parted from Germany, and that God has given it to England. Last Sunday and Monday were great days with the Christians at Tanjore. It being rumoured that a friend of the late Rev. Mr. Swartz had arrived, the people assembled from all quarters on Sunday morning. Three sermons were preached in three different languages. At eight o'clock we proceeded to the church built by Mr. Swartz, within the fort. It is larger than your church of St. Mary Woolnoth. From Mr. Swartz's pulpit I preached in English from Mark xiii. 10, " And the gospel must first be published among all nations." The resident, and other gentlemen, civil and military, at the place, attended; and also the missionaries, catechists, and English troops. | rally prompted by the minister himself. sponse. And this custom is deduced from Ziegenbalg, who proved its use from long experience. After the Tamul service was ended, I retired, with the missionaries, into the vestry, or Swartz's library. Here I was introduced to the elders and catechists of the church. Among others came Sattianaden, the celebrated preacher, who is yet found faithful. He is now stricken in years, and his black locks have grown grey. After this service was over, the native congregation assembled in the same church, and filled the aisles and porches. The service commenced with some forms of prayer read by an inferior minister, inquire of each other, and attempt the rewhich all the congregation joined with loud fervour. A chapter of the Bible was then read, and a hymn of Luther's sung. Some voices in tenor and bass gave much harmony to the psalmody, as the treble was distinguished by the predominant voices of the women and boys. After a short extempore prayer, during which the whole assembly knelt on the floor, the Rev. Dr. John delivered an eloquent and animated sermon, in the Tamul tongue, from these words, "And Jesus stood and cried," etc. As Mr. Whitefield, on his first coming to Scotland, was surprised at the rustling of the leaves of the Bibles, which took place immediately on his pronouncing his text, so I was here surprised at a noise of a different kind, namely, that of the iron pen engraving the palmyra leaf: many persons had their ollas (leaves) in their hands, writing off the sermon in Tamul short hand. Mr. Kolhoff assured me, that some of them are so expert in this, that they do not lose one word of the preacher. And the sermon of the morning is regularly read in the evening to the schools by the catechist from his palmyra leaf. Another custom obtains, which I may mention. In the midst of the discourse, the preacher puts a question to his congregation, who respond without hesitation in one voice. The object is to keep attention awake, and the answer is gene As I returned from the church, I saw the Christian families returning in crowds to the country, and the mothers asking the boys to read passages from their ollas. At four o'clock in the afternoon, we went to the little chapel in the mission garden out of the fort, built also by Mr. Swartz, and in which his body now lies. This was a solemn service. Mr. Horst preached in the Portuguese language, from these words, "Ye, who sometime were afar off," etc. I sat on a granite stone which covered Swartz's grave. The epitaph is in English verse, and written by the present prince, who has signed his name to it, 'Serfojee, rajah." The organ here accompanied the voice of the multitude, and the preacher addressed the people in an animated discourse of pure doctrine. 66 In the evening, Mr. Kolhoff presided At this place is the church first built by Swartz, and called by him, "Christ's Church, Tritchinopoly.' It is about the size of yours; but the arches supporting the roof, are each twenty feet in length, and the pillars are only one foot two inches in thickness. At this station there are a great number of English, civil and military. On Sunday morning last I preached from these words, “For we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him." Dr. John, who followed me to this place from Tanjore, preached afterwards to the Tamul congregation. at the exercise in the schools; on which | ter from Tanjore; but I have not had occasion the sermon of the morning was time to conclude it. repeated, and the boys' ollas examined. In consequence of my having expressed a wish to hear Sattianaden preach, Mr. Kolhoff had given notice to the congregation, in the morning, that there would be Divine service next day (Monday) at the little chapel, at nine o'clock. Accordingly, the place was crowded at an early hour. There appeared more of a Divine unction in the assembly, on this occasion, than in any of the former. Sattianaden delivered his discourse with much natural eloquence and action, and with visible effect. His