WERNER; OR, THE INHERITANCE: A Tragedy. TO THE ILLUSTRIOUS GOETHE, BY ONE OF HIS HUMBLEST ADMIRERS, THIS TRAGEDY Is Bedicated. PREFACE. advantage. Amongst those whose opinions agreed with mine upon this story, I could mention some very high names: but it is not necessary, nor indeed of any use; for every one must judge according to his own feelings. I merely refer the reader to the original story, that he may see to what extent I have borrowed from it; and am not unwilling that he should find much greater pleasure in perusing it than the drama which is founded upon its contents. HE following drama* is taken entirely from the " Ger- | story might, perhaps, have been developed with greater -man's Tale, Kruitzner," published many years ago in Lee's Canterbury Tales; written (I believe) by two sisters, of whom one furnished only this story and another, both of which are considered superior to the remainder of the collection. I have adopted the characters, plan, and even the language, of many parts of this story. Some of the characters are modified or altered, a few of the names changed, and one character, Ida of Stralenheim, added by myself: but in the rest the original is chiefly followed. When I was young (about fourteen, I think), I first read this tale, which made a deep impression upon me; and may, indeed, be said to contain the germ of much that I have since written. I am not sure that it ever was very popular; or, at any rate, its popularity has since been eclipsed by that of other great writers in the same department. But I have generally found that those who had read it, agreed with me in their estimate of the singular power of mind and conception which it develops. I should also add conception, rather than execution; for the * The tragedy of "Werner" was begun at Pisa, December 18, 1821, completed January 20, 1822, and published in London in the November following. The reviews of "Werner" were, without exception, unfavorable. One critique of the time thus opens: "Who could be so absurd as to think, that a dramatist has no right to make free with other people's fables? On the contrary, we are quite aware that that particular species of genius which is exhibited in the construction of plots, never at any period flourished in England. We all know that Shakspeare himself took his stories from Italian novels, Danish sagas, English Chronicles, Plutarch's Lives-from anywhere rather than from his own invention. But did he take the whole of Hamlet, or Juliet, or Richard the Third, or Antony and Cleopatra, from any of these foreign sources? Did he not invent, in the noblest sense of the word, all the characters of his pieces? Who dreams that any old Italian novelist, or ballad-maker, could have formed the imagination of such a creature as Juliet? Who dreams that the Hamlet of Shakspeare, the princely enthusiast, the melancholy philosopher, that spirit refined even to pain, that most incomprehensible and unapproachable of all the creations of human genius, is the same being, in any thing but the name, with the rough, strong-hearted, bloody-handed Amlett of the north? Who is there that supposes Goethe to have taken the character of his Faust from the nursery rhymes and penny pamphlets about the devil and Doctor Faustus? Or who, to come nearer home, imagines that Lord Bryon himself found his Sardanapalus in Dionysius of Halicarnassus? "But here Lord Byron has invented nothing-absolutely I had begun a drama upon this tale so far back as 1815 (the first I ever attempted, except one at thirteen years old, called "Ulric and Ilvina," which I had sense enough to burn), and had nearly completed an act, when I was interrupted by circumstances. This is somewhere amongst my papers in England; but as it has not been found, I have rewritten the first, and added the subsequent acts. The whole is neither intended, nor in any shape adapted, for the stage.