delicate color suffused her face, and her voice took can only be obtained by a physician's inspection of à gayer and more musical tone. At last she the object. It is also evident that Mr. Ware gave laughed -- a sweet, ringing, girlish laugh, as free only the number of students wearing glasses, and from care as a child's — and Pierre started as if his not having seen them himself, many of them might ear had caught some magical tone. This was a be convex glasses, therefore not used by short-sightcreature more like his lost Hortense; that laughed persons. had lived in his memory these sixteen years. He In the German colleges, where weak sight is bent down his head, and laid his lips reverently and everywhere prominent, it became an object of eartenderly upon her hand.

nest attention to the government. In the duchy of We left the town the next day, and, to appease Baden, every school was compelled to send in a reCatherine's troublesome conscience, we travelled di- port of each scholar suffering from short sight; the rect to Rome, where M. de Forville had already result of which was, according to Schurmaver, that done what money and influence could do to obtain among 2,172 children, in fifteen lower schools, there for her the Holy Father's dispensation from her were 392 short-sighted ; that in the commercial vows, which she declared to be essential to her hap-schools, among 930 scholars were 46 short-sighted; piness. The whole case was so plainly one of fraud, while, in the higher schools, the proportion was very that the kindly old Pope absolved Sister Catherine unfavorable, being one fourth or one half of the without difficulty, and gave her, as a wedding gift, whole. This intelligence, however interesting, must a rosary blessed by himself, in place of the one she not be implicitly trusted, as it is based merely on had forfeited in the convent. We journeyed back report, and we agree with Dr. Szokalski, who to Paris, where they were married as privately as writes: “ It is much to be regretted that these inpossible, to avoid causing any greater scandal than vestigations, began so well, should have had so unwas inevitable. Since then, Madame de Forville satisfactory a result. Two questions present themhas plunged into the gayeties of the gayest city in selves to every one, - namely, in what do the causes the world, and bids fair to become one of the lead- of short sight in educational establishments consist ? ers of fashion. There is but one hope for her. Af and could the development be prevented by any ter I have been home to visit my friends, I am to re-change in the regulations of the schools? If an turn, to accompany them on a long foreign tour, academical dissertation is required to answer the which is M. de Forville's passion. Both of them questions, the knowledge displayed by the faculty is declare that I am as dear to them as a sister. sufficient, but this load of theoretical opinion can

My sole regret is that the Pope did not insist up-only serve to fill the mind of the reader, and that it on his beloved daughter, Madame la Supérieure, re- will suit the requirements of the students I doubt funding Sister Catherine's dowry of seven thousand very much. This is one of the errors into which pounds.

they have fallen in Baden, Saxony, and Bavaria. Instead of closely examining the peculiarities in the

colleges, instead of examining and proving the cusMYOPE.

toms and habits of the scholars, they have invented Just fifty-five years ago — namely, in November, ideas of cross light, and of the small print of books, 1812 – Mr. James Ware, F. R. S., published the which would sound well in a pamphlet on the treatresult of his inquiries as to the number of short- ment of the eyes, but can have little to do with the sighted persons in different grades of society. matter in hand, the proof being that myopy has not

