into account in distributing the water, but every one is to get a supply in turn. If the overseers do not allow water to be taken in turn, the head-officer shall be fined six mohars. By obedience to the above rules Iswari will be pleased; by disobedience she will be displeased. Sri Sri Ugra Malla, Sri Sri Bhupatindra Malla, and Chautārā Dukhibhāgirāma have assisted in making this arrangement. The 15th of Jeth Sudi, Nepal Sambat 803” (A.D. 1683).

Rājā Jitāmitra Malla built the temples of Pashupati and Nārāyana, and erected many other memorials.

18. His son Bhupatindra Malla reigned 34 years. This Rājā built a Durbar with 55 jhāls, or windows, in one of which he put a small pane of glass, presented to him by a man from the plains of India1. This piece of glass was considered so rare and valuable that the Rājā placed it in the window as an object of wonder for the people. To the right and left of the principal door of the Durbar he erected stone images of Hanuman and Narsinha. He made 99 chōks, or courtyards, in the Durbar. In the Mula Chōk he placed a golden door2, and set up many images of gods; and in other Chōks he made tanks. In one Chōk, which he named Mālatī Chōk, he placed a window of sandal wood, and a stone with the following inscription. "In Nepal Sambat 817 (A.D. 1697)3, on the 9th of Phagun Sudi, having placed these deities in the Durbar, Sri Sri Jaya Bhupatindra Malla, and Sri Sri Jaya Ugra Malla Deva, of the solar race and of the Manava gōtra, assign the land named

1 The position of this pane of glass may be seen in one of the plates. Even at the present day glass is very scarce in Nepal, and only used by a few of the wealthiest people.

2 Very handsome, and still well preserved.

3 In the MS. originally 818, but corrected with a pencil.

W. N.

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Dōlkhā Khēt, consisting of seven rōpnīs, and another piece of land named Khāpi Khēt, consisting of four rōpnis, as guthi. From the annual income arising from these, Hanuman and Narsinha are to be each rubbed with one kurwa (1 seers) of oil, on the 9th of Phagun Sudi, the 9th of Asarh Sudi, and the 9th of Kartik Sudi, in every year. On the 9th of Phagun Sudi, Talēju (i.e., Turjā) is to be worshipped. On the following days worship is to be performed, and offerings made: on the Makara Sankranti, Basant panchami, Sivaratri, 15th of PhagunSudi, Ghōrā jātrā chaturdasī, Mēsha Sankranti, Rāma navamī, Kārtik chaturdasi, Akshaya-tritīyā, 14th and 15th of Baisakh Sudi, 6th, 10th, and 15th of Jēth Sudi, Ghanta-karna chaturdasi, 15th of Savan Sudi, Kaliyugādi, 4th and 15th of Bhadon Sudi, 9th of Aswin Sudi, Dēvālī, Sukharātri, 9th and 15th of Kartik Sudi, and Saptabrihi chaturdasī. The Rājā in The Rājā in person is to attend and assist at the ceremonies. The woman who prepares the articles of worship is to get a share of the offerings. The Acharya priest is to get 22 pāthis of rice. The roof of the Malati Chōk is to be repaired annually. The Awal (tiler) is to get 3 pāthis of rice, the Lōhar (blacksmith) 2 pāthis, and the Lōhankarmi (stone-mason) 2 pathis. It is the duty of the holder of the guthi to attend to the above."

Bhupatindra Malla built a three-storied temple, the length of which ran north and south, and placed in it, facing west, a Bhairava for the protection of the country, and the removal of sin and distress from the people. This Bhairava gave much trouble, and the Rājā in consequence consulted clever men, who told him that, if the Iswari of the Tantra Shastra, whom the Bhairava respected, were placed near him, he would be

appeased. He therefore, at an auspicious moment, laid the foundation of a five-storied temple, with a flight of stairs, and with images of lions, griffins, elephants, and Jaya Malla (and) Phatta. The pillars were of carved agrās (or sal) wood, and there were five stories of roofs. This temple is the most beautiful, as well as the highest, in the whole city1. In building it the Rājā set an example to his subjects by himself carrying three bricks, and the people brought together the whole of the materials in five days. When the temple was finished he secretly placed in it a deity of the Tantra Shastra, who rides on Yama-raj (supposed to be a Bauddhamārgī-dēvatā), whom no one is permitted to see, and who is therefore kept concealed?. After this the Bhairava became tranquil.

On the 10th of Jeth Sudi, Nepal Sambat 823 (A.D. 1703), at an auspicious moment, the Rājā placed a Chūḍāmani in the temples. At the moment that the foundation of the temple was laid, a Jyapu sowed some rice, and when he went to take it up, he found he could not pull out the plants, but had to use a spade to dig them up1.

The Rājā made kausis in the Durbār, and having built temples there, he placed in them beautiful images of Vārāhī, Kaumārī and Vaishnavi, on the 10th of Bhadon Sudi, Nepal Sambat 828 (A.D. 1708).

On the 3rd of Baisakh Sudi, Nepāl Sambat 827 (A.D.

1 This temple is really a beautiful work of art, covered with magnificent carvings in wood. A picture of it by a native artist forms one of the plates.

2 Even to this day.

3 The chuḍa-mani is a jewel worn on the top of a head-dress.

4 An omen showing the stability of the foundation of the temple.

5 A kausi is an open platform at the roof of a house, on which people take the air. Nepalese houses are not flat-roofed (as in India), but with sloping roofs and tiled.

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