1 rottolo (of 180 drams) = 1.27 lb. av.

1 oka (of 400 drams) = 2·818565 lb. av.

1 cheky (oka)=4942-3503 grams Tr.=320-259 grammes. 1 alma or almud (liquid measure) = 1.14555 imp. gall. 1 killow (of corn) = 0.97 imp. bushel.

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1 pik or droá 26g Eng. inches = 27 inches (usually). 1 halebi or arschin (for land) = 27.9 Eng. inches.

Turkey in Asia has the same moneys, but the Smyrna piastre is at a discount, the exchange on Constantinople being at 110 S. piastre per lira.

It gives to London 3 mos' date S. piastres (130) per £1.

The metric system is in use since 1874, but there is a bewildering variety of weights and measures. The real unit of weight is however the dirhem.

EGYPT.

Moneys.

10 ochr el guerches = 1 piastre.-Introduced by the law of November, 1885.

100 piastres = 1 Egyptian pound.

40 paras 1 piastre.

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The Egyptian pound weighs 8.500 grammes 875 fine. 20, 10, 5, 2, 1 piastre pieces are issued in silverlegal tender to £2.

The Government receives English sovereigns at 97.50, napoleons at 77-15, Turkish pounds at 87-75, imperials at 79.45 piastres, with fractions for the halves. There is also an inland money called "corrente' a depreciated currency of the tariff piastre at a considerable discount.

دو

(1) £584. 8s. 101d., at 3 mos. 991, 3 mos. 95. Discount, 2 p.c., 3 p.c.

(2) £E.8340, at 3 mos. 100, 3 mos. 96. Discount, 21 p.c., 3p.c.

Unit 1 dirhem=47.66131 grains 3.0884 grammes. 1 Government cantar-98.0461 lbs.

1 common cantar = 99 lbs.

40 oke=108.94 lbs. (exactly)=110 (commercially).

Unit the Turkish pik of 27 inches.

The introduction of the metric system is decreed.

Abyssinia reckons in sequins (9s. 6d.) and borjookes (glass corals). 1 sequin = 6210 borjookes.

Large accounts are paid in gold (bars or dust) weighed in wakeas.

The Abyssinian rottolo of 12 wakeas (ounces) of 10 derimes = 4800 grains Troy.

The Gondar ardeb = 0·121055 imp. bushels, the Massowah ardeb=0.290532 imp. bushels, .. 10 Massowah ardebs 24 Gondar ardebs.

The pik (27 inches) is the unit of length.

The standard is gold based upon the legal rate £1 = 4·80$.

This gives $108 = £22.5. 1 dollar = 4s. 2d.

The Dominion has no coinage of its own except pieces of 20, 10, 5 cents in silver and some copper tokens.

English and American coins circulate freely.

Weights and Measures as in Great Britain.

Exchanges.

The bill stamp is-up to 25$, 1 cent; from 25 to 50$, 2 cents; from 50 to 100, 3 cents; above 100$, 3 cents per 100 or fraction.

There are 3 days of grace.

Course.

London is quoted 60 days' sight (demand) at a premium on the fixed exchange, $100 = £221 or $40

CANADIAN DOLLARS.

343

This gives $1 = 4s. 6d., and so the "par of exchange” is 8 inasmuch as the legal value of $1 is 4s. 2d.

New York is quoted at a premium or discount per 100$.

Chain for sterling value of 1000 dollars at par (i.e. 8 p.c. premium) remitted from Montreal.

Table for value of Silver Dollar at any Premium.

1. Find value in dollars of £875. 16s. 1d., at 6 p.c. premium. 2. Find value in sterling of $25186 72, at 5 p.c. premium. 3. Find value in dollars of £1000, at 10 p.c. premium. 4. Find value in sterling of $7125, at 71.

THE UNITED STATES.

Moneys.

1 dollar = 100 cents.

Gold and silver are both standards.

Gold is naturally at a considerable premium for inland exchange.

By the "Sherman Bill" the Government and it alone must coin silver, and to the value of not less than 4 million dollars per month.

The gold coins are the eagle (10$), and half-eagle (5$).

The eagle weighs 258 grs. Troy 900 fine (0·5375 oz. 900 fine).

Hence Mint price of gold is $20-67183 per oz. fine or $18.60465 per oz. 900 fine.

The chief silver coin is the silver dollar-it weighs 412 grs. Tr. 900 fine.

Its value varies with the price of silver.

Assay reports are in millièmes and halves.