auctore M. Jo. Frider. Nicolai, 4to. Jenæ, 1670. The compiler of this dull work never dreamed that the Persian words so called, which he endea vours to harmonize with the Arabic, were in general of Arabic origin, and only brought into the Persian language in consequence of the Mohammedan conquests. Indeed no harmony of the Persian and Arabic languages can ever be effected, as there is scarcely any similarity between them.

Thesaurus Linguarum Orientalium, Turcicæ, Arabicæ, Persica-non solum vocum tam simplicium quam conjunctarum copia maximum refertum, sed etiam innumeris phrasibus locupletatum.-Opera, typis et sumptibus Francisci à Mesgnien Meninski, Viennæ, 1680, 4 vols. fol. Second edition, fol. Viennæ, 1780, 4 vols. An excellent work-see it described in the BIBLIOGR. DICT. Article MENINSKI.

Dictionarium Arabico Turcicum, OVAN KOULI. Opus impressum Constantinopoli, jussu Imperatoris, an. 1728, 2 vols. fol. This work I have never seen; and give its title from De Bure.

A Dictionary Persian, Arabic, and English, by J. Richardson, F. A. S. of Wadham College, Oxford, 1778-80, two vols. fol. An excellent work, particularly for the Persian, and formed on the plan of Meninski's Thesaurus. As the first vol. or Pers. Arab. and English part was published separately, many more copies were sold

than of the second or English, Persian, and Arabic. A few broken sets of the first volume being left, the booksellers were led to reprint several deficient sheets, and so with the copies left on hand of the second vol. they made up some perfect sets. But these are easily known from the original, as they bear the imprint London printed by Rousseau, Wood-street, Spa Fields, &c. &c. 1800.

Scheidt F. Glossarium Arabico-Latinum Manuale, maximam partem e Lexico Goliano excerptum, 4to. majus Lugd. Bat. 1787.

A compendious Vocabulary, English (Arabic) and Persian, including all the Oriental Simples in the Materia Medica, Tables of Khaliffs, Kings of Persia and Hindostan, by Francis Gladwin. Printed at Malda in Bengal, 1780, 4to. with the beautiful Taaleek Types cut by Charles Wilkins, LL. D. F. R. S.

Lexicon Linguæ Arabicæ in Coranum, Haririum et Vitam Timuri, auctore Joanne Willmet, 4to. Rotterodami, 1784. This work is compiled chiefly from that of Golius, but with many very important additions. Though it states to be constructed only for the Koran, Hariri and Arabshah's Life of Teemoor, yet the Arabic student will seldom be at a loss for any root he may meet with in any other author. For the Koran it is peculiarly useful, as it contains not only all the words in that work, but refers also to the soorat and verse in which they occur. In Mr.

Kett's Elements of general knowledge, vol. ii. p. 514, edit. Lond. 1806. This work is mentioned thus: Lexicon Linguæ Arabicæ in Coranum et Vitam Timuri, 4to. 1784. And on 1 the next page the same book is inserted with the full title, but without the date, and recommended as an additional work to those mentioned before! But this is an oversight.

A Dictionary Persian, Arabic and Englishby John Richardson-a new edition, with numerous additions and improvements, by Chas. Wilkins, LL. D. F. R. S. 4to. Lond. 1806. This edition does honour to Dr. Wilkins; there is no respect in which it is not improved. The Orthography is reduced to a proper standard, a vast multitude of words both Persian and Arabic are added. The arrangement of some letters, particularly Ba and Pa, Kaf and Gaf, which were confounded in Mr. Richardson's work, are here properly distinguished and arranged, and the whole is beautifully and correctly printed in a convenient size, on excellent paper, and with the beautiful Nisk designed by Dr. Wilkins, and cut by Mr. Wm. Martin. The second vol. containing the English before the Persian and Arabic, is not yet printed.

It is said that Mr. Francis Gladwin, of Bengal, has published a large and much improved Persian and Arabic Dictionary, in which the words are illustrated after the manner of the Ferhung Jehangeeree, by quotations from the

best Eastern writers. Such a work from such an able Orientalist must be invaluable.

At Fort William also I find they have undertaken a translation of the Surâh, a very excellent and accurate Arabic Lexicon, in which the terms are all explained in Persian. This also when completed will be a valuable accession to our means of acquiring the Arabic and Persian languages.

PERSIAN Grammars.

Rudimenta Linguæ Persicæ, a Ludovico De Dieu, 4to. Lugd. Bat. Elzevir, 1639. The first work of the kind published. Annexed to this work are the two first chapters of the Persian Targum on Genesis, with the Arabic vowel points to facilitate the true pronunciation. It is generally found connected with De Dieu's edition of Xavier's History of Christ, and the History of Peter, printed by the Elzevirs, in the same year.

Elementa Linguæ Persicæ, auth. Joan. Gravio, item anonymus Persa de Siglis Arabum et Persarum Astronomis, Persice et Latine, 4to. Lond. 1649. This is in every respect an improvement of De Dieu's work by a man who was accurately acquainted with the Persian language.

Introductio ad lectionem Linguarum Orienta

The Fable of the Gardener and the Nightingale, from Saadee, is inserted with a literal English Version, and a short Analysis at the bottom of the page. The last eighteen verses of Matt. ch. 1. and the whole of ch. 2. are inserted with some short grammatical remarks. The Extracts which occupy fifty-seven pages, are all untranslated and the Vocabulary is rather more ample than that of Sir Wm. Jones.

A new Theory and Prospectus of the Persian Verbs, with their Hindoostanee Synonimes in Persian and English, by J. Gilchrist, 4to. Calcutta, 1801. This work contains much useful information: and whether the author's theory stand or fall, his Prospectus cannot be read without conveying instruction. The Persian grammarians make thirteen classes of verbs; inthis Sir Wm. Jones has literally copied them. Mr. Gladwin has departed from the cominon track, and made only eleven. Mr. Gilchrist has descended much lower, and reduced the whole to two. Those certainly who find that Mr. Gilchrist has proved his point, will thank him for his labours.

The Persian Moonshee, by Francis Gladwin, Esq. royal 4to. Calcutta printed, London reprinted 1801. The types used in this work, and whichre cast by Mr. Figgins, are in the finest form of the Nustaleek. The work is divided into three parts: 1. The Grammar properly sists of 106 pages, and comprises,