Among ten thousand soldiers belonging to three abated in the establishments visited." If we acregiments of infantry, he ascertained that short knowledge the truth of this, we must feel surprised sight was almost unknown; that during twenty that Dr. Szokalski did not himself undertake an exyears there had not been six soldiers discharged on amination of the children's eyes, or of the school account of that infirmity, nor six recruits turned regulations, when he had such abundant inaterial in back as disqualified by it. In the military schools at Paris. In 1848, he says: " I reside in the vicinity Chelsea, containing in all one thousand three hun- of several large establishments and many young dred children, be found that no complaint had at people are brought to me suffering from the eyes. any time been made of weak sight, until he called They are principally short-sighted from excessive exattention to the subject; and then only three de- ertion; and rest, and a few soothing remedies, getclared that they experienced any inconvenience from erally serve to lessen the inflammation, but the eyes it. At the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, remain short-sighted, a return to amblyopia (weak the number of spectacles in use was considerable, as sight) being only obviated by the use of well-chosen in a list of one hundred and twenty-seven under-glasses. The frequency of these cases drew my atgraduates, obtained by Mr. Ware from one college tention to the presence of myopy in the school, and in Oxford, not fewer than thirty-two wore glasses. I found that among 807 scholars attending the Cok Mr. Ware adds; "it is possible that many might ab- lege Charlemagne there numbered 89 short-sighted stain from this use werc it not so fashionable. Un persons ; among 170 pupils of the College Louis le fortunately, we do not know what investigations Grand, 25. This result was surprising, as among were made among the boys in the schools at Chel- 6,300 children in the elementary schools of the subsea, nor what were the arrangements of the schools.urbs of Paris, there was not one child short-sighted, The result is certainly highly gratifying, but it can- nor among the young pupils of the mercantile Quar not be considered as approaching accuracy, since tier du Temple was this failing encountered." The Mr. Ware did not himself examine the children's point provoking dispute is the latter communication, eyes, having merely calculated the number of chil- since it is scarcely credible that among 6,300 children dren who complained of weak sight. When it ex- there should not be one short-sighted, as from scroftends only to a certain degree, this evil may escape ulous tendencies some few must have appeared the sufferer; while, on the other side, a previous in- short-sighted to the master, even if nothing could flamination, or other disease of the eye, inight mislead be detected in the eye. Or are these cases a careless observer. Children's assertions are not to served? The report of the College of Louis le be relied upon, and a scientific and accurate report Grand is important, inasmuch as Dr. Szokalski 000

Saturday

ducted the investigation personally; but it is scarcely forms of irregular sight the 1,730 weak-sighted perjust to compare this establishment with the College sons with whom we must now occupy ourselves, de Charlemagne, as the numbers in the latter are cal- were suffering. Such a calculation appears especulated from the first to the sixth class; whereas in cially important, as it throws light upon the frequency the College Louis le Grand they are calculated from of the different diseases, not only among eyes seekthe third to the first, which alters the proportion. ing exterior help, but among 10,060 persons ranging Further, the distances at wbich short sight begins from the age of five to twenty. We now find that are not given. Did Dr. Szokalski give a wide range, of those suffering from short sight and refraction of or a narrow one, attained without difficulty ? the eyes (ametropy and astigmatic), there are 1,334,

Professor Von Jager has distinguished himself while of those having long sight, hereditary weakabove all his predecessors by his use of the mirror ness, or weakness arising from former disease, there invented by Helmholtz, by which means the labor were 396 ; so that here is conclusive evidence that of inspection is somewhat lightened. He started in youth myopy is twelve times more frequent than with the idea that in order to obtain a correct result, long sight, and six to seven times more frequent be must accept no help from the child-subject, and than hyperopia and strabismus, or oblique sight. In he decided by use of the glass, without any proof by some classes there was no short sight; out of the reading, whether the child had a healthy, short, or 166 classes inspected there were eleven such, but in long sight. There is no doubt that the diagnosis of the higher schools there were none without myopy, short or long sight may be ascertained by the mirror and in every school the number of short-sighted alone, and that, by an elaborate use of it, the degree scholars increased with the advancement of the of irregular sight may be reached ; yet some mis- class. For although some of the first classes contakes will occur Jager examined the eyes of full tain fewer short-sighted persons, yet it must be regrown individuals in various conditions of life, as membered that the upper class comprehends fewer well as the children in the educational establish- pupils, as, after the termination of the years allotted ments in Vienna, and the population of the neigh- by government to education, the parents often withboring villages, in order to find out the influence of draw their children from school, even if they have various modes of life and occupations upon the eye- not entered the first class. Were the class better sight. In the summer of 1865, Professor Rute com- attended the proportion would be great. menced an examination of the children of the free Any one who has good eyes knows that a manuschools and benevolent institutions of Leipzic with script which he can read perfectly at the distance the co-operation of Dr. Schroter and Dr. Dietz. of three feet, can also be read as he brings it nearer The information given is perfectly accurate, pro- and nearer to the eye, until only a distance of three ceeding as it does from a professional optician ; but inches intervenes. At three inches' distance, readit must be remembered that it was not the 2,514 ing becomes difficult, and at two hardly possible. children who were examined, but only the 213 chil- A change has taken place in the interior of the dred pronounced by the teachers to be suffering. eye, attended by a certain effort, to obtain this near The degree of myopy is also withheld.

