Mill premises and from other parties (probably also for loss of water-power, though it is not mentioned) the amount for the mill land, etc., being $12,050.' In 1855, Franklin Street was widened from 32 to 100 feet for part of its length and called Franklin Avenue, then Girard Avenue; and in 1858 the last-mentioned name was extended to the whole street.

In 1840, the very substantial 5-story factory, 54 × 100 feet, fronting on Germantown Road, with attic and basement, was erected the second rear building being directly connected by openings, for which purpose the east wall was taken down. There were also at same time built an engineroom and 2-story boiler and drying house, with a massive but not lofty stack; also an extensive 12-story dye-house, and a 4-story building, 34 × 69 feet, with basement, the latter structures fronting St. John Street. These additions were all made by Messrs. William Einwechter & Sons, for many years noted builders in Kensington.

A powerful horizontal steam-engine, of unusual stroke, cylinder about 15 x 60 inches, and cutting off steam at , was purchased from Smythe's great distillery, once located near the Schuylkill below Callowhill Street. Engine and boilers. were rearranged and placed by James T. Sutton & Co., then at Howard and Franklin Streets. There was connection by a square 24-inch iron shaft, from engine to large mitre wheels in the centre of main basement, and thence to rear buildings. Power was transmitted to second floor of main mill by massive spur cogwheels of eight and three feet diameter with 5-inch faces, one of the large wheels being on the main shaft of engine projected through the end wall; and when working this gearing made a loud, unpleasant clanging. A wooden drum on the north wall of rear buildings furnished, by belting, most of the power to that portion of the mills. This engine proved sufficient for the whole establishment, and was very economical. It was replaced in 1876 by one of

1 Road Docket Rec. of C. of Q. S., vol. xii. 433, 435.

This establishment will be recollected by many as having been sui generis, without successor in Philadelphia.

cylinder 18 × 36, made at the People's Works. The new dye-house received water from city pipes, but distributed it in open wooden troughs, an arrangement which remained in use until 1852. City illuminating gas was introduced into all parts of the establishment as soon as this fifth improvement was finished.

The first story of the St. John Street factory was used for awhile as office and sales-room, and for storage of yarn and goods; into the upper stories were removed the girth looms from the Third Street mill and some hand-looms for piece goods. In the 4th and 5th stories of the main mill were placed in 1843-4 a large number of power looms, mostly plain, driven from long wooden drums of 12 inches diameter fixed on rough iron shafts. These looms were made partly by Thomas Wood, Philadelphia, and partly by Alfred Jenks, Bridesburg.

As already intimated, the basement, or lower story on the south front of the rear buildings, had for many years been occupied as a machine shop and place for repairs—having a number of lathes, and sundry machine tools. A square 2-inch iron shaft ran through the centre, and upon it were pulleys made entirely of wood; and such use of this portion of the works continued until 1851.1

In 1849, the St. John Street factory was rented to James Lucas, who afterwards bought it and herein for nearly 12 years did considerable business, obtaining cotton yarn from the Globe Mills and elsewhere, and distributing it principally for dyeing and for weaving on outside hand-looms. He also rented for a few years some of the power looms in the

1 About 1830 leather belting began to be more common in factories for the main and other principal portions of power. There were at that time no regular belting factories, and the belts were of rather rude construction. The connections from main driving power in cotton mills were then, and remained for some years, chiefly heavy upright iron shafts and all-iron cogwheels, after the prevailing English mode. John Craige furnished belting for the Globe Mills for nearly 40 years. His saddler shop was in a small 2-story house, still standing at 1306 Germantown Avenue above Thompson Street.

main building, but ceased business in 1861, when several reasons rendered his modes impracticable. He was of rather eccentric character, and one peculiarity was covering his bills, notes of hand and labels of goods with aphorisms. Previous to 1849, and from about 1838, he had been a "trader" of cotton goods by means of wagons through Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware; and by this primitive mode was distributed a considerable portion of the Globe Mill hand-loom piece-goods. He died about 1872.

