7. They said: 'Whomsoever the birds shall choose, that man shall be king.'

8. All the best men approved of this plan.

EXERCISE II.

(The same, continued.)

1. So on a fixed day each of the two brothers took up a high position for himself, and watched the sky.

2. Soon Remus saw six great vultures; but a little while afterwards Romulus saw twelve.

3. The former said he ought to be chosen because he had seen the birds first.

4. But the latter, having seen the greater number of birds, claimed the kingdom for himself.

5. This made Remus very angry.

6. After assuming the kingship, Romulus built a low wall, only three feet high, round the city.

7. Remus contemptuously jumped over it.

8. Then Romulus pierced him through and through with his sword, and said:

9.

So perish every one who shall leap over the walls of my city.'

EXERCISE III.

(The same, continued.)

1. Romulus divided the citizens into three tribes, which he called the Ramnes, Tities, and Luceres.

2. The united people, when assembled in their assemblies, were styled Populus Romanus Quirites or Quiritium.

3. Each tribe, again, was subdivided into ten curiae, each one of which had a name of its own.

4. The curiae were composed of a certain number of

families, whilst each family was made up of individual members.

5. All the families of one gens were held to derive their origin from a common ancestor; hence they were called gentiles, and bore a common name.

6. Every true Roman had three names, of which the second indicated the gens to which he belonged, the third his family, whilst the first distinguished him as an individual.

EXERCISE IV.

(The Accusative, Transitive Verbs, Time and Place, Prepositions. See L. P. §§ 95-103.)

1. Romulus had

of inhabitants for it.

built his city; but there was a want

2. So he determined to draw to Rome needy and brave men from every quarter.

3. With this object he opened an asylum upon the Capitoline hill, between the two groves.

4. To this spot he invited from the neighbouring nations all restless spirits, whether slaves or freemen, and all who wished for change.

5. Thus a great multitude of men, good and bad, flocked together to the new city, and Rome had citizens enough.

6. Nearly all of these men, however, had lived rough and wicked lives, and were ignorant of all law.

7. So Romulus taught them obedience by severe discipline, and made them worthy of the city which he had founded.

8. 'Citizens,' said he, 'so long as you observe my laws, and obey me, our city will prosper.'

EXERCISE V.

(The same, continued.)

1. But though there were men enough and to spare, there was a scarcity of women.

2. Romulus asked the Fathers for their opinion. In accordance with their advice he sent messengers round to the neighbouring tribes.

3. Like all other things,' said they, 'cities spring from small beginnings: if men have valour, they will gain riches and a name for themselves.'

4. 'Let your daughters therefore wed our sons; neither valour nor fortune will fail their descendants.'

5. But some despised, others feared, the new city and its inhabitants by none were the envoys kindly received. 6. The youth of Rome took this ill, and resolved to take by force what they had been unable to gain by good will.

7. With this view, Romulus ordered games to be prepared as handsomely as possible, and invited people to Rome from all the towns about.

EXERCISE VI.

(The same, continued.)

1. At daybreak, on the appointed day, a vast multitude poured into Rome, being anxious to see the town.

2. Having first wandered through and admired the streets, they took up a position near the Circus Maximus, below the Palatine hill.

3. Here they watched the games for many hours, with

their wives and daughters, and were just about to depart, when a sudden tumult arose behind them.

4. For, at a given signal, the young men had rushed down among the spectators, and were carrying off all the maidens whom they could seize.

5. Then the strangers saw that they had been deceived, and sought to flee: but the Romans were superior to them in number and in strength.

6. Trembling in their limbs, and overcome in their minds with rage and terror, the maidens were carried off to the homes of their captors.

7. Unable to rescue them, their fathers hurried out of the city, asking the gods for vengeance, and sent ambassadors to the surrounding nations to complain of their wrongs.

EXERCISE VII.

(The same, continued. Use of Prepositions, etc.)

1. When a Roman was adopted into another gens, he assumed in full the name of the man who had adopted him.

2. To this name he added that of the gens which he had left, writing it, however, with the termination in -anus instead of that in -us.

3. Thus when C. Octavius Cæpias was adopted by the will of C. Julius Cæsar his great-uncle, he became a Julius instead of an Octavius, and bore the name of Caius Julius Cæsar Octavianus.

4. There was attached to every patrician house a body of dependents called clients: these termed the patricians to whom they belonged their patrons.

5. The client had the right of asking his patron for aid in any emergency: the patron was bound to protect his client, and to expound for him the laws.

6. The client, on the other hand, had to aid and obey his patron, and was bound to furnish him with money when called upon.

EXERCISE VIII.

(The same, continued.)

1. Distinct both from the patricians and their clients were the Plebs or Commons of Rome.

2. The Plebs were composed of the inhabitants of conquered cities, who were first transported to Rome, it is believed, by Tullus Hostilius.

3. As long as the patricians and plebeians remained politically distinct, the former alone, with their clients, were designated as the Populus.

4. According to the judgment of the consul Appius Claudius, a tribune of the plebs had no jurisdiction over any except plebeians.

5. The plebeians originally had no political rights : neither the right of voting, nor that of being eligible to public offices.

6. It was with great difficulty, and only after many years' struggle, that they gained for themselves the right of appeal against the decision of the consuls.

7. The former right—that of voting-was given them by Servius Tullius, when they were included in the classes; the right of appeal they first acquired in the consulship of P. Valerius Publicola.