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ἄρχε δ', οὐρανοῦ πολυνεφέλα κρέοντι θύγατερ, 3 δόκιμον ὕμνον· ἐγὼ δὲ κείνων τέ νιν ὀάροις 4 λύρα τε κοινάσομαι. χαρίεντα δ ̓ ἕξει πόνον 5 χώρας ἄγαλμα, Μυρμιδόνες ἵνα πρότεροι 6 ᾤκησαν, ὧν παλαίφατον ἀγορὰν 15 7 οὐκ ἐλεγχέεσσιν ̓Αριστοκλείδας τεὰν

II. 24. 461, Ν. 9. 30. όπαζε ' Send her (ἀοιδᾶς) without stint. Cf. Il. 24. 153 τοῖον γάρ οἱ πομπὸν ὀπάσσο μεν ἀργειφόντην, 461 σοὶ γάρ με πατὴρ ἅμα πομπὸν ὄπασσεν.

10 apxe Cf. Alkm. Frag. 1 Μῶσ' ἄγε, Μῶσα λίγεια πολυμμελὲς | · ἀενάοιδε μέλος | νεοχμὸν ἄρχε παρσένοις ἀείδεν. οὐρανοῦ Μss. give οὐραν-φ-ω-ώα, but all give πολυνε φέλα. According to a Schol., Aristarchos and Ammônios took Uranos to be given as the father of _ the Muse, reading either three datives or three genitives, but it is presumable that Pindar began with Zeus and followed Hêsiod. On this point Diodorus Siculus (4. 7) gives satisfactory negative evidence. Hermann takes οὐρανῷ as object to κρέοντι. Bergk alters needlessly to Oupavoi a hypothetical form for Οὐρανία. It is hetter to take κρέοντι as a dat. commodi than as a possessive dative with θύγατερ (so one Schol.) which in such a position has the full effect of thou, his daughter.' Bergk objects that it cannot Sic nude dici and that ἄρχε ὕμνον Διὶ is not appropriate to the context. Surely it is appropriate to any Nemean (or Olympian) ode, even if nothing special be said about Zeus. Moreover cf. vv. 65, 66.

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11 δόκιμον • That stamps with approval.' For causative use of adj. (='approved ') cf. Ο. 1. 26.

I.ε. ύμνον. βάροις · Choral

voices.' For the form cf. P. 1. 98 κοινωνίαν | μαλθακὰν παίδων δάροισι.

12 κοινάσομαι 1138. κοινώσομαι.

10

25

The Schol. explains κοινῶς ᾄσομαι,
whence Bergk reads κον ̓ ἀείσομαι,
but probably the Scholiast had the
false reading κοινωσάσομαι produced
by the incorporation into the text
of a correction. P. 4. 115 supports
our text.
Dissen takes Zeus

to be the subject, Don. άγαλμα,
rendering 'It will be a pleasing toil
to honour the land, where &c.,'
which he supports by N. 8. 16
πατρὸς Μέγα Νεμεαῖον ἄγαλμα παρ
τρός, but there, as here, ἄγαλμα is
concrete, an honor,'' an adorn-
ment.' Here it might be said that
ὕμνος is the subject, χώρας ἄγαλμα
being in apposition, and e='will
involve.' Cf. Soph. El. 351 où
ταῦτα πρὸς κακοῖσι δειλίαν ἔχει ;

13 The Myrmidons were supposed to have migrated with Pêleus from Aegina to Phthiôtis.

14 ὧν παλαίφατον ἀγοράν The ancient fane of whose assembly.' Don. says that ἀγορά means meeting. place here as in Od. 8. 109, 156; but in the latter verse νῦν δὲ μεθ' ὑμετέρῃ ἀγορῇ... ήμαι, it is better to render assembly,' meeting.' There is no reason why ἀγορὰν should have been substituted for any spondaic word, say ἀλκὰν (Ranch.). There are not enough cases of tribrachs at the end of a logaœdic verse to warrant an infer ence that is impossible in such a position. Moreover cf. O. 11. 57 ἀκρόθιν- (-- >) beginning the verse (Bergk strangely ).

1ε οὐκ άλ. For the meiosis see οὐ κατελέγχει I. 3. 14. τεάν | κατ' αἶσαν For the usual rendering

:

8 ἐμίανε κατ' αἶσαν ἐν περισθενεῖ μαλαχθεὶς

α

παγκρατίου στόλῳ· καματωδέων δὲ πλαγᾶν

'Eπ, a'.