subject was, the "marvellous light." He first described the Pagan darkness; then the light of Ziegenbalg; then the light of Swartz; then the efforts making in all lands to produce light; and lastly, the heavenly light, "when there shall be no more need of the light of the sun, nor of the moon," etc. In quoting a passage, he desired a lower minister to read it. Sattianaden listened to it as a record, and then proIceeded to the illustration. The responses by the audience were frequently called for. They concluded with a fervent prayer for a blessing on the church of England. After service, I went up to Sattianaden, and took him by the hand; and the old Christians came round about weeping. He said, he was unworthy to preach before his teachers. The people asked me about Bengal, saying, they had heard good news from thence. I told them the news were good; but that Bengal was exactly a hundred years behind Tanjore. Mr. Kolhoff is a man of meek spirit, but of ardent faith, labouring in season and out of season. His congregation is daily increasing. When I was taking leave, he presented to me an agate snuff box, set in gold, which belonged to Mr. Swartz; also the Hebrew Psalms and Greek Testament of that venerable apostle. I intend to offer the Greek Testament to the Rev. Mr. Brown, of Calcutta. Soon after leaving Tanjore, I passed through the woods inhabited by the collaries, or thieves, who are now humanized by the gospel. They were clamorous for a minister, supposing that I could send them one. They have eight churches, and no European minister. Tritchinopoly, Sept. 6, 1806. I thought to have despatched this let Next morning a sergeant called on me, who said he had seen the heavenly light in the east, and wanted Bibles for the pious English soldiers. There is a great cry for Bibles in this country, by the native Christians and Europeans. Mr. Pohll, the German missionary here, told me that he could dispose of a thousand Bibles. I proceed from this place to Madras, where the Roman Catholics cover the land. Mr. Pohll tells me, that one of their priests, who was lately in this vicinity, preached the atonement with great clearness and force; in consequence of which he was removed by his superiors. I shall endeavour to find him out. Some of the Romish churches are very corrupt, mingling Pagan superstitions with Romish ceremonies. But it is yet true, that the Jesuits have hewed wood and stone, and drawn water for the Protestant mission. In my letter to you of last year, I wrote to you under the impression that you were about to retire from public duty. But I learn from Mr. Thornton that you are yet enabled to dispense the word of life. That this blessing may be continued to your people, is the prayer of, My dear sir, Your affectionate son, ON DOGS AND CATS. CRUELTY to animals is a reproach to any one, who is hard-hearted enough to give way to it. Little kindness can be expected from him who wilfully sets his foot on a cat's tail, or kicks an unoffending cur. But we may be opposed to cruelty, and yet be friendly to discipline; and I do think that a trifling attention in this respect to domestic animals would greatly improve their manners. Who can enjoy a meal in comfort with a dog's mouth on his knee, watching for every piece he eats, or with a cat rubbing against his legs, mewing aloud, as though she had been famished for the last fortnight? I am fond of talking with dumb creatures, putting such words in their mouths as I think they would use if they were blessed with the power of speech. Let me give an account of a fancied conversation that I held with some dogs and cats yesterday. I had walked à long way, and was both weary and hungry, when I came to a public house by the way-side, which had a trough of water before the door. On a board the words were printed, "Good entertainment for man and horse," so I thought to myself, this opportunity of getting a mutton chop, or a beef-steak, for my dinner must not be lost. In a few minutes I was seated in the little parlour of the public house, with a piece of cold roast beef before me. Being, as I said, very hungry, I felt thankful for such a seasonable supply, and ate of it heartily; but before my meal was half finished, a black pointer dog burst open the door by leaping against it with his fore paws; bounce he came into the room, and, seating himself right before me, looked up in my face with an expression which seemed to say, "You seem very comfortable, sir, and I dare say the beef is very good; if you have no objection I should vastly like to join you.' Our conversation went on thus. 66 Why, Mr. Blackskin, I am, as you say, very comfortable, and I should like you to be comfortable too, but I intend to pay for the beef that I eat, and it will hardly