† PISA, February, 1822. NOTHING. There is not one incident in his play, not even the most trivial, that is not to be found in Miss Lee's novel, occurring exactly in the same manner, brought about by exactly the same agents, and producing exactly the same effects on the plot. And then as to the characters-not only is every one of them to be found in Kruitzner,' but every one is to be found there more fully and powerfully developed. Indeed, but for the preparations which we had received from our old familiarity with Miss Lee's own admirable work, we rather incline to think that we should have been unable to comprehend the gist of her noble imitator, or rather copier, in several of what seem to be meant for his most elaborate delineations. The fact is, that this undeviating closeness, this humble fidelity of imitation, is a thing so perfectly new in any thing worthy the name of literature, that we are sure no one who has not read the Canterbury Tales will be able to form the least conception of what it amounts to. "Those who have never read Miss Lee's book, will, however, be pleased with this production; for, in truth, the story is one of the most powerfully conceived, one of the most picturesque, and at the same time instructive stories, that we are acquainted with. "Kruitzner, or the German's Tale,' possesses mystery, and yet clearness, as to its structure; strength of characters, and admirable contrast of characters; and, above all, the most lively interest, blended with and subservient to the most affecting of moral lessons." +Werner is, however, the only one of Lord Byron's dra mas that proved successful in representation. SCENE.-Partly on the Frontier of Silesia, and partly in Siegendorf Castle, near Prague. TIME.-The Close of the Yes, but not to thyself: thy pace is hurried, Wer. 'Tis chill; the tapestry lets through The wind to which it waves: my blood is frozen. Jos. Ah, no! Wer. (smiling). Why! wouldst thou have it so? Let it flow Have it a healthful current. All-all. Jos. Then canst thou wish for that which must break mine? Wer. (approaching her slowly). But for thee I had been-no matter what, But much of good and evil; what I am, [Werner walks on abruptly, and then approaches The storm of the night Perhaps affects me; I am a thing of feelings, And have of late been sickly, as, alas! Thou know'st by sufferings more than mine, my love! In watching me. Jos. To see thee well is much To see thee happy Wer. Where hast thou seen such ? Let me be wretched with the rest! But think Jos. How many in this hour of tempest shiver Beneath the biting wind and heavy rain, Whose every drop bows them down nearer earth, Which hath no chamber for them save beneath Her surface. Wer. And that's not the worst: who cares For chambers? rest is all. The wretches whom Thou namest-ay, the wind howls round them, and The dull and dropping rain saps in their bones The creeping marrow. I have been a soldier, A hunter, and a traveller, and am A beggar, and should know the thing thou talk'st of. Jos. And art thou not now shelter'd from them all? Wer. Yes. And from these alone. Jos. And that is something. Wer. True-to a peasant. Jos. Should the nobly born Be thankless for that refuge which their habits Needful than to the peasant, when the ebb Well? Jos. These were enough to gnaw into our souls) Jos. (abruptly). My son-our son-our Ulric, Jos. Lonely! my dear husband? Wer. Or worse-involving all I love, in this Far worse than solitude. Alone, I had died, And all been over in a nameless grave. Jos. And I had not outlived thee; but pray take Comfort! We have struggled long; and they who strive With Fortune win or weary her at last, Enjoy'd them, loved them, and, alas! abused them, Who knows? our son May have return'd back to his grandsire, and Wer. We should have done, but for this fatal sickness; More fatal than a mortal malady, Because it takes not life, but life's sole solace; By the snares of this avaricious fiend ;- Jos. He does not know thy person; and his spies, Who so long watch'd thee, have been left at Hamburgh. Our unexpected journey, and this change Even to our very hopes.-Ha! ha! That bitter laugh! Alas! Wer. Who would read in this form The high soul of the son of a long line? Who, in this garb, the heir of princely lands? Who, in this sunken, sickly eye, the pride Of rank and ancestry? In this worn cheek And famine-hollow'd brow, the lord of halls Which daily feast a thousand vassals? You Jos. Ponder'd not thus upon these worldly things, My Werner! when you deign'd to choose for bride The foreign daughter of a wandering exile. Wer. An exile's daughter with an outcast son But had my birth been all my claim to match Has done in our behalf,-nothing. All which it How,-nothing? Jos. Or worse; for it has been a canker in Or, if that seem too humble, tried by commerce, Jos. Whate'er thou mightst have been, to me thou art This rashness, or this weakness of my temper, Jos. Wer. [A loud knocking is heard. Hark! A knocking! Jos. Who can it be at this lone hour? We have Few visitors. Wer. And poverty hath none, Save those who come