Among his various treatises, the list of which in Cooper's CHAPAL Athenae reaches to forty in number, his Reformed Catholicker ranks as his masterpiece, and was regarded by his Ultra-Ca montane opponents themselves as the ablest exposition of the Protestant standpoint'. At the time of his death in 1602, his reputation was scarcely inferior to that which Whitaker enjoyed when carried off seven years before. While in after years, Phineas Fletcher, no contemptible judge, apostrophized him as our wonder,-living, though long dead". Under Valentine Cary, who succeeded Barwell in 1609, VALSTI there ensued not only a great reform in the college administer of tration, but also a marked departure from those Calvinistic doctrines which Perkins had uniformly defended. Cary, who was a native of Northumberland, had twice been elected to a fellowship at St John's, and had been a candidate for the mastership after Clayton's death. In Baker's opinion, indeed, he would certainly have been elected, if merit alone had been permitted to decide the choice between him and Owen Gwynne. He was however unpopular both at St John's and at Christ's on account of his anti-Calvinistic tenets; and Williams, who had gained his fellowship in 1603, seems to have rather plumed himself on the reflexion that his opposition had been fatal to Cary's election by the former society'. It can scarcely surprise us to find that Cary retaliated in some measure on his opponents, and that it soon became known that Christ's College was no longer a society where the profession of Puritanical principles was likely to prove the Legatt, Printer to the Universitie of I have not seene any book of like quantity, published by a l'ro. testant, to containe either more matter, or delivered in better method.' See Abbot (R.), A Defence of the Reformed Catholike of M. W. Perkins, etc. 2 pts. 1606. This is written in answer to Bishop, bishop of Chaice. don, by Robt. Abbot, afterwards bishop of Salisbury, who in the 2nd part cites the above admission (made by Bishop in his Counter-Catholike) against Bishop himself. 2 Fletcher (P.), Poeticall Miscellanies (ed. Grosart), in 263. He was admitted 26 Mar. 1591 and again 14 Mar. 1;. BakerMayor, pp. 291 & 292. • Ibid. p. 292; Hacket. Life of As they thinke, had it not been CHAP. VI. road to advancement. To this circumstance we may partly LC attribute the overflowing numbers at Emmanuel. Laurence Chaderton, the brother-in-law of Whitaker, of whom, in a 4-preceding page', we caught a glimpse, urging on the great CHADERTON, Baster of }urnuel, divine to stand firm against the Lutherans' at Lambeth, had ruled the society from its first commencement, and had done so with credit to himself and to the no small advantage. of the college. His whole career, indeed, had been eminently Its previous distinguished. When at Christ's College in his younger days, he had achieved a marked success as a tutor, and could afterwards reckon the great Perkins himself among the number of his pupils'. Although a decided Calvinist in his views, he was sufficiently free from prejudice to espouse the cause of Ramus, and his biographer asserts that it was owing to Chaderton's influence that Downham was induced to commence his lectures on the new logic. In the year in which Valentine Cary entered upon his mastership at Christ's, fortyseven years had elapsed since Laurence Chaderton, already twenty-five years of age, had entered at the same college. In 1609, he was accordingly in his seventy-second year. But his physical powers showed little diminution. Emmanuel was increasing not only in numbers but in revenues, and its prosperous condition was largely attributable to his able rule. So long as Bancroft lived, moreover, Chaderton's presence was in itself a shield stretched over the society. Iris intimacy The archbishop and the master of Emmanuel had been croft and fellow-students at Christ's; and, on one occasion, when in each other's company, had become involved in one of the customary fierce frays with the townsmen. Bancroft was in Ifie able 1ministra 1 Supra, p. 338. Quorum ut unum saltem me morem ex illius schola prodiit immortale illud Ecclesiae nostrae decus (Perkinsium volo) qui, pro illo vitae sune brevi curriculo, tot scripta reliquit, tam docte, pie, et nervose scripta, quot alii certe pauci, quantumvis longiore temporis intervallo.' Dillingham, Vita Laurentii Chadertoni, p. 14; see also translation of same by E. S. Shuckburgh, M.A. (1881), p. 8. Ibid. p. 15. Hoc suae curae ac tutelao concreditum collegium Chadertonus tanta cum fide, prudentia ac indus. tria administrabat, et res ejus, qua amicorum beneficentia, qua sua imprimis frugalitate, in tantum auxit, ut e parvis initiis in justam tandem collegii staturam adoleverit; plurimosque deinde viros ediderit doc trina simul ac pietate conspicuos, eosdemque magna Ecclesiae nostrae ornamenta.' Ibid. pp. 19 20. imminent peril, when Chaderton came to his rescue, and, not CHAP. VI without injury to himself, rescued his fellow collegian from danger'. The incident proved the foundation of a friendship which lasted as long as their joint lives, and Bancroft, severe and inquisitorial as was his administration of the primacy,could never bring himself to deal harshly with Puritan Emmanuel. At Caius College, Dr Legge had long outlived the odium T attaching to his supposed sympathy with popery, and his f career, until his death in 1607, had been eminently suc-a cessful. His genial character and real worth had won for him the good-will of fellows and scholars alike, while his efforts on behalf of learning had materially contributed to the advancement of the society. His generous benefaction at his death enabled the college to follow the example of Trinity and St John's by erecting new buildings,-the same which, before the recent improvements, formed the exterior of the college as seen from Trinity Street. His successor, William Branthwaite, was who possessed like virtues