be fair towards your master, should two of us eat his beef, and he receive payment for only one." "That's all right, sir, but as I have got no money, and as you would not like, perhaps, to pay for both, I shall be content with a slice or two, and that you know will make but little difference in that large joint. Just one slice, sir, if you please, rather under done; cut it where you like, one part will do for me as well as another." Really! really! I hardly know what to say to you. It is your master's place to see that you are well fed; but, however, here is one slice for you. There! I hope you are now satisfied.” "So far from it that I think, if you will take the matter into consideration, it will appear unreasonable to expect that a big dog like me should be contented with so little a piece. It is very excellent beef; a slice cut from the same place, cut a trifle thicker, would be very acceptable. If you will take measure by my mouth, and the breadth of my chest, you will suit me to a tittle." "This will never do! I by no means feel comfortable at what I am doing. You must not ask me again. Here is one more slice, but it must be the last." Now, whether it was the scuffle made by the black pointer, with his feet, in catching the meat that I jerked with my knife from my fork towards him, or his smack that was heard in the kitchen, I cannot tell, but in an instant, a liver and white spaniel dashed into the room, and, seating himself by the side of his friend, by the expression of his longing eyes thus accosted me. "You seem to me, sir, to be a kindhearted gentleman, and you have got a capital joint before you. How long you may have been feasting my friend Blackskin I cannot tell, but as I am as good a dog as he is, and quite as hungry, I hope that, in a spirit of fairness, you will be as liberal towards me, as you have been towards him. Do not trouble yourself to cut it in thin slices, but give me my share in a lump at once. Do not hesitate; the knife is ready in your hand." It was all in vain that I assured him of the utter impossibility of my acceding to his request, inasmuch as I had already done my conscience some violence in proceeding so far, that it was altogether unreasonable to expect that two dogs and a man should partake of the beef, when there was to be but one paymaster--for he argued the point so tenaciously, that I was fain to compromise the affair, by giving him one slice in liquidation of all real or ideal demands he could have against me. But here I got myself into a double difficulty, for Mr. Blackskin at once contended that the slice I had cut was much thicker and larger than what had been bestowed upon him, while, on the other hand, Mr. Liver-and-white entertained an opinion quite the reverse, being satisfied that his slice must have been considerably thinner and smaller than the one his companion had received. It was a delicate matter for me to constitute myself judge and jury in a case in which my character for impartiality and justice was so deeply implicated; and how the affair would have been adjusted is uncertain, had I not been suddenly placed in a new position by the arrival of a fresh claimant, in the shape of a tortoiseshell cat. In she came, with her tail waving gracefully in the air; but perceiving at a glance how matters stood, she instantly half lowered her tail, at the same time raising the hairs on her neck and back to a degree somewhat inconsistent with the meekness symbolized by her velvet paw and furry skin. Taking precedence of the two dogs, and staring at me with her big round eyes, she thus drew me into conversation. "I will trouble you, sir, for a bit of the beef. Had you reflected for a moment, you must have been convinced that there was such a creature as a cat on the premises, in which case you would not have been so lavish with your favours on two ill-mannerly curs, but have reserved them for me. I have been a cat in this house for seven years, and if either pointer or spaniel shall dare to rob me of my rights I'll Here she turned round to the two dogs, spreading out one of her paws in a way that made them draw back a little. She was indeed on the very point of indulging, not only in hasty sounds, but angry deeds. Now, I abhor contention and strife, and to put an end to it, threw down a piece of meat to Mrs. Tortoiseshell, thinking thereby to avert the coming storm; but, alas, things were to go cross with me. Before the piece had disappeared, a half-grown tabby kitten sprang forward, and seizing the meat in the mouth of her mother, bore it a full half yard distance to devour it, making all the time that loud and rapid purring which in cats is called swearing. For this unseemly conduct not a single reproof did she receive from her mother. I