sight: from optical reasons the pupil must make a It appears, then, that no examinations have been | larger curve in order to throw a picture of the obstrict enough to fix the acuteness of light, even with ject so close to the eye on the retina. This exthe aid of the modern optical instruments, nor has treme convexity of the pupil is contrived by the the number of children examined been large enough action of a muscle at the back of the eye, called the to render small inaccuracies unimportant, until Dr. accommodation muscle. For distant sight it is inHermann Cohn* accomplished both, by the person- active, as the pupil requires only the ordinary genal inspection of the eyes of ten thousand and sixty tle curve. But if that muscle is acted upon, a scholars in the winter of 1865 – 66. Dr. Cohn's pressure at the back is felt; consequently, the most method was to place each child, during the hours compliant part of the soft young skin at the back of study, with the back towards the window on a of the eye is distended, and the axis of the eye bright morning, the desk, on which was raised a lengthened. If, then, the use of near sight is prosheet printed especially for the purpose, being at the longed, if the pupil has not time to return to a level, distance of four feet opposite. The name of the schol- if the muscle cannot repose, the continued effort ar who could not read the single words and numbers will end in short sight. And it is not alone by this easily at the given distance was then noted ; and, af- forced exertion, but also by the over-abundance of ter this preliminary trial, he had to undergo inspec- blood in the veins of the retina, that the interior tion either in a light room, or else with the aid of a of the ball is enlarged. Such an overflow is generside light, or an eye-mirror. In this manner were ex-ally produced by the return of the blood from the aniined five village schools in Langenbielau, twenty eyes having been arrested. This may be caused by elementary schools, two girls' schools, two commercial the forward inclination of the head, and will infallischools, and four colleges in Breslau ; and, from the bly lead to myopy. As it is, then, undoubtedly a tables given, we learn that, among 10,060 children, fact that long attention to an object placed close to 1,730 were of defective sight, — that is, the astound- the eye, the head being bent down, will render a ing proportion of 17 to 1. In the category, the healthy eye short-sighted, we arrive at the considnumber increases with the demands made upon the eration whether the furniture of the schools has eye. Thus, in the village schools, among 1,486 chil anything to do either in hurting or repelling myopy. dren, were 78 weak-sighted; in the city elementary In the thirty-three schools visited by Dr. Herschools, among 4,978 children, 733 ; in the commer-mann Cohn, not one had made any provision in the cial schools, among 426 children, 8: in the girls' height and breadth of the forms and desks for the schools, among 834 children, 183; in the colleges, growth of the child in different classes ; and from among 2,336 children, 654. Before proceeding fur- this circumstance alone they would be injurious to ther, it is necessary that we should know under what the children's eyes, since it is impossible that a

child three feet and a half in height and a man of • Untersuchungen der Augen. Von Hermann Cohn, Med. et Philos. Dr. Augenarzt in Breslau.. Leipzic : Friederich Fleischer.

six feet can use the same form and desk in writing London: Williams and Norgate.