During the 42 years of cotton manufacturing at the Globe Mills, deeds, transfers, agreements about annuities and dowers, releases of dowers, etc., were very numerous. Several owners

died intestate, increasing the legal papers; and there was a second legal partition in 1832. On the dissolution of the last firm of Craige, Holmes & Co. in 1851, Seth Craige and Thomas H. Craige, sons of Seth W. Craige, together owned one-half, the estate of John Holmes one-quarter, and minor children of a deceased Craige one-quarter. Thomas Huston's interest, he being deceased, had previously been purchased by some of the above-named owners. During 1851 various deeds and agreements, and a public sale in partition, January, 1852, rearranged the whole property, Seth Craige becoming (including his former right) possessed of over three-fourths thereof. Early in 1852, Thomas H. Craige and Mrs. Holmes transferred to Seth Craige their interest in a strip 32 feet wide on the plan for partition, and intended for a street, running from Canal Street to Girard Avenue, etc.; and Seth Craige became sole owner of the premises.

In April, 1852, Mr. Craige sold the narrow building on Third Street to W. W. Fouché, dentist; and in May of said year (all cotton machinery being removed) the buildings and premises, excepting the St. John Street factory, were leased to Samuel H. Needles, woolen manufacturer, then located at the Star Mill, Howard and Jefferson Streets, who soon started 13 sets woolen machinery, including 120 four-box power looms and finishing arrangements for fancy cassimere, thus changing the establishment to a woolen mill, which

general character it has since retained. In the winter of 1855 this occupant removed; and rooms in the various buildings were gradually rented with power to textile manufacturers, at times exceeding ten in number.

Two generations have now passed away since the demolition of the Governor's Mill and tentative commencement of cotton manufacturing on the exact site. A third generation is fast progressing, nearly half of the factory has disappeared, and the remainder-a woolen mill-may at any moment be destroyed by fire. It is certainly, therefore, proper that two such establishments, each a large contributor to the early industrial development of Philadelphia, should receive due historic notice.

1 Said Needles made various alterations, viz., two stories added to dryhouse, new area and area windows, and high paling to main front, outside stairway to rear buildings, w. cs. to five stories, underground shaft to Third Street mill, cast-iron spur wheels removed, and water pipes and steam fixtures placed in dye-house.

GENERAL JOSEPH REED'S NARRATIVE OF THE MOVEMENTS OF THE AMERICAN ARMY IN

THE NEIGHBORHOOD OF TRENTON

IN THE WINTER OF 1776-77.

[The original of the following narrative is in the handwriting of General Joseph Reed, and is in the possession of one of his descendants. It was used by the late William B. Reed in preparing the life of his grandfather, and is the basis of Chapter XIV. vol. i. of that work. It contains some interesting facts which were omitted by Mr. Reed, and others which, from the style of composition he adopted, leaves the reader at a loss to know from whence the information was derived. Its abrupt ending shows it to be but a fragment, but it is nevertheless an interesting and valuable document well worth preserving in its original form.-ED.]

The Army under Gen. Washington having compleated the Surprize of the Hessians at Trenton, a Consultation of Officers was held in which it was resolved to march the Prisoners off & cross the Delaware & return to Pennsy1 these Reasons were assigned

1. That the Enemy was in force both above & below viz. at Princeton & Bordentown-for at that Time it was not known, that a great Part of the Enemy's Force was gone down to Mount Hollow 25 Miles below Trenton.

2. There were great Quantities of Spirituous Liquors at Trenton of which the Soldiers drank too freely to admit of Discipline or Defence in Case of Attack.

3. The Stroke being brilliant & successful it was not prudent or politick even to risque the Chance of losing the Advantages to be derived from it.

On the other Hand it was argued that.-Successes & brilliant strokes ought to be pursued-that History shewed how much depended upon improving such Advantages & that a Pannick being once given no one could ascertain the beneficial Consequences which might be derived from it if it was push'd to all its Consequences. However the former Opinion prevailed. The American Army having secured the Prisoners,