A Treatise on Bracing: With Its Application to Bridges and Other Structures of Wood Or Iron

abutment ACTION IN CLASS amount angles applied bolts braced arch braced element BRACED FORMS braced structures braces being struts braces require BROUGHT INTO ACTION centre CHAPTER completely braced compressive strains considerable constructed crown curve depth diagonal diminish direction DOUBLE ACTING effect employed equal extrados featherings figure 49 form of bracing formula girder horizontal bracing horizontal thrust increase internally braced joints length Let figure line of pressures loaded arch longi longitudinal beams longitudinal member lower beam maxima maximum compression maximum strains METHOD OF BRACING mid-span number of systems pair of braces parabola piece pier Q planks PLATE BRACING points of support portion produced quadralateral figure represent resist resolved roadway shewn by Figures side span spandril strength sufficient Table take place tension tensive strain terminal braces tion transverse trenails triangle TRIANGULAR METHOD tube tubular tudinal member uneven loading upper beam vertical bracings vertical element voussoirs wrought iron