without much discomfort to one or other. The higher the desk, the nearer must the eye of the ment of light, has yet been invented. The only child be brought to it; therefore the greater the method, therefore, was to establish a table of quesdifference between the form and the desk the greater tions: How many windows are there to the right of must be the excitement of the interior of the eye the scholars? How many to the left? How many in while reading. In order that no uncomfortable front? How many at the back? Are the windows effort of the eye may be felt, the paper or slate to the east, west, north, or south? Of what color are should be one foot and a quarter or one foot and a the walls? How high are the houses opposite? half from the cye, – that is, the distance from the How many feet are they distant? How high are eye to the elbow. If, through the great difference the windows, and how broad? In which floor is the of the form and desk the latter should be too tall, schoolroom? The answer to one of these questions the writing hand will be brought too close to the would not suffice, but from the answer of all we can eye, – a position detrimental to a proper deport-arrive at an accurate conclusion. We have seen ment, as the body now hangs to the arm instead of how, by continued use of near sight, or by the forthe arın to the body. Another point of the utmost ward inclination of the head, short sight may be importance is the horizontal distance of the desk brought on or augmented; and we now find that and seat, which occasions by faulty width a still the daylight admitted into the schoolrooms is in more fatal approximation of the eyes and the writing. many cases so insufficient that it obliges the eyes to It is clear that the greater the space between the be brought close to the paper and the head to be form and the desk, the more must the body of the bent, and may therefore be one cause of myopy. child be thrown forward, and the nearer must the From Dr. Cohn we discover that not less than one head be to the paper. While eating, we instinc-hundred and six windows in forty-three classes tively draw the chair so that the edge of the table were to the right of the children, and, as is univeris perpendicular with the foremost legs of the chair, sally known, the shadow of the hand must then fall or, if possible, an inch beyond; but in all schools upon the paper, necessitating a considerable apthe forms are fixed immovably in such a manner as proach of the eyes to trace the black ink upon to allow the children to pass between them and the a dark ground. Again, if the windows are before the desks, and to stand up while saying their lessons, children, the shadows cast by the heads of the ocso that the distance varies from five to nine inches, cupants of the first rows darken the room to the and is never negative. Comparatively, the desks in others; but these are only found in two classes. village schools are narrowest, as they are from five When windows are built, on the contrary, both to six inches ; further we see that in the villages on the front and side, they assist in illuminating the alone do foot-boards exist, so that in every other room, but they distress the scholars seated immecase the floor of the room must be considered as diately underneath, as it is almost impossible in such the support of the child's body; and, in order that a dazzling light to distinguish a letter upon paper. the child may sit comfortably, the form should be | The most unfavorable combination of light, then, is the height of the lower part of the leg. This, how that from the front and the right. Light from front ever, has, with the exception of some of the upper and back is not sufficient, and is not to be recomclasses, been nowhere contrived. During the many mended, the best light coming from the left alone. hours of writing, therefore, when the child cannot Light from the front somewhat paralyzes the sight, allow its feet to dangle in the air, it must press for- but light from the back, as well as from the left, is ward and stretch out its lower limbs to reach the not in any way injurious. As to the aspert of the ground with the points of its toes, thus bringing the windows, it is obvious that those with a southern head near the paper, and playing into the hands of aspect must have ten times as much light as those myopy. If this position becomes irksome, there re- looking north. The best light will always come mains nothing for the unhappy child but to perch from east and south, the rays of the moruing sun on the edge of the form instead of sitting upon it, giving warmth, while any excessive light can be

- a posture which soon fatigues, and causes a re- moderated by the use of blinds. Western windows turn to the old pernicious habit.

have the objection, that the afternoon study is Without bending forward the head we cannot short. read in a book lying vertically before us; but if the The sixth question is, of all others, calculate i to book is placed in an angle even of two inches, we bear an influence on the evil we discuss. We have can read easily, for the eyes then fall upon it with- ascertained that myopy increases from school to out altering the position of the head. Hence we school; and were we to refer to the height and conclude that for writing purposes the desk should propinquity of surrounding buildings, we should see not be level, but have an incline of two inches. that the broader the street in which the school Turning to statistics, we find that in the classes stands, the lower the buildings facing it, or thre visited seventy-three had horizontal tables, while higher the floor in which the room is situater), the those of the remaining ninety-three had a slope of smaller will be the number of short-sighted pwruns one half to three inches. Dr. Hermann Cohn also On the other hand, the narrower the street in gives the space allotted to each child, the breadth which the school is built, the higher the opposite of the desks, the size of the shelves for books, and houses, the lower the floor in wbich the class is beid. the rests for the back. These have only an indirect the greater will be the extent of myopy. And this influence on the eyes being connected with the is not found in two or three schools only, but is the comfort in sitting, but we have still one important result of an inspection of thirty-three school in point, - namely, light.

