lines of Textual Criticism, a short, clear, and interesting statement of the main facts in a very inexpensive manual. Here, or in Scrivener's Introduction to the Criticism of N.T., or in Vol. I. of Alford's Greek Testament, will be found information respecting the less important MSS. sometimes cited in this volume. CHAPTER IX. THE LITERATURE OF THE GOSPEL. It would be impossible to give even a sketch of this within a small compass, so numerous are the works on S. John and his writings. All that will be attempted here will be to give more advanced students some information as to where they may look for greater help than can be given in a handbook for the use of schools. Of the earliest known commentary, that of Heracleon (c. A.D. 150), only quotations preserved by Origen remain. Of Origen's own commentary (c. A.D. 225-235) only portions remain. Of the Greek commentators of the fourth century, Theodorus of Heraclea and Didymus of Alexandria, very little has come down to us. But we have S. Chrysostom's 88 Homilies on the Gospel, which have been translated in the Oxford 'Library of the Fathers.' S. Augustine's 124 Lectures (Tractatus) on S. John may be read in the 'Library of the Fathers,' or in the new translation by Gibb, published by T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh. But no translation can fairly represent the epigrammatic fulness of the original. The Commentary of Cyril of Alexandria has been translated by P. E. Pusey, Oxford, 1875. With Cyril the line of great patristic interpreters of S. John ends. The Catena Aurea of Thomas Aquinas (c. A.D. 1250) was published in an English form at Oxford, 1841-45. It consists of a 'chain' of comments selected from Greek and Latin authors. Unfortunately Thomas Aquinas was the victim of previous forgers, and a considerable number of the quotations from early authorities are taken from spurious works. Of modern commentaries those of Cornelius à Lapide (Van der Steen) and Maldonatus in the sixteenth century and of Lampe in the eighteenth must be mentioned. The last has been a treasury of information for many more recent writers. The following foreign commentaries have all been published in an English form by T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh; Bengel, Godet, Luthardt, Meyer, Olshausen, Tholuck. Of these the works of Godet and Meyer may be specially commended. The high authority of Dr Westcott pronounces the commentary of Godet, "except on questions of textual criticism," to be "unsurpassed"-we may add, except by Dr Westcott's own. Among original English commentaries those of Alford, Dunwell, McClellan, Milligan, Watkins, and Wordsworth are or are becoming well known to all students. But immensely superior to all preceding works is that by Dr Westcott, Murray, 1882. Other works which give very valuable assistance are Ellicott's Historical Lectures on the Life of our Lord, Field's Otium Norvicense, Pars III, Liddon's Bampton Lectures, 1866, Lightfoot On a Fresh Revision of the N.T., F. D. Maurice's Gospel of St John, Moulton's edition of Winer's Grammar*, Sanday's Authorship and Historical Character of the Fourth Gospel, and The Gospels in the Second Century, and Westcott's Introduction to the Study of the Gospels, and Characteristics of the Gospel Miracles, and The Gospel of the Risen Lord. The present writer is bound to express his obligations, in some cases very great, to most of the works mentioned above, as well as to many others. It was originally intended that Dr Sanday should undertake the present commentary, but press of other work induced him to ask leave to withdraw after having written notes on the greater part of the first chapter. His successor has had the advantage of these notes and has made large use of them, and throughout has in some measure remedied the loss caused by Dr Sanday's retirement by frequently quoting from his work on the Fourth Gospel, now unfortunately out of print. *References to Winer in this volume are to Moulton's edition, 1877. ANALYSIS OF THE GOSPEL IN DETAIL. I. 1-18. THE PROLOGUE. 1. The Word in His own nature (1—5). 2. His revelation to men and rejection by them (6-13). 3. His revelation of the Father (14-18). I 19-XII. 50. THE MINISTRY. a. I. 19-II. 11. The Testimony. 1. The Testimony of the Baptist (i. 19—37) to the deputation from Jerusalem (19—28), to Andrew and John (35-37). 2. The Testimony of Disciples (i. 38—51). b. II. 13-XI. 57. The Work. 1. The Work among Jews (ii. 13—iii. 36). First cleansing of the Temple (13—22). Belief without devotion (23-25). The discourse with Nicodemus (iii. 1—21). The baptism and final testimony of John (22—36). 2. The Work among Samaritans (iv. 1-42). 3. The Work among Galileans (iv. 43—54). 4. The Work and conflict among mixed multitudes (v.—ix.). (a) CHRIST THE SOURCE OF LIFE (V.). The sign at the pool of Bethesda (1—9). The sequel of the sign (10—16). The discourse on the Son as the Source of Life (17— 47). (6) CHRIST THE SUPPORT OF LIFE (vi.). The sign on the land; feeding the 5000 (1—15). The discourse on the Son as the Support of Life (26- Opposite results of the discourse (60—71). (7) CHRIST THE SOURCE OF TRUTH AND LIGHT (vii. viii.). The controversy with His brethren (vii. 1—9). [The woman taken in adultery (vii. 53—viii. 11)]. CHRIST THE SOURCE OF TRUTH AND LIFE ILLUSTRATED The prelude to the sign (1—5). Opposite results of the sign (13-41). (8) CHRIST IS LOVE (x.). Allegory of the Door of the Fold (1—9). The discourse at the F. of the Dedication (22-38). CHRIST IS LOVE ILLUSTRATED BY A SIGN (xi.). The prelude to the sign (1—33). The sign (33-44). Opposite results of the sign (45—57). c. XII. The Judgment. 1. The Judgment of men (1-36). The devotion of Mary (1—8). The hostility of the priests (9-11). 2. The Judgment of the Evangelist (37—43). 3. The Judgment of Christ (44—50). XIII.-XX. THE ISSUES OF THE MINISTRY. d. XIII.-XVII. The inner Glorification of Christ in His last Discourses. 1. His love in Humiliation (xiii. 1—30). 2. His love in keeping His own (xiii. 31-xv. 27). Their union with Him illustrated by the allegory of the Vine (xv. 1—11). Their union with one another (12—17). The hatred of the world to both Him and them (18-25). 3. The Promise of the Paraclete and of Christ's Return (xvi.). The disciples and the Paraclete (12—15). 4. The Prayer of the Great High Priest (xvii.). The prayer for Himself (xvii. 1—5), for the Disciples (6—19), for the whole Church (20-26). e. XVIII, XIX. The outer Glorification of Christ in His Passion. 1. The Betrayal (xviii. 1—11). 2. The Jewish or Ecclesiastical Trial (12—27). 3. The Roman or Civil Trial (xviii. 28—xix. 16). 4. The Death and Burial (xix. 17—42). The crucifixion and the title on the cross (17-22). f. XX. The Resurrection and threefold Manifestation of Christ |