to make it poorer still. [Werner puts his hand into his bosom, as if to search for some weapon. Jos. Oh! do not look so. I Will to the door. It cannot be of import In this lone spot of wintry desolation :The very desert saves man from mankind. [She goes to the door. Here in the prince's palace-(to be sure, Wer. Jos. Oh, yes; we are, but distantly. [Aside to Werner. Cannot you humor the dull gossip till We learn his purpose? Iden. Well, I'm glad of that; I thought so all along, such natural yearnings Play'd round my heart:-blood is not water, cousin; And so let's have some wine, and drink unto Our better acquaintance: relatives should be Friends. Wer. You appear to have drunk enough already; You see I am poor, and sick, and will not see Iden. Why, what should bring me here? Wer. I know not, though I think that I could guess That which will send you hence. It may turn out with the live or dead body. Jos. And where will you receive him? here, I hope. If we can be of service-say the word. Iden. Here? no; but in the prince's own apartment, As fits a noble guest :-'t is damp, no doubt, Jos. Poor gentleman! I hope he will, with all my heart. Wer. Have you not learn'd his name? Intendant, My Josephine, [Aside to his wife. [Exit Josephine. Retire: I'll sift this fool. Wer. True, true, I did so; you say well and wisely. Gab. If I intrude, I craveIden. Oh, no intrusion. This is the palace; this a stranger like Yourself; I pray you make yourself at home: But where 's his excellency? and how fares he? Gad. Wetly and wearily, but out of peril: He paused to change his garments in a cottage (Where I doff'd mine for these, and came on hither), And has almost recover'd from his drenching. He will be here anon. Iden. What ho, there! bustle! Without there, Herman, Weilburg, Peter, Conrad! [Gives directions to different servants who enter. A nobleman sleeps here to-night-see that All is in order in the damask chamberKeep up the stove-I will myself to the cellarAnd Madame Idenstein (my consort, stranger) Shall furnish forth the bed apparel; for, To say the truth, they are marvellous scant of this Within the palace precincts, since his highness Gab. Perhaps. Iden. Now, how much do you reckon on? Gab. I have not yet put up myself to sale: In the mean time, my best reward would be A glass of your Hockheimer—a green glass, Wreath'd with rich grapes and bacchanal devices, O'erflowing with the oldest of your vintage; For which I promise you, in case you e'er Run hazard of being drown'd (although I own It seems, of all deaths, the least likely for you), I'll pull you out for nothing. Quick, my friend, And think, for every bumper I shall quaff, A wave the less may roll above your head." Iden. (aside). I don't much like this fellow-close and dry He seems, two things which suit me not: however, [Exit Idenstein. Gab. (to Werner). This master of the ceremonies is The intendant of the palace, I presume: "T is a fine building, but decay'd. Wer. Gab. I wonder then you occupied it not, Sir! Pray Excuse me have I said aught to offend you? Wer. The Imperial? In what service? Wer. (quickly, and then interrupting himself). II met in the adjacent hall, who, with I served; but it is many years ago, The Austrian. An air, and port, and eye, which would have better Iden. And that You say you were a He's poor as Job, and not so patient; but And I-nothing. Gab. That's harder still. soldier. Wer. I was. Gab. You look one still. All soldiers are Or should be comrades, even though enemies. Our swords when drawn must cross, our engines aim (While levell'd) at each other's hearts; but when A truce, a peace, or what you will, remits The steel into its scabbard, and lets sleep The spark which lights the matchlock, we are breth But how came he here? Iden. In a most miserable old caleche, About a month since, and immediately Fell sick, almost to death. He should have died. Gab. Tender and true!—but why? Iden. Why, what is life Without a living? He has not a stiver. Gab. In that case, I much wonder that a person Of your apparent prudence should admit Guests so forlorn into this noble mansion. Iden. That's true; but pity, as you know, does make One's heart commit these follies; and besides, Gab. If I mistake not. Poor souls! Ay, And yet unused to poverty, Whither were they going? Iden. Oh! Heaven knows where, unless to heaven Iden. 'T is here! the supernaculum! twenty years From out that carriage when he would have given Of age, if 't is a day. His barony or county to repel |