had now Mrs. Tortoiseshell and "You will kindly remember that I have had but one piece," said the spaniel. "But that piece was much larger than the two bits that I had," observed the pointer; “and besides, I am much the bigger dog of the two." "Stand back; will you,' "cried the mother cat, “or I will put my private mark on your noses, for you have no business in the parlour at all-cats for the parlour, and dogs for the kennel, if you please." Το Saying this, Mrs. Tortoiseshell again appealed to me for a little beef, as her daughter had in a somewhat ill-mannerly way deprived her of what I had bestowed. Here Miss Tabby advanced a step nearer, with the firm determination that not one morsel should go into her mother's mouth while she remained in the room. At one moment I wished the whole group were a mile off, and at another, that I had the privilege of cutting away at the joint before me, for their benefit, till they were all satisfied. bring matters to a crisis, I cut four slices of the beef, and letting out one dog at a time, gave him his portion, taking care also that each cat had her piece. After which, ringing the bell, I directed the attention of the landlady to the joint of beef, telling her I had cut freely, and that she must charge me accordingly. Thus ended my adventure with the dogs and cats, and I left the pot-house with the full conviction that if it be a duty on the part of a guest to behave kindly to the domestic animals of the house he enters, it is a duty also on the part of the host to protect his guests from the annoyance I had endured. Also, as I passed a poor blind man at the door, and put sixpence into his hand, I thought to myself, that the beef might have been much better bestowed on him than the dogs and the cats: I hope I shall remember this another time. REBUKES. OPEN rebukes are for magistrates and courts of justice. Private rebukes are for friends; where all the witnesses of the offender's blushes are blind, and deaf, and dumb.- Feltham. CULTURE OF THE JUDGMENT. THE greater genius and power of memory any one possesses, the more careful should he be not to neglect the cultivation of his judgment.-Bengel. THE MUJELIBE. 66 The Mujelibe. THE Mujelibe was first supposed by Pietro Della Velle to be the Tower of Belus. This traveller examined its ruins, A. D. 1616, and he characterizes the mass as a mountain of ruins," and again, as a "huge mountain.' He is supported in his opinion by D'Anville, Rennell, and other high names; but none of them, except Kenneir, possessed any distinct information concerning the Birs Nemroud. The Mujelibe, or, "overturned," is one of the most enormous masses of brick-formed earth, raised by the art and labour of man. According to Rich, the mound is of an oblong shape, irregular in its height, with its sides facing the cardinal points. The measurement of the northern side being two hundred yards in length; the southern, two hundred and nineteen; the eastern, one hundred and eighty-two; and the western, one hundred and thirty-six. The elevation of the south-east or highest angle, he says, is one hundred and forty-one feet. The western face of the building is most interesting, on account of the appearance which it presents. It is a straight wall, that seems to have cased and parapeted this side of the magnificent pile. The south-west angle is rounded off; but whether it was so formed, or it has been thus worn by the NOVEMBER, 1841. hand of time, cannot be stated. On the summit, it is crowned with something like a turret or lantern. The other angles are not so perfect, but it is probable, they were originally thus ornamented. The western face is the easiest, and the northern the most difficult of access. Every portion of this mighty structure, though erected as if it would resist the utmost shock of time, has been torn by the rains, which here fall in torrents, with the force and body of water-spouts, in a terrific manner. The eastern face, particularly, is worn into a deep channel, from the summit to the base. The summit is covered with heaps of rubbish; in digging into which, layers of broken burned brick, cemented with mortar, are discovered, and whole bricks, with antique inscriptions on them, are not unfrequently found. The whole is covered with fragments of pottery, brick, bitumen, pebbles, vitrified scoriæ, and even shells, bits of glass, and mother of pearl. Dens of wild beasts (in one of which Rich found the bones of sheep and other animals) are very numerous among this ruin; and in most of the ravines are numbers of bats and owls. Yes, these mighty buildings, which were once, perhaps, the chambers of royalty, are now the haunts of jackals, and other ferocious animals, reminding us of the awful prediction of the prophet: 2 I |