Reproductive Health: The Missing Millennium Development Goal : Poverty, Health, and Development in a Changing World"While women in developing countries continue to die in large numbers in child birth, Population and Reproductive Health specialists and advocates around the world are struggling to keep the policy agenda focused on the rights and needs of poor women. The 1994 Cairo Conference and Program of Action changed how we do business, and opened many doors, but the agenda is not complete and has stalled in a number of ways. At the country level, governments and donors are making difficult choices about how and where to allocate scarce human and financial resources. Funding approaches have moved away from the implementation of narrowly directed health programs to a broader approach of health system development and reform. At the same time, countries are also centering their development agenda on the broad goal of poverty reduction. This volume addresses a large knowledge and capacity gap in the Reproductive Health community and provides tools for key actors to empower faster positive change. It is a synopsis of the materials developed for WBI's learning program on Achieving the Millennium Development Goals: Poverty Reduction, Reproductive Health and Health Sector Reform. The volume brings together knowledge about epidemiology, demography, economics, and trends in global financial assistance. The volume also introduces practical tools such as benefit incidence analysis, costing, and stakeholder analysis to strengthen the evidence base for policy and to address the political economy factors for reform." |
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Africa agenda allocation antenatal approach Asia assess behavior benefits budget Burkina Faso changes child health consumers contraceptive cost countries decentralization demographic demographic transitions diseases donors ductive health economic effective ensure example facilities factors family planning fertility Figure financing funding gender Ghana global initiatives groups Gwatkin Health Reform Health Sector Reform health system HIV/AIDS hospital household ICPD impact implementation improve increase inequality infections inputs International interventions levels malaria maternal and child maternal mortality MDGs Millennium Development Goals Ministry of Health MMRs needs NGOs nutrition obstetric package payment percent poor women population pregnancy priority programs providers rates repro reproductive health advocates reproductive health community reproductive health outcomes reproductive health services risk role Safar Safar Banu service delivery sexual sexually transmitted infections social spending stakeholder analysis stakeholders STIs Tanzania targeted tion treatment Uganda World Bank World Bank Institute Zambia
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Page 13 - Cairo that year changed this narrow focus by redefining reproductive health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes.
Page 13 - Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes. Reproductive health therefore implies that people are able to have a satisfying and safe sex life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the freedom to decide if, when and how often to do so.
Page 13 - Reproductive health therefore implies that people are able to have a satisfying and safe sex life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the freedom to decide if, when and how often to do so. Implicit in this last condition are the right of men and women to be informed and to have access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice...
Page 13 - Implicit in this last condition are the right of men and women to be informed and to have access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice, as well as other methods of their choice for regulation of fertility which are not against the law, and the right of access to appropriate health-care services that will enable women to go safely through pregnancy and childbirth and provide couples with the best chance of having a healthy infant.
Page 41 - Goal 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Goal 2. Achieve universal primary education Goal 3. Promote gender equality and empower women Goal 4. Reduce child mortality Goal 5. Improve maternal health Goal 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Goal 7. Ensure environmental sustainability Goal 8. Develop a global partnership for development Target 1.
Page xiii - Earlier at the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD), held in Cairo in September 1994...
Page 14 - In line with the above definition of reproductive health, reproductive health care is defined as the constellation of methods, techniques and services that contribute to reproductive health and well-being by preventing and solving reproductive health problems. It also includes sexual health, the purpose of which is the enhancement of life and personal relations, and not merely counselling and care related to reproduction and sexually transmitted diseases.
Page 40 - International Network of field sites with continuous Demographic Evaluation of Populations and Their Health in developing countries...
Page 111 - Thus the average variable cost (AVC) curve looks like the average product (AP) curve turned upside down with minimum point of the AVC curve corresponding to the maximum point of the AP curve. Average Total Cost (ATC) The average total cost or what is simply called average cost is the total cost divided by the number of units of output produced. ;? Total Cost Average total cost...
Page 155 - sustained, purposeful change to improve the efficiency, equity, and effectiveness of the health sector." He refers to the health sector as all the policies, programs, institutions, and actors that together make up the organized effort to treat and prevent disease. In a comparative analysis of seven countries that are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Hurst...