which the increase of short-sightedness exactly w It is well known that in proportion as the light responded with the narrowness of the streets. This diminishes in a room, the writing must be brought is a fact demanding the attention of all interested nearer and nearer to the eye; it is therefore of in the welfare of children ; since it is not a esse in great importance to ascertain the degree of daylight which injury may be done to them, but one in received into each room, and to compare it with which it has been clearly proved to have bera de the number of short-sighted persons. Unfortunate already. It is expedient that in building new iy, no plotoweter, or instrument for the measure-schools, such a spot should be chosen that the en

Saturday

tion of new buildings may not at any time deprive three flowers in the form of swords in a field of the inmates of light. Many schools are so dark, / azure (viz. a blue shield with three golden fleursthat in the early morning and afternoon reading de-lys upon it), in sign of everlasting trouble to beand writing must be postponed, which is a breach fall him and his successors; a melancholy fate, which of all discipline; but through the opening of new the patriotism of Master Gerard Leigh, a herald of windows, or enlarging the present ones, the greater Queen Elizabeth's time, discovers to be by way of number of the class-rooms might be made habitable. retribution "for rebelling against their natural liege The ground floor also in a street is by no means lords, the kings of England," — an accusation he adapted for study. Too much light can never be would find it hard to sustain against Clovis, the conhad in a schoolroom, and as it will be long before temporary of the earliest founders of the Saxon we adopt the American plan of a glass roof, the heptarchy. The fact, however, seems to be this, windows should be at least a hundred inches high that the similarity between the words “ Lys" and and sixty inches broad. At such a window as this “Louis ” led to the adoption by Louis VII. of a twenty children may be placed, thus giving three conventional representation of his namesake flower hundred square inches of glass to each child. as his badge, a figure already familiar from its use

The color of the walls is also material, since in classical and Christian art, to surmount pinnacles, white oppresses the eye, and dark gray absorbs too sceptres, and sword-hilts, to besprinkle embroidered much light and reflects too little. Walls should garments, or fasten them as a buckle; and that subtherefore be painted of a light gray.

sequently the arms of the later Louis were traditionally referred to the founder of the Frank mon

archy, whose name was only the earlier form (before THE FLEUR-DE-LYS.

the initial C was dropped) of the denomination so “ The lilies toil not, neither do they spin,” was popular in the successive royal families of France. the vainglorious motto of the ancient kings of So completely was the fleur-de-lys considered to be France; from the device which Louis VII. (Le identified with the regal insignia of France, that Jeune) first placed upon his seal, in reference possi-Guillim expresses his regret that a figure once so bly to the abbey of Fleury, the favorite retreat of honored should, by tract of time, have become a the French kings, the burial-place of his grand more vulgar (i. e. common) bearing; “even as father, Philip I.”

purple was in ancient times a wearing only for Our quaint authority upon heraldry, who wrote princes, wbich now hath lost that prerogative under the name of Guillim, demurs slightly to the through custom." identification of the lily with the fleur-de-lys; but The fleur-de-lys does not figure in English poliadds, that a quibble was founded upon this motto in tics until the tenth year of Edward III., A.D. 1340. support of the salic law, which debarred females When claiming the crown of France in right of his from succeeding to the crown of France, as if it mother, he quartered his shield, and placed the blue were meant to exclude the spinster part of creation field, powdered or sprinkled with golden fleurs-deonly from the honors of the lily.

