Eugenics and Politics in Britain, 1900-1914Eugenics, to quote the definition of the man who coined the word, Francis Galton, is 'the study of agencies under social control that may improve or impair the racial qualities of future generations either 1 physically or mentally'. Eugenists believe that the knowledge so acquired can be applied to the practical task of raising the level of fitness in the human race. Man, Prometheus-like, is at last acquiring the power to control his own genetic future. To carry on the eugenical work pioneered by Galton, a Eugenics Society is in existence at the present day. Its members, predominantly academics and scientists, hope collectively to influence government policies through normal pressure-group activities. But, however seriously they take eugenics, probably few of them see themselves as having a mission to save civilization from imminent collapse, or seriously expect that eugenics will shortly replace the programmes and ideologies of the existing political parties; nor would they present eugenics as a science of man that was making redundant all previous speculations in philosophy, history, and sociology. These, however, were precisely the aims and ambitions of those who formed the original 'Eugenics Education Society' in the winter of 1907-8. |
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Contents
Introduction Chapters 1 Intellectual Origins | 1 |
The Development of a Eugenics Movement in Britain | 2 |
The Issue of Racial Degeneration | 3 |
Eugenics Empire and Race | 4 |
Attitudes to Class and Social Welfare | 5 |
Eugenics and Party Politics 190814 | 14 |
Positive Eugenics | 74 |
Negative Eugenics | 92 |
Appendix | 116 |
Biographical Notes Notes and References Index vi 1 3 | 119 |
9 | 120 |
34 | 121 |
67 | 122 |
དྷརྞམྨg2 74 | 126 |
92 | 127 |
136 | |
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Common terms and phrases
American argued argument Arnold White believed Bill biological birth-rate breeding Britain British eugenists contraception Council Crackanthorpe criminals defective degenerate deterioration differential disease dysgenic E. J. Lidbetter EES Minutes environment Eugenic Reform eugenical literature Eugenics Education Society Eugenics Laboratory eugenics movement Eugenics Review Eugenics Society example existence F. C. S. Schiller families feeble-minded fertility Francis Galton genetic geneticists Haller Havelock Ellis Hereditarian hereditary Heredity human inherited insanity intelligence J. B. S. Haldane James Barr Jewish Jews Karl Pearson large number Lecture Leonard Darwin Liberal London Major Darwin marriage Mendelian Mental Deficiency middle classes motherhood National Eugenics natural organization paupers perhaps physical physique political Poor Law present Problems in Eugenics qualities R. A. Fisher race racial reform eugenists Royal Commission Saleeby scientific social reformers socialist statistical sterilization suggested theory thought tion Tredgold unfit W. C. D. Whetham Whetham & C. D. William Bateson wrote