ὁ ἄκος ὑγιηρὸν ἐν βαθυπεδίῳ Νεμέᾳ τὸ καλλίνικον φέρει. 30

· εἰ δ ̓ ἐὼν καλὸς ἔρδων τ ̓ ἐοικότα μορφᾷ

20 & ἀνορέαις ὑπερτάταις ἐπέβα παῖς ̓Αριστοφάνεος, οὐκέτι

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πρόσω

ε ἀβάταν ἅλα κιόνων ὑπὲρ Ηρακλέος πέρᾶν εὐμαρές,

ι ἥρως θεὸς ὡς ἔθηκε ναυτιλίας ἐσχάτας

35

Στρ. β'.

2 μάρτυρας κλυτάς· δάμασε δὲ θῆρας ἐν πελάγεσιν 40

3 ὑπερόχος, διά τ' ἐξερεύνασε τεναγέων

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by thy favor,' tuo beneficio, which strains the interpretation both of κατὰ and of αίσαν, Ο. 9. 28 is quoted, but see my note and that on P. 8. 68. Aids alog, O. 9. 42, is by Zeus' assignment.' Cf. also Solon Frag. 4 [13] Ημετέρα δὲ πόλις κατὰ μὲν Διὸς οὔποτ ̓ ὀλεῖται αἶσαν καὶ μακάρων Θεῶν φρένας αθα νάτων. αἷσα means 'lot, share, 'measure,' or the theological phases of these ideas (often in the abstract) 'divine dispensation,' divine ordi nance,' 'divine approval,' allotted career (see N. 6. 13, 43, I. 1. 34, Frag. 108), and so αΐσιοs as applied to omens means indicating divine approval' and in other uses 'being in due proportion,' divinely approved. Now τεὰν κατ ̓ αὖσαν sim. ply gives us a theological aspect of xar' aloar, 'duly,'' according to measure,' with a particular divinity specified. No other explanation is scientific. Render as is acceptable in thy sight.' The Muse of glory is the αἰσυμνήτις who prescribes and approves the conduct and achievements of aspirants to glory.

.

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signifying, as Don. says, the cause. Cf. N. 7. 56.

17 καματωδέων For sentiment cf. N. 8. 49, 50, I. 7. 1—3.

18 βαθυπεδίῳ 8ο best Μss. Moschopulos from one or two Μ88. read ἔν γε βαθυπέδῳ. From πεδίον not πέδον. βαθύπεδος would be, as Paley renders, deep-soiled,' not * with low-lying plain. φέρει ' He won at Nemea and wears, &c.' (cf. N. 5. 54, I. 6. 21), akos being an extension of the predicate. It is scarcely a historic present, which is raro in Pindar, but ef. Ο. 2. 23, Ρ. 4. 163.

19 For sentiment ef. Ο. 8. 19, 9. 94 ὡραῖος ἐὼν καὶ καλὸς κάλλιστά τε ῥέξαις, Ι. 6. 22.

21 Cf. Ο. 3. 43. 22 ήρως θεός Hero and God. Cf. Paus. 2. 10. 1. The phrase dis. tinguishes Herakles from σλὸς ν. 29.

24 ὑπερόχος Dor. acc. plur. Cf. v. 29 infra, O. 1. 53. The conquest of sea-monsters by Herakles is probably a mythical dress given to the suppression of pirates by Hellenic mariners. ΜΗΗ. γίνω ὑπέ ροχος, ἰδίᾳ τ' ἐρευν. A Schol. gives & v. Ι. διά τ' ἐρ. Böckh inserts έξ.,

25 4 ροάς, ὁπᾷ πόμπιμον κατέβαινε νόστου τέλος,
5 καὶ γᾶν φράδασσε. θυμέ, τίνα πρὸς ἀλλοδαπὰν
6 ἄκραν ἐμὸν πλέον παραμείβεαι;

30

· 7 Αἰακῷ σε φαμὶ γένει τε Μοῖσαν φέρειν.

8 ἔπεται δὲ λόγῳ δίκας ἄωτος, ἐσλὸς αἰνεῖν·

45

50

'Αντ. β'.

· οὐδ ̓ ἀλλοτρίων ἔρωτες ἀνδρὶ φέρειν κρέσσονες. 1 οἴκοθεν μάτευε. ποτίφορον δὲ κόσμον ἔλαβες Hermann αὖτ'. There is no support for lola meaning by oneself' opposed to 'with aid, so that the Ms. reading must be abandoned. The Greeks would hardly imagine even 'Herakles taking a long voyage by himself. τεναγέων ῥοάς • Channels of the shallow straits.' Pliny (Nat. Hist. 3. 1) says of the Straits of Gibraltar, frequentes taeniae candicantis vadi carinas tentant. Curtius rejects the connexion with τέγγω, which is given by a Schol., and would look rather to stagnum.

