τί γέγραπται; τί μεμαρτύρηκας; ταῦθ ̓ ὡς ἀληθῆ δείκνυε. καὶ γὰρ ἀντιγέγραψαι ταῦτα “ ἀληθῆ μεμαρτ τύρηκα, μαρτυρήσας τὰ ἐν τῷ γραμματείῳ γεγραμ46 “μένα” οὐ τὸ καὶ τὸ τῶν ἐν τῷ γραμματείῳ. ὅτι δ ̓ οὕτω ταῦτ ̓ ἔχει, λαβὲ τὴν ἀντιγραφὴν αὐτήν μοι. λέγε. ΑΝΤΙΓΡΑΦΗ. χαρνεὺς τἀληθῆ ἐμαρ ἐν τῷ γραμματείῳ γε τύρησα μαρτυρήσας τὰ [Απολλόδωρος Πασίω- Στέφανος Μενεκλέους Α- γραμμένα. γραμμένα.] Ταῦτα οὗτος αὐτὸς ἀντεγράψατο, ἃ χρὴ μνημο- 1116 e om. Z. 1 Στέφανος Μενεκλέους ̓Αχαρνεύς cum Reiskio Bekker. cum libris. om. Z * Bekker (Berlin ed.). om. Z et Bekker (st. Leipsig ed.) cum Σ. *εἴρω.) ῥηθήσεται however is §§ 47-50. I hear they pro- 47 νεύειν ὑμᾶς, καὶ μὴ τοὺς ἐπ ̓ ἐξαπάτῃ νῦν λίγους ὑπὸ τούτου ῥηθησομένους πιστοτέρους ποιεῖσθαι τῶν νόμων καὶ τῶν ὑπὸ τούτου γραφέντων εἰς τὴν ἀντιγραφήν. Πυνθάνομαι τοίνυν αὐτοὺς καὶ περὶ ὧν ἔλαχον τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς δίκην ἐρεῖν καὶ κατηγορήσειν, ὡς συκοφαντήματα ἦν, ἐγὼ δ ̓ ἂν μὲν τρόπον ἐσκευωρήσατο τὴν μίσθωσιν, ὅπως τὴν ἀφορμὴν τῆς τραπέζης κατά σχοι, εἶπον καὶ διεξῆλθον ὑμῖν, ὑπὲρ δὲ τῶν ἄλλων οὐκ ἂν οἷός τ ̓ εἴην λέγειν ἅμα καὶ τούτους ἐλέγχειν περὶ τῆς μαρτυρίας· οὐ γὰρ ἱκανόν μοι τὸ ὕδωρ ἐστίν. 48 ὅτι δ ̓ οὐδ ̓ ὑμεῖς ἐθέλοιτ ̓ ἂν εἰκότως ἀκούειν περὶ τούς 49 σκο των αὐτῶν, ἐκεῖθεν εἴσεσθε, ἂν λογίσησθε πρὸς ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς ὅτι οὔτε νῦν ἐστι χαλεπὸν περὶ ὧν μὴ κατηγόρηται λέγειν, οὔτε ψευδεῖς ἀναγνόντα μαρτυρίας ἀποφεύγειν. ἀλλ ̓ οὐδέτερόν γε δίκαιον τούτων οὐδ ̓ ἂν εἰς φήσειεν εἶναι, ἀλλ ̓ ὃ ἐγὼ προκαλοῦμαι νῦν. πεῖτε δὲ ἀκούσαντες. ἐγὼ γὰρ ἀξιῶ, οὓς μὲν ἀφείλοντό με ἐλέγχους περὶ τῶν ἐγκλημάτων, οὓς προσῆκον ἦν ῥηθῆναι, μὴ ζητεῖν αὐτοὺς νῦν, αἷς δὲ ἀφείλοντο μαρτυρίαις, ὡς εἰσὶν ἀληθεῖς, δεικνύναι. εἰ δ ̓ ὅταν μὲν τὴν δίκην εἰσίω, τὰς μαρτυρίας με ἐλέγχειν ἀξιώσου ὅταν δὲ ταύταις ἐπεξίω, περὶ τῶν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐγκλη σιν, The 47. περὶ ὧν ἔλαχον.] original indictment of Phormio in the δίκη ἀφορμῆς to which Οr. 36 is a παραγραφή.—ὅπως κατάσχοι, sup. § 27.--εἶπον καὶ διεξῆλθον sc. in §§ 2936.-On τὸ ὕδωρ, see note on Or. 54 § 36. 48. οὔτε νῦν κ.τ.