ar (ard) = one who, like-scholar, coward, circular. ary (ery, ory) = one who, place where, the thing that-lapidary, fernery, dormitory. ate = one who, having-delegate, curate, roseate. cle (cule) = little, small—icicle, particle, corpuscle. dom state of-freedom, kingdom. ee = one who, one to whom—absentee, assignee. eer (ier): = one who-engineer, financier. en = made of, to make-wooden, shorten, sadden. ence (ency) = state of being-absence, currency. er = one who (noun), more (adj.)—speaker, longer. escence, escent = state of becoming, becoming-putrescence, putrescent. et, ette, let · little—closet, coquette, rivulet = = hood state of being-childhood, manhood, knighthood. ie (ical) like, pertaining to-comic, practical, medical. ice that which-justice, notice, malice. = id= being, quality of solid, acid, timid. = ile relating to, apt to, puerile, fragile. ine =of, belonging to―feline, divine, feminine. ion = act of, state of being-session, donation, permission. ise (ize) = to make, to give-criticise, civilize, legalize. = ish to make (verb), somewhat (adj.)-publish, finish, foolish, girlish. ism = state of being-barbarism, fanaticism. 1st one who-florist, artist, botanist. Ite = one who-favorite, Israelite. ity (ty) state or quality of being-liberty, captivity, eternity. ive = one who, that which-native, captive, motive. ix = feminine-testatrix, administratrix. ling ment = little-duckling, lordling, foundling being, act of excitement, treatment. mony state of being, that which-acrimony, testimony. ness = state or quality of being-sweetness, cleanness. ock = little-hillock. = some full of, causing-gladsome, troublesome. ster = one who-songster, teamster. tude ule = being, state of being-multitude, gratitude, servitude. little-capsule, globule. ulent = full of fraudulent, virulent. ure= act of, state of-culture, fracture, creature. ward (wards) = in the direction of-windward, westward, backward. y= state of being, full of, having-infamy, misery, flowery, wealthy. TERMS. Orthoëpy.—The art of uttering words correctly; mode of pronunciation. Orthography. The art or practice of writing words with the proper letters, according to standard usage. -- Etymology. That branch of philological science which treats of the history of words, tracing out their origin, primitive significance, and changes of form and meaning. Vowel.-A letter which represents a pure vocal sound of the human voice. Consonant.-A letter which represents a sound of the human voice which is modified by the organs of speech. Surd or Aspirate.-A consonant sound produced by the breath. Sonant or Subvocal.-A consonant sound produced by the voice. Diphthong.—The union of two vowel sounds pronounced in one syllable; as, ou in out. Digraph. Two vowels or two consonants combined to express a single articulated sound; as, ea in head, or th in bath. Trigraph.—Three vowels or three consonants combined to express a single articulated sound; as, ieu in adieu, or ght in right. Silent Letter.-A letter which forms a part of the written word, but has no sound in the spoken word; as, k and e in knife. Equivalents. Letters or combinations of letters having the same sound; as, c (hard) is an equivalent of k; in the word beau, eau is an equivalent of o long. Word. The spoken sign of an idea, hence the written or printed character or characters expressing such a term. Primitive Word.-A word not derived from another word; as, man. Derivative Word.-A word formed from another word; as, manly. Compound Word.-Two or more words joined together by a hyphen; as, man-of-war. Syllable. A word or part of a word pronounced by a single impulse of the voice; as, la in syllable. Syllabication.-The act or method of dividing words into syllables. Dissyllable. A word of two syllables; as, classing. Polysyllable. A word of more than three syllables; as, classifying. Antepenult. The last syllable but two of a word. Root.-The root of a word is its radical or essential part; as, act in inactive. Stem. That part of an inflected word which remains unchanged (except by euphonic variations) throughout a given inflection; as, rest in rested, resting. Inflection. The variation or change which words undergo to mark case, gender, number, comparison, tense, person, mode, voice, etc.; as, short, shorter, shortest. Prefix. One or more letters or syllables combined or united with the beginning of a word to modify its signification; as, pre in prefix; for in forbid. Suffix. One or more letters or syllables added or appended to the end of a word to modify the meaning; as, er in banker. Accent.—A superior force of voice upon some particular syllable of a word to distinguish it from other syllables. Accent Mark.-The character (') placed above and to the right of a syllable to indicate that it should be accented. Diacritical Marks.-Marks used to indicate the different sounds of a letter. Homonym.-A word having the same sound as another, but differing from it in meaning; as, pair, pear. |