| lys, in juxtaposition with the three lions of England At any rate, the figure identified with Frank sov- on the red ground; hence the royal livery of red ereigns has given occasion for much ingenuity and and blue worn by our soldiers and official personample diversity of conjecture. It has been called ages. In the year 1365, Charles V. of France, in a monogram or capital letter, the head of a spear, a accordance with the more formal heraldic fashions buckle, the finial of a spire. Nay, the ingenious of his day, reduced the number of fleur-de-lys upon malice of English heralds discovered that three his shield and banner to three, a variation prompttoads were the original arms of France; and this ly followed by our Henry IV. It is thus that they statement was absurdly paraded within the last few usually appear on the seals of the Plantagenet, Tuyears by a fanatic who desired to prove that the dor, and Stuart princes, and the earlier kings of the present emperor was typified by the beast mentioned house of Hanover; and thus they are to be found in in the sixteenth chapter of the Revelation, out of many beautiful examples of architectural ornament whose mouth came frogs.

| in the edifices of the Middle Ages. The form of this ornament is so graceful, and The causes which led to the disappearance of the capable of being adapted with so much ease to fleur-de-lys from the royal arms in 1801, were briefarchitectural or embroidered decoration, that it ly these. It was desirable to show some mark of must be familiar to most of our readers ; and those sympathy with the exiled king of France, then rewho remember the old-fashioned lily, to be found in siding in this country, and, as the union with Irethe forrnal gardens of our youthful associations, will land rendered a rearrangement of the national inbe able to judge of its likeness to that upright stem signia necessary, it seemed a suitable occasion to crowned by a flower mitre-shaped in the centre, disuse a portion of them, which only conveyed an but curving back in its side leaves almost to the empty menace to the family of Bourbon, - all idea shape of the letter M in mediæval alphabets. It is of a serious claim on French territory having been perhaps from this resemblance, as well as from the for ages abandoned, – and by royal proclamation associations of the lily with purity and innocence, they were dispensed with on the 1st of January in that it has been ranked as a symbol of the blessed that year. They were expunged from the national Virgin Mary; while others have found in its three banner of France in 1830. leaves, bound together by a link or tie, an emblem The mention of shields 'sprinkled with fleur-deof the Holy Trinity; both suppositions serving alike lys reminds us of the frequent use of this pattern to make it a favorite item in the decorations of in what is termed, heraldically, diaper, from the fine Christian art. While it thus acquired a sacred cloths made at Ypres, in Flanders; a word which character in this country, it became a national has survived to our own day in relation to a crosscrnblem in France, where legendary fable invested barred pattern of linen cloth, the floriated patterns it with a special sanctity. Dame Julian Berners having received the appellation of damask from the relates that the arms of the King Clovis were cer- fabrics of Damascus.Heraldically speaking, any tainly sent by an angel from heaven; that is to say, flowered or patterned ground was known as diaper, and in nine cases out of ten the pattern chosen was have been since pounced upon by the police at that of fleurs-de-lys. We only mention this as an night, while breaking up the chairs in the Champs additional instance of the way in which apparently Elysées. There were two of them, and both bebygone matters turn out to be mixed up with the long to literature. One is named Dacire, a writer details of our everyday life, and for the purpose of of farces; the other, Baratin, an insurance broker's noting the change of fashion revolving in a clearly clerk and a writer in obscure periodicals. As a traceable circle. It is quite possible that we may comic article on the subject had appeared in the see armorial bearings transferred again to articles Figaro, the magistrates seemed to think that this of dress, and coats of arms no longer a mere tech-couple of lively French littérateurs were providing nical expression.

matter for another article, and perhaps for a vaudeAnd one more association deserves noting. We ville at the Théâtre Déjazet. The freak cost them may remember that anecdote in the Spectator, upwards of 802., besides the law expenses. of the Westminster boy, who could neither sleep nor play for thinking of the banners which were

M. Louis MOLAND, in a work on Molière and

| Italian comedy in France, has recently shown the Duke of Marlborough's victories over the generals / great deb

great debt which the French poet owed to his of Louis XIV., the Grand Monarque, the most po- Italian predecessors a

| Italian predecessors and contemporaries who exertent and longest bearer of the lied shield. Stin. / cised the dramatic art. M. Moland not only inin memory of these victories and the munificent re

dicates the Italian sources whence Molière derived ward by which the country paid its debt of grati- most of his plots, but cites whole scenes which the tude to the great warrior, does his descendant, on a

