensively useful, notwithstanding the unabated hostility of the rabbies against it. Many of the sufferers relieved were pilgrims newly arrived, in a condition of almost hopeless destitution, who had expended all their sub

3 s

stance in the journey, and had neither committee feel that they have the strongthe means of subsistence, nor any source est reasons for persevering in the atof regular and honest livelihood, which tempt. A firman has been obtained is the condition of the vast majority of from the Ottoman Porte for the erection those Hebrew strangers who annually of an English church at Jerusalem, in crowd in great numbers to this city. connexion with the British consulate. The object of the school of industry is The Rev. S. Gobat, formerly a missionto train young converts in those habits ary of the Church of England Society of industry which are indispensable to in Abyssinia, has been nominated bishop the welfare of every people. The pro- there, in the room of the late Dr Alexsperity of this institution has, in common ander; it may be hoped that he will with that of all their missionary opera- continue a zealous and indefatigable tions, been much retarded; yet the missionary.

RELIGIOUS INTELLIGENCE.-DOMESTIC.

UNITED SECESSION CHURCH.

PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED ASSOCIATE SYNOD.

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a simultaneous one of the Synod of Relief, had been mainly appointed. The paper entitled “Scheme of Union," &c., drawn up by the joint committee of the two bodies, and sent down to presbyteries and sessions for consideration, was read, and the remaining part of the sederunt was spent in reading the reports on that scheme, and petitions relating to the same subject.

These reports and petitions, 147* in number, were divided into three classesI. Those in favour, generally, of the Union on the basis transmitted by the joint committee, of which there were 57.

TUESDAY EVENING.

The Synod met this day at eleven o'clock, and commenced their proceedings with devotional exercises, which were II. Those in favour of the Union on conducted, in conjunction with the mo- the basis proposed, but with certain moderator, by Rev. Messrs Brown, Cum-difications, which are recommended, of nock, and Knox, Ayr. An elaborate re- which there were 62; and, port on the mode of taking the votes, was III. Those unfavourable to the Union laid on the table by the committee ap- on the present basis, of which there pointed at last meeting of Synod, to take were 5. that subject into consideration. The report was read by Mr J. Peddie, the convener; but that the members might have an opportunity of weighing maturely its calculations, and verifying its conclusions, the discussion of it was deferred till next meeting of Synod. It was, at the same time agreed, that the report should be printed along with the minutes, and that, at the present meet ing, the votes should be taken in the manner prescribed by the rules of procedure, a strict adherence to which it is the object of the report to enforce.

The Synod then took up the question of Union with the Relief Church, for the consideration of which, this meeting, and

The Committee on Bills and Overtures having recommended that the report of the Debt Liquidating and Church Building Board, should be received at this sederunt, it was read by the secretary, Mr Greig. It was a very interesting document; and after stating what had been already done by the board, it concluded with some suggestions for carrying on and completing the good work in which they have been so successfully engaged.

* Other ten were given in subsequently to the making up of the digest.

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