(3) Given price of a series of quantities from a Weight or Measure. Reduce and decimalise the series in terms of the unit whose price is wanted. Decimalise also the price. Use Method of Approximation (Division). Example 1. Price of 324 is £731. 12s. 7d. 324 4.9.9 4 | 731-62916 Example 3. Price of 8 tons 13 cwts. 1 qr. 7 lbs. is £630. 5s. 10 d. 1. 851 things cost £720. 17s. 51d., find cost of 1. 2. 712 things cost £96. 18s. 4 d., find cost of 1. 3. 6313 things cost £325. 9s. 41d., find cost of 1. 4. 825 things cost £412. 15s, 7 d., find cost of 1. 5. 912 things cost £7315. 19s. 11d., find cost of 1. 6. 18 tons 7 cwts. 3 qrs. cost £840. 9s. 64d., find cost of 1 lb. 7. 273 gallons 3 qrs. 1 pint cost £95. 7s. 11 d., find cost of 1 gallon. 8, 2315 oz. 13 dwts. 11 grains cost £10000.118. 1d., find cost per oz. 9. 3125 qrs. 4 bushels cost £5610. 118. 4d., find cost per qr. 10. 737 yds. 5 inches cost £972. 88. 3 d., find cost per yd. METHOD OF FARTHINGS. 51 Note 1. The Retailer after deciding the cost per lb. etc. of any purchase has only to add the profit per lb. (etc.) or per cent. to get the corresponding retail price. Note 2. If price of retail-unit is so small as to fluctuate in 8ths and 16ths of a penny it is advisable to get the answer correct to 5 places and then by the Money-Decimalisation-Extension we can at once find price in 8ths or 16ths. Example. 7 cwts. at £10. 7s. 6d., to find price per lb. 7,8,4 | 10-375 | 01323 3 535 183 ⚫01323 5292 Hence by selling at 3d. there can be no loss, and of course still less so at 31d. If the dealer wishes to make 20 per cent. profit he would add to £10. 7s. 6d. before dividing. 1. Price per lb. if 15 cwts. cost £20. 5s. 6d. 2. Price per 3. lb. if 7 tons cost £60. 88. 9d. Price per yd. if 750 yds. cost £42. 8s. 4d. 4. Price per yd. if 1000 yds. cost £50. 5. Price per sq. ft. if 192 sq. yds. cost £20. 16s. 8d. 10. The Method of Farthings. Convert price into farthings and (if necessary) frac tions of a farthing. Multiply by the no. of farthings—mark off 3 places. Example 1. 824 articles at 2s. 7 d. each=127 f. 82400 16480 5768 104.648 4.360 £109.008 0s. 13d. Example 2. 1256 things at 51%d. each 21 f. 1256 2512 628 314 27.318 1.138 £28-456-98.11d. The difficulty of dividing by 24 may be avoided by using in succession the divisors 4 and 6 and crossing out the line derived from the 4-thus the above examples would appear in this form. If we were to adopt the decimal system of coinage which has been repeatedly proposed since 1838, viz. that in which the radical coins are the £, florin, cent, and mil, each being of the preceding and the sovereign being the Integer the calculation of prices is a mere matter of multiplication and moving the point. Reduce the price to mils (an instantaneous operation). Multiply by the no. of mils and mark off 3 places. Example 1. 824 articles at 1 fl. 3 cents 2 mils=132 mils. 82400 24720 1648 £108.768 METHOD OF MILS. Example 2. 1256 things at 2 cents 12 mils=213 mils. 1256 2512 628 314 £27.318 EXAMPLES. 1. 784 arts. at 2s. 3 d., 1s. 7§d., 81дd., 121 mils, 45 mils. 4. 3000 arts. at 76, 49, 731, 161, 325 mils. 5. 7125 arts. at 241, 1125, 657, 834, 104 mils. SECTION IIL THE ENGLISH SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. The Weights and Measures Act of 1826 (Jan. 1) enacted that 1o. The Brass Standard Yard of 1760 is the Imperial Standard Yard when at a temperature of 62° F. and from it all measures (lineal, superficial, solid) shall be constructed and the 36th part of this yard shall be an inch. The length of a Pendulum vibrating seconds in lat. of London in a vacuum at sea-level is 39-1393 such inches-this gives the means of estimating the standard if original is lost. 2°. The Brass weight of one Pound Troy of 1758 is the Imperial standard weight and from it all other weights shall be derived. It is to contain 5760 grains and the Avoirdupois pound 7000 grains. The weight of a cubic inch of distilled water is 252-458 grains Troy (Barometer 30 inches and Thermometer 62° F.)—this gives the means of recovering the Imperial standard pound if original is lost. 3°. The Imperial Standard Gallon (containing 10 pounds Avoirdupois weight of distilled water at 30 inches and 62° F.) is the standard measure of capacity for Liquids and Dry Goods. The weight of 10 pounds |