and like tastes, was largely occupied during his mastership (1607-1618) in collecting the valuable library which he subsequently bequeathed to the college'. At Queens' College, Humphrey Tyndall, whose name has H already on several occasions come before us, had filled the salvet d office of president since 1579. He was a man of good descent, La all his father and mother being both the offspring of knightly families; while his somewhat varied experience of college life connected him with no less than three other foundations, he having been successively a pensioner of Gonville Hall, a scholar of Christ's, and a fellow of Pembroke. He had from the first evinced his preference for the doctrines of the Puritan party, being among those who petitioned against the 1- solebat quandoque se turbis illis immiscere, quae temporibus jis inter academicos et oppidanos non infrequenter interce lebant. Conti git autem aliquando ut Bancroftus (jusdem collegii tunc temporis alumnus)......simili negotio, forte ut fit, una cum illo implicatus, in vitae suae periculo versaretur. Quod cum sentiret Chadertonus, open amico ferendam ratus, eum & suramo dis. crimine, licet abseissa propemodum dextra propria, tempore opportuno vindicavit. Ibid. p. 7. Annals of Gonville and Cains He was a younger son of Sir Thomas Tyndall of Hockwold, Nor folk, Kt. by his second wife, Amye, daughter of Sir Henry Formor of East Barsham, Norfolk, Kt. Searle, Hist, of Queens' College, p. 350. as an ad CHAP. VI. Elizabethan statutes, and having filled the post of chaplain to the earl of Leicester'. To Leicester's influence, indeed, combined with that of Burghley, he was indebted for his promotion to the presidentship of Queens',-his appointment having been protested against by the fellows on the ground that he was juvenis et alienigena". The active part which he had taken in the drawing up of the Lambeth Articles marked him out for the dislike of the party headed by Bancroft; while as a married man he could hardly have been regarded with favour by a monarch who thought fit to enact His defects that masters of colleges should be celibate. To many, inministrator. deed, Tyndall must have seemed to afford only too striking an illustration of the wisdom of James' injunction, for, ux-' oriously devoted to a young wife and somewhat disregardful of the college statute relating to his office, he resided mainly at his deanery at Ely and the management of the society devolved altogether on the fellows. Among their number was Oliver Bowles', whose reputation as an able and conscientious tutor was second to that of none in the university; and among Bowles' pupils at the commencement of the century was a young Lancashire man, John Preston by name, who had migrated from King's College'. In 1609, Preston, then in his twenty-third year, was elected to a fellowship at Queens', and already the general impression of his singular ability was such that in the almost universal opinion he seemed marked out for brilliant success, whatever might be phical the particular career that he should adopt in life. Nature had bestowed upon him a fine person, comely features, a cominanding glance, and a graceful bearing; while a certain subdued melancholy, perceptible alike in his countenance and in his tones, rather added to the fascination which this re 1 Searle, History of Queens' Col lege, p. 351. Ibid. pp. 355-6. State Papers (Dom.) James I, See the college statute de Resi- tur;' etc. Documents, 1 21. On Bowles see Matthew Robinson (ed. J. E. B. Mayor), p. 128 n. Coming not from Eaton school, but from another, he could not be of the foundation, and was therefore uncapable of those preferments in the College that were of most worth.' Ball, Life of Preston (Clarke's Lives, ed. 1659), p. 76. markable man appears to have exercised over all who came CHAP. VL within the range of his influence. His mental endowments and acquirements were not less striking, though not apparently associated with precocity', for it was not until his re-markmoval to Queens' that he began to exhibit that capacity for fy rapidly mastering a subject and that versatility of powers which excited the astonishment of his former teachers. Not less remarkable was the skill with which he brought his knowledge to bear upon his dialectical encounters in the schools. His 'problems' were noted for the depth and subtlety of thought which they exhibited. When disputing in Aristotle, he loved to essay difficulties from which others turned despondingly aside, and to exhibit his skill over some thorny quaestio taken from the more obscure portions of the Physics or Metaphysics. When he had traversed the comparatively narrow field then known under the name of 'philosophy,' he turned his attention to medicine, and in this study had been at the pains to acquire such an amount of knowledge, practical as well as theoretical, that his advice was often preferred to that of the ordinary physicians. From medicine, again, he turned aside to the mystic regions of astrology, and, by the dubious light admitted by the current pseudo-science of the age, sought to read the heavens and to interpret the secrets of those occult agencies 'whose power has a true consent with planet or with element.' It is not surprising that, thus gifted by nature, thus successful in all past endeavour, and with life still before him, John Preston's ambition should have glanced beyond the arena of a university, and that he should have regarded his th fellowship as a mere stepping-stone to further advancement. But the Church was not the field wherein he looked forward to finding scope for his maturer energies; for amid all his 1 According to Fuller, Preston's remarkable powers did not display themselves before he commenced M.A.', [in 1611], up to which time he was so far from eminency as but a little above contempt; thus the most generous wines are the most muddy before they are fine. Soon after, his skill in philosophy rendered |