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De, dis, di (Fr. dés, dé; Lat. dis, di, asunder, in two, difference, negation)::

In E.E. and M. E. the prefix dis has its N. Fr. form des or de.

(1) De-part, de-fy, de-lay, dis-cover, dis-charge, disguise, dis-honour, display, dis-turb, dis-please, dispute, &c.

(2) Dis-cern, di-gest, differ, &c.

(3) Deluge mod. Fr. déluge, Lat. di-luvium.

(4) The following are hybrids: dis-believe (= misbelieve), dis-like (= mislike), dis-own, &c.

E, es, ex (Fr. es, e; Lat. ex, out of, from) :—

(1) E-late, e-lection, as-say, es-say, es-cape, issue, especial, s-pecial, s-ample (= ex-ample), ensample, ex-amine, ex-cite, ex-cuse, ex-ile, a-mend (=e-mend), a-fraid (Lat. exfrigidare) a-bash = O.Fr. es-bahir.

(2) Ex-alt, e-lect, ex-ecute, ex-empt, ex-pect, &c.; ex-emperor, ex-mayor.

(3) Efface, élite (= elect), are from modern French. Extra (Lat. extra, beyond.)

(1) Extra-ordinary, extra-vagant.

(2) Extra-work, extra-freight, are hybrids.

Em, en, in (Fr. em, en; Lat. in, in, into, on) :—

(1) Em-balm, em-bellish, em-brace, en-chant, en-counter, en-cumber, en-dite, en-dow, en-gage, en-force, en-hance, en-join, en-joy, en-rich, en-tice, en-treat, en-viron, en-vy, &c.; an-oint, am-bush, im-pair, im-prison, il-lusion, in-cense, in-cline, inquire (en-quire).

Many words once beginning with en- now have in-.

(2) In-nate, il-lumine, im-migrate, &c.

(3) Hybrids are em-bolden, en-shrine, en-dear, &c.

In (Lat. in, not) :

(1) In-nocent, in-constance, in-fant, im-perfect (= M.E. imparfit).

(2) It is prefixed to nouns, adjectives, and verbs:(a) In-convenience, im-piety, il-liberality. (b) In-cautious, im-politic, il-legal, ir-regular.

(c) In-capacitate, in-dispose, il-legalize, im-mortalize.

Un often takes the place of in, as un-able, un-apt, un-certain, &c.

Enter, inter, intro (O.Fr. enter; Fr. entre; Lat. inter, intro, within, between) :

(1) Enter-prise, enter-tain, inter-dict (= M.E. enter-dite), inter-change (M.E. enter-change). (2) Inter-cept, inter-sect, intro-duce, &c.

Ob (Lat. ob, in front of, against):

(1) Ob-lige, ob-ey, oc-cupy, of-fer, of-fend, of fence, of-fice, op‐pose.

(2) Ob-ject, ob-struct, oc-cur, officiate, &c.

Per (O.Fr. per; Fr. par; Lat. per, through) :

:

(1) Per-ceive, per-form, per-ish, par-don, pur

sue.

(2) Per-jure, per-secute, pel-lucid, pol-lute, &c.

Post (Lat. post, after) :

(1) Puny Fr. puîné, O.Fr. puis-né, Lat. post natus. (2) Post-pone, post-date, post-script, &c.

Pre (Fr. pré; Lat. præ, before):

(1) Pre-cept, pre-face, pre-late, pre-sence, pretend, pro-vost, pre-ach (= Lat. prædicare).

(2) Modern formations are numerous: pre-dict, pre-cinct, pre-announce, &c.

Preter (Fr. préter; Lat. præter, past) :

(1) Preter-ite, preter-mit.

(2) Preter-natural, preter-perfect.

Par, pur, pro (Fr. por, pour; Lat. pro, forth, forward, before) :

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(1) Por-tray, pur-chase, pur-pose, pur-sue, purvey, pro-cede, pro-cess, pro-cure, pro-nounce. (2) Pro-vide, pro-pose, pro-consul, pro-noun. (3) Por-trait Fr. pour-trait.

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Re, red (Fr. re; Lat. red, re, back, again) :

(1) Re-bell, re-ceive, re-claim, re-creant, re-cover, re-join, re-nounce, re-member, re-pair, re-pent, reprove, re-quire, re-store, re-semble, re-treat, r-ally (Lat. re-alligare), re-n-der (Lat. red-dere), red-ound.

&c.

(2) Modern formations: re-probate, re-duce, re-act

(3) Re-but Fr. re-buter.

(4) Hybrids: re-build, re-mind, re-new, &c.

Retro (Fr. rière; Lat. retro):—

(1) Rear-ward, arrear, rear. Cp. M.E. arerage (arrears).

(2) Retro-grade, retro-spect, &c.

Se, sed (Fr. sé; Lat. sed, se, apart, away) :

R

(1) Se-ver, se-veral.

(2) Se-clude, se-parate, sed-ition, &c.

Sub, so (O.Fr. so; Fr. se, su, sou; Lat. sub, under up from below)::

(1) Sub-tle, suc-cour (M.E. socour), suc-ceed. suf-fer, sum-mons, sup-pose, sus-tain, so-journ, &c. (2) Sub-jection, suc-cinct, sug-gest, &c. It denotes (a) diminution, as sub- tepid; (b) of a lower order, as sub-committee.

(3) Hybrids: sub-let, sub-kingdom.

Sur, super (Fr. sur; Lat. super, above, beyond):—

(1) Sur-coat, sur-face, sur-feit, sur-plice, surname, sur-vey; super-flu-ous, super-scription, which occur in M.E., are directly from the Latin.

(2) Modern forms are sur-prise, sur-pass, surcharge, super-ficies, super-scribe, &c., summerset = Fr. soubre-saut, Lat. super-saltum.

Tres, tra, trans (O.Fr. tres; Fr. tré, tra; Lat. trans, across):

(1) Tres-pass, tra-itor, trea-son, tra-vel, traverse, trans-figure, trans-form, trans-late, transmigration.

(2) Trans-cription, trans-port, tra-dition, &c, are modern forms.

Ultra (Lat. ultra, beyond) :

(1) Out-rage.

(2) Ultra-liberal.

Vis, vice (Fr. vis; Lat vice, instead of) :— (1) Vic-ar.

(2) Vis-count, vice-roi, &c.

Bis, bi (Lat. bis, twice; bini, two by two) :(1) None.

(2) Bis-sextile, bi-ennial, bin-ocular.

(3) Biscuit is modern French biscuit, Lat. bis-coctum.

Demi (Fr. demi; Lat. dimidium, half):

(1) Demi-god, demi-quaver.

Semi (Lat. semi, half) :—

(1) Semi-circle, semi-column.

Mal, mau, male (Fr. mal, mau; Lat. male, ill) :—

(1) Mau-gre, mal-ady.

(2) Male-diction, mal-evolent.

(3) Mal-treat, mal-content.

Non (Lat. non, not):

(1) Noun-power impotence. Chaucer's Boethius, P. 75.

(2) Non-sense, non-existent.

(3) Non-chalance, non-pareil.

Mis (Fr. mes; Lat. minus, less) :

:

(1) Mis-chance (M.E. mescheance), mis-chief (M.E. meschief); (2) mis-fortune and mis-nomer are modern analogous forms.

(3) Més-alliance.

Pen (Fr. pén; Lat. pæne, almost) :--
Pen-insula, pen-ultimate.

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