λ.] i.e. “it is easy enough for my opponents to introduce into their reply matter that is irrelevant to the case and is no part of my indictment, just as formerly it was easy enough for them to get an acquittal by reciting false depositions.” Whether, with Dobree, we read οὔτε (τότε) ψευδείς or not, we must in either case take the second clause as a pointed reference to the former trial. 49. αἷς δ ̓ ἀφείλοντο μαρτυρίαις] sc. τοὺς ἐλέγχους.—On τὴν δίκην εἰσίω see note on § 7 πρὸς ἐκεί νους εἰσίω. μάτων λέγειν με κελεύσουσιν, οὔτε δίκαια οὔτε ὑμῖν 50 συμφέροντα ἐροῦσιν. δικάσειν γὰρ ὀμωμέκατε ὑμεῖς οὐ περὶ ὧν ἂν ὁ φεύγων ἀξιοῖ, ἀλλ ̓ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ὧν ἂν ἡ δίωξις ᾖ. ταύτην δ ̓ ἀνάγκη τῇ τοῦ διώκοντος λήξει δηλοῦσθαι, ἣν ἐγὼ τούτῳ ψευδομαρτυριῶν εἴληχα. μὴ δὴ τοῦτ ̓ ἀφεὶς περὶ ὧν οὐκ ἀγωνίζεται λεγέτω μηδ' 1117 ὑμεῖς ἐᾶτε, ἂν ἄρα οὗτος ἀναισχυντῇ. 51 Οἶμαι τοίνυν αὐτὸν οὐδὲν οὐδαμῆς δίκαιον ἔχοντα λέγειν ἥξειν καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦτο, ὡς ἄτοπον ποιῶ, παραγραφὴν ἡττημένος, τοὺς διαθήκην μαρτυρήσαντας δι άκων, καὶ τοὺς δικαστὰς τοὺς τότε φήσειν διὰ τοὺς ἀφεῖναι μεμαρτυρηκότας ἀποψηφίσασθαι μᾶλλον ἢ διὰ τοὺς διαθήκην μαρτυρήσαντας. ἐγὼ δ ̓, ὦ ἄνδρες Αθηναῖοι, νομίζω πάντας ὑμᾶς εἰδέναι ὅτι οὐχ ἧττον τὰ πεπραγμένα εἰώθατε σκοπεῖν ἢ τὰς ὑπὲρ τούτων παραγραφάς· περὶ δὴ τῶν πραγμάτων αὐτῶν τὰ ψευδῆ καταμαρτυρήσαντες οὗτοί μου ἀσθενεῖς τοὺς περὶ κ ἐὰν Ζ. * οὐδαμῇ Ζ. 1 οἴομαι Ζ (cf. Οr. 36 § 18). 1 cum Reiskio Bekker. φήσει Z cum libris. --- 50. περὶ.....ὑπερ.] § 11 n.δίωξις. (Dem.) Or. 47 § 70. οἱ δὲ νόμοι τούτων κελευόυσι τὴν δίωξιν εἶναι. The word is also found in Antiphon Or. 6 § 7 τὴν δίωξιν εὐσεβείας ἕνεκα ποιείσ θαι.— On λήξει...εἴληχα cf. Or.36 § 50 λήξεων. §§ 51-52. The defendant will urge that the jury in the former trial were led to dismiss my suit by reason of the witnesses in support of the discharge on which Phormio's special plea was based; and not by reason of those who (like himself) gave evidence to the will, as part of the main issue. But I reply that every one knows that juries look to the main issue as well as to the special plea, and I contend that witnesses to the main issue (like the defendant) 51. ἀφεῖναι] sc. τῶν ἐγκλη τὰ πεπραγμένα.] The facts of the case on its merits, as ope posed to the special plea. See note on Or. 36 Argument 1, 25 ἅπτεται τῆς εὐθείας κ.τ.λ. ἀσθενεῖς ἐποίησαν κ.τ.λ.] "Weakened my arguments on the special plea.' This need not imply that he actually 52τῆς παραγραφῆς ἐποίησαν λόγους. χωρὶς δὲ τούτων ἄτοπον, πάντων τὰ ψευδῆ μαρτυρησάντων, τίς μάς λιστα ἔβλαψεν ἀποφαίνειν, ἀλλ' οὐχ ὡς αὐτὸς ἕκαστος ἀληθῆ μεμαρτύρηκε δεικνύναι. οὐ γὰρ, ἂν ἕτερον δείξῃ δεινότερα εἰργασμένον, ἀποφεύγειν αὐτῷ προσι ήκει, ἀλλ ̓ ἂν αὐτὸς ὡς ἀληθῆ μεμαρτύρηκεν ἀποφήνῃ. 53 Ἐφ ̓ ᾧ τοίνυν, ὦ ἄνδρες Αθηναῖοι, μάλιστ ̓ ἀπολωλέναι δίκαιός ἐστιν οὑτοσὶ Στέφανος, τοῦτ ̓ ἀκούσατέ μου. δεινὸν μὲν γάρ ἐστιν εἰ καὶ καθ ̓ ὅτου τις οὖν τὰ ψευδὴ μαρτυρεῖ, πολλῷ δὲ δεινότερον καὶ πλείονος ὀργῆς ἄξιον, εἰ κατὰ τῶν συγγενῶν· οὐ γὰρ τοὺς γεγραμμένους νόμους ὁ τοιοῦτος ἄνθρωπος μόνον, spoke; as a matter of fact, we find the court would not listen to him (§ 6). S$ 53-56. By giving false evidence against me, the defendant has done wrong to the unwritten laws of natural affection, for my wife is his first cousin. Very different has been the conduct of my wife's father, Deinias, who holds himself debarred by the claims of kinship from giving even true evidence on my behalf against my opponent Stephanus, who is his sister's son. 53. ἀπολωλέναι. ] • To be put to death' for bearing false witness against his own relations, Apollodorus having married the first cousin of Stephanus. καθ ̓ ὅτου τις οὖν] = καθ' ὁτονοῦν ὁστισοῦν; like ὁπωστι οὖν = ὁτιοῦν καὶ ὁπωσοῦν. τοὺς γεγραμμένους νόμους...τὰ τῆς φύσεως οἰκεία.] Soph. Αntig. 454 οὐ γὰρ σθένειν τοσοῦτον όμην τὰ σὰ κηρύγμαθ' ὥστ ̓ ἄγραπτα κἀσφαλῆ θεῶν νόμιμα δύνασα θαι θνητὸν ὄνθ ̓ ὑπερδραμεῖν, where, as here, the unwritten law of natural affection is contrasted with human ordinances. •Intelligisne (asks Cobet) quae sint τὰ τῆς φύσεως οἰκεῖα opposita τοῖς νόμοις τοῖς γεγραμ μένοις ? Non opinor. Sed latet in οἰκεῖα vocabulum quo non est aliud apud Oratores tritius et frequentius, nempe τὰ τῆς φύσεως δίκαια ἀναιρεϊ, veluti in Orat. χχν. 28 προφάσεις πλάττων καὶ ψευδεῖς αἰτίας συντιθεὶς τὰ κοινὰ δίκαια ἀνατρέψειν οἴει. Rectissime igitur componuntur τὰ τῆς φύσεως δίκαια et τὰ τῶν νόμων δίκαια, quæ commemorat idem Orator χχν. 3 μεθ' ἑαυτοῦ δείξων ἑκάτερος τὰ τῶν νόμων δίκαια (Nova Lectiones p. 619).—τὰ τῆς φύσεως οἰκεία may however be retained in spite of the above suggestion, and we may readily render it • natural relationship' or better 'the home-ties of nature,' 'the natural ties of home affections.' In § 65, Stephanus is denounced as the common enemy of all human nature.' C. R. Kennedy (Introduction το κατὰ Στεφ. p. 45) observes, "To give wilfully false testimony against the plaintiff was aggravation of his offence,. for the Athenians excused a man an ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ τῆς φύσεως οἰκεῖα ἀναιρεῖ. τοῦτο τοίνυν ἐπιδειχθήσεται πεποιηκὼς οὑτοσίν. ἔστι γὰρ ἡ τούτου 54 μήτηρ καὶ ὁ τῆς ἐμῆς γυναικὸς πατὴρ ἀδελφοὶ, ὥστε τὴν μὲν γυναῖκα τὴν ἐμὴν ἀνεψιὰν εἶναι τούτῳ, τοὺς δὲ παῖδας τοὺς ἐκείνου καὶ τοὺς ἐμοὺς ἀνεψιαδούς. 1118 ἆρ ̓ οὖν δοκεῖ ποτ ̓ ἂν ὑμῖν οὗτος, εἴ τι δι' ἔνδειαν εἶδε ποιούσας ὧν οὐ χρὴ τὰς αὑτοῦ συγγενεῖς, ὅπερ ἤδη πολλοὶ πεποιήκασι, παρ ̓ αὑτοῦ προῖκα ἐπιδοὺς ἐκδοῦ ναι, ὃς ὑπὲρ τοῦ μηδ ̓ ἃ προσήκει κομίσασθαι ταύτας τὰ ψευδῆ μαρτυρεῖν ἠθέλησε, καὶ περὶ πλείονος ἐποιήσατο τὸν Φορμίωνος πλοῦτον ἢ τὰ τῆς συγγενείας 55 ἀναγκαῖα ; ἀλλὰ μὴν ὅτι ταῦτ ̓ ἀληθῆ λέγω, λαβέ μοι τὴν μαρτυρίαν τὴν Δεινίου καὶ ἀναγίγνωσκε, καὶ κάλει Δεινίαν. ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ. [Δεινίας Θεομνήστου ̓Αθμονεὺς μαρτυρεῖ τὴν θυBekker (Berlin ed). ούτος Z et Bekler (st. Leipsig ed.) cum Σ. n Bekker. om. Z cum Σ. for being reluctant even to give true evidence against a relation." [The patriarchal system, descended from the old Aryan peoples, made the Greeks view all family ties as almost inviolable. With all their respect for 'written law,' the obligations of relationship had more of religious sanction. See Cox, Hist. of Greece, I. pp. 15-18. P.] 54. ὁ τῆς ἐμῆς γυναικὸς πατὴρ.] i. e. Deinias, father of the Theomnestus who speaks the first 15 §§ of Or. 59 κατὰ Νεαίρας, when Apollodorus takes up the speech. Apollodorus, besides being brother-in-law to Theomnestus by marrying the sister of the latter, gave his own daughter in marriage to him (Or. 59 § 2). ἀνεψιαδούς.] Hesych. άνεψιαδοῦς· ἐκ τοῦ ἀνεψιοῦ γεγονώς, om. Z. πολλοὶ πεποιήκασι κ.τ.λ.] In- τὰ συγγενείας ἀναγκαῖα.] The strong ties of kindred.' Cf. necessitudo. Fals. Leg. § 290. ὑπὲρ συγγενῶν καὶ ἀναγκαίων. Cf. Or. 36 § 30 ανάγκῃ...οἰκεῖον. 55. Δεινίας Θεομνήστου ̓Αθμο νεύς.] The father's name is |