French author took by translation. The names of stated day, present at Windsor Castle a small silken plays and their writers are given which Molière laid banner bearing the embroidered copy of the lilies

under tribute. “L'Ippocrito" furnished him with of France, once the terror of Europe, now only re

the immortal “ Tartuffe"; but here, as elsewhere, tained in a mimic symbol of homage, to preserve

Molière seems to have taken Italian comedy out of the recollection of their humiliation at the hands of the gutter, cleansed and re-dressed her, and finally the first owner of Blenheim.

set her in dignity on the French throne, from which she cannot be moved.

ing

FOREIGN NOTES.

ARRANGEMENTS are being made for the parting

performances and the farewell benefit of Mr. Charles The next number of Every Saturday, the first Kean, at Drury Lane. Forty years ago, ere he was issue of Volume V., will contain the opening chapters out of his teens, he began his career at that theatre of FOUL PLAY, a Serial Novel, by Charles Reade in “Norval." Two of his fellow players on that and Dion Boucicault.

occasion, who were much older than himself, survive

with him, Mrs. W. West, Lady Randolph, and Mr. UPWARDS of eleven millions of persons, the Pays Cooper (who first appeared in London in 1811), states, passed through the turnstiles of the Univer- Glenalvon. Since that day, when the debutant sal Exhibition.

nearly marred his fortune by his strong nasal A DEAF-AND-DUMB candidate, M. Dusuzeau, won

accent, he has risen to the first rank among the his “baccalauréat-es-lettres," recently at the Sor

second class of English players. Mr. Charles Kean

will not be remembered as Betterton, Garrick, bonne. All the questions and answers were in writ

Kemble, and Edmund Kean are remembered, but

he will hold an honorable position in dramatic MR. ROBERT BUCHANAN is preparing a bijou annals. In “Louis the Eleventh” he will at all edition of all Longfellow's Poems, in two volumes,

events have no successor. As manager at the Prineach of which will contain a critical essay by the e

cess's, he followed the example set by Mr. Macready, Editor.

who, at Covent Garden and Drury Lane, put

Shakespeare on the stage with a glory and a splenThe Vienna Figaro publishes this squib, called / dor till then unknown. " A Frenchman's Petition":

The Mayence Gazette has made the following *0, listen, obliging Austria. To a prayer we fain would have heard :

commentary on the French report that the ChasseGive us the Second Napoleon,

pots have done wonders. According to the stateAnd take in return the Thin."

ment of General du Failly, the Chassepots, at the The body of "The Second Napoleon," the Duke battle of Mentana, fired eleven shots a minute dur of Reichstadt, lies in the crypt of the Capuchin ing the first half hour of their coming into action Church in Vienna. Hence the ** Petition."

If we assume two French battalions at 800 stron

this would give 1,600 Chassepots. But it is proba The officials in certain military offices in Viennable that not more than a quarter of that puber have been ordered to examine into the documents were engaged at the same moment, and so we will relating to the last imperial funeral which took assume the number to have been 400 for the balf place in Austria, and to note down with exactitude hour. This would give 132,000 shots as the whole all the ceremonies and formalities observed on the number fired. Now, according to the most authenoccasion. It is believed that this measure has refer tic accounts, the entire number of Garibaldiares ence to a grand funeral to be prepared for the body killed and wounded was about 600, of whom about of the Emperor Maximilian, which, as is now known one half may fairly be attributed to the previous for certain, has been given up to Admiral Tegethoff, / action with the Papal troops, which had lasted fire and is now on its way to Europe.

hours before the Chassepots came into play. These

132,000 shots, therefore, took effect in about 300 HUNDREDS of the chairs which stand for hire cases, - that is to say, one shot in 440. I thek on the Boulevards were recently smashed in the calculations of the above-mentioned papers are at nght. The perpetrators were unknown, but they all correct, the wonders of the Chasseput are eft