25 πόμπιμον νόστου Το be taken together as by Paley; 'Where he came to land at the bourne which sped him on his homeward way,' i.e. the reaching of which enabled him to start back speedily. For the genitive cf. Aesch. Choeph. 85 τῆσδε προστροπῆς πομποί.

26 γᾶν φράδασσε Made the land known,'i.e. explored the shores as he had the straits. Paley renders defined the limits of the earth,' Schol. [φραδιτὴν] ἐποίησε καὶ δήλην.

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27 παραμ. Μss. -βη, Art thou diverting'? Cf. Aesch. Choeph. 963 ἀμείψεται, 'will bring a change over,' Eur. Med. 1266, Aesch. Sept. «. Th. 58 τάγευσαι, ' set as captains. Eur. Heracleid. 664τάσσεται, Helen. 381 εξεχορεύσατο, Soph. Trach. 738 στυγούμενον, 'causing hatred. In these cases the object (expressed or understood) of the middle verb would be the subject of the corresponding active verb. The poet

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rather checks himself in an imaginary voyage to Gadeira, than breaks off the praises of Herakles. But it is appropriate and gracious to say that not even the celebration of a ἥρως θεός must interfere with the due praise of ἐσλοί, ‘worthy men.' He goes on to imply that Aeakidae need not take any alieneven Herakles-as an example of prowess.

Almost

28 Αἰακῷ... γένει τα hendiadys, the race of Aeakos.' φαμί ‘I bid, cf. εἴτε μὴ σὺ φῄς, Soph. Αj. 1108.

29 The flower of justice concurs with the maxim, "praise the noble.” For ἕπεται cf. Ο. 2. 22 ἔπεται δ' ὁ λόγος εὐθρόνοις | Κάδμοιο κούραις. For άωτος cf. Ο. 1. 15, 2. 7, N. 2. 9; for the infinitive cf. P. 1. 68, 2. 24, Ν. 9. 6 (where there is the same sentiment). λόγῳ Echoed ν. 68.

30 αλλ. Χρ. Yearnings after quests of aliens,' such as those of Herakles. For φέρειν = πάσχειν cf. Soph. Oed. R. 93 φέρω | τὸ πένθος, Theogn. 1322 γνοὺς ἔρος ὡς χαλεπὸν γίνεται ἀνδρὶ φέρειν. This verse is recalled by άεθλοφόρου λήματος υ. 83. For infinitive cf. O. 7. 25. The poet states in a negative form that συγγενὴς εὐδοξία (ν. 40) is best. He is complimenting the victor, not, as Leop. Schmidt thinks, warning him against unwise ambition.

31 οίκοθεν μάτευε ‘Search at home' for examples of lofty aspira

3 γλυκύ τι γαρυέμεν. παλαιαῖσι δ ̓ ἐν ἀρεταῖς 4 γέγαθε Πηλεὺς ἄναξ, ὑπέραλλον αἰχμὰν ταμών· 5 ὃς καὶ Ἰωλκόν εἷλε μόνος ἄνευ στρατιᾶς, 35 6 καὶ ποντίαν Θέτιν κατέμαρψεν

η ἐγκονητί. Λαομέδοντα δ ̓ εὐρυσθενὴς

tions. The victor is addressed, being included in γένει v. 28. The word ἀνδρὶ (implying Aristokleidas) positively demonstrates this and precludes Bury's view that 'Pindar still addresses his soul. κόσμον 'A decoration' namely the crown of the victory at Nemea.

82 γαρνέμεν Consequential infinitive (with indefinite subject implying the poet) after ποτίφορον, 'adapted for some sweet utterance' εἴ. ἀοιδὰν στεφάνων...ὀπαδόν υυ. 7, 8. παλαιαῖσι δ ̓ ἐν ἀρεταῖς Schol. ἔτι [for ἤδη] πάλαι, φησίν, ὑμνεῖται ὁ Πηλεὺς καὶ ὑμνεῖτο. Don. need. lessly alters to παλαιαῖσιν ἐ. d. with the full stop moved on to the end of the line, comparing O. 13. 50, 51 μητιν τε γαρύων παλαιγόνων | πόλεμόν τ' ἐν ἡρωΐαις ἀρεταῖσιν. Render For among instances of ancient worth-King Peleus delights in having cut a matchless spear, &c. For ev = in the sphere of' cf. O. and P. p. xxvi, N. 1. 34. Dr Postgate for the ἅπαξ λεγ. ὑπέραλλον proposes ὁ πέραλλον for περίαλλον (ef. περίπτων, Ρ. 3. 52, περόδοις, Ν. 11. 40). But ὑπέραλλον is supported by Frag. 39. 2 ἀνὴρ ὑπὲρ ἀνδρὸς ἰσχύει. We must admit some unique forms. Dissen's provectior aetate for ev παλ. άρ. is undoubtedly wrong. His reference to δέδορκεν, Ν. 9. 41 (which clearly refers to the past yet is not an ordinary perfect) to explain the tense, does not apply to a present perfect like yeyade. Peleus is represented as still rejoicing in the renown of his spear cutting,

55

60

sung by rhapsodists, cf. I. 16. 140-144 (repeated 19. 387-891). The Schol. quotes τάμε for πόρε in the line Πηλιάδα μελίην τὴν πατρὶ φίλῳ πόρε Χείρων. This passage partly explains τερπνῶν ἐφέρποισαν χαλεπῶν τε κρίσιν, Frag. 108. For Poleus ef. N. 4. 64.

84 Peleus overcame the host of the mortal Akastos son of Pelias (according to a Schol. Pherekydes related that he was assisted by Iâson and the Dioskuroi) and also the divine Thetis. Cf. N. 4. 54. 8s Tautometrically echoed v. 68. και A long syllable before Ιωλκὸν to which Christ prefixes the digamma without warrant. For hiatus cf. Mommsen, Adnot. Crit. on O. 13. 34, and O. and P. p. xxxi. I. 7. 56 we find ἀοιδαὶ ἔλιπον. μόνος ἄνευ στρατιάς Dissen cites Il. 22. 39, Od. 4. 367, 21. 364 for the pleonasm. The second instance is perhaps not to the point.

35 κατέμαρψεν held, as in 0. 6. 14.

seized and

36 ἐγκονητί From the meaning οἱ ἐγκονέω we gather that the adverb means by perseverance' or by dint of activity.' Thetis could change her shape like Proteus. Cf. Ν. 4. 62-65. The Schol. quotes a Frag. of Soph. Troilus ἔγημεν, ὡς ἔγημεν ἀφθόγγους γάμους, τῇ παντομόρφῳ Θέτιδι συμπλακείς ποτε, and again from the Achillis Erastae ris γάρ με μόχθος οὐκ ἐπεστάτει; λέων, | δράκων τε, πῦρ, ὕδωρ. εὐρυσθενής Here and N. 5. 4 broad and strong'; elsewhere widely potent' e.g. I. 2. 18. See note on Ο. 12. 2.

8 Τελαμών Ιόλα παραστάτας ἐὼν ἔπερσεν·

4 καί ποτε χαλκότοξον ̓Αμαζόνων μετ ̓ ἀλκὰν

'ET. B'.

65

ὁ ἕπετό μοι, οὐδέ μίν ποτε φόβος ἀνδροδάμαις ἔπαυσεν ἀκμὰν φρενών.

40 ο συγγενεῖ δέ τις εὐδοξίᾳ μέγα βρίθει·

70

α ὃς δὲ διδάκτ ̓ ἔχει, ψεφηνὸς ἀνὴρ ἄλλοτ ̓ ἄλλα πνέων οὔ ποτ ̓ ἀτρεκέι

ε κατέβα ποδί, μυριᾶν δ' ἀρετᾶν ἀτελεῖ νόῳ γεύεται.

Στρ. γ. ι ξανθὸς δ' ̓Αχιλεὺς τὰ μὲν μένων Φιλύρας ἐν δόμοις, 75

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87 Note the omission of any mention of Herakles in connexion with Telamon and Iolaos. Cf. N. 4. 25. ἔπερσεν ‘Overwhelmed, destroyed,' cf. Eur. Herc. Fur. 700 πέρσας δείματα θηρῶν. Soph. Aj. 1198.

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88 'AL one while followed he him (Iolâos) in quest of the power of the Amazons with their brazen bows.' For the hypallage see O. and P. p. xxiii. ἀλκαν Cf. αἰχμὰν ̓Αμφιτρύωνος Ν. 10. 13, I. 4. 33, Ρ. 12. 61 Κάστορος βίαν.

30 ανδροδάμαις. The termination may be as Epic. See O. and P. p. xxx as to participles in -aus, - αισα. έπαυσεν Cf. I. 7. 12 δείμα παροιχόμενον καρτερὰν ἔπαυσε μέριμ ναν. 'Quelled the temper of his heart. ἀκμάν Mr Fanshawe renders temper, comparing στομίω to temper,' to give edge (στόμα) to.'

40 εὐδοξία Cf. note on v. 30 supra. We use 'nobility' for the qualities which ennoble. Don. renders valor,' comparing Aesch. Pers. 28 ψυχῆς εὐτλήμονι δόξῃ, which means 'courageous resolve of soul. βρίθει Cf. Soph. Αj. 129 μηδ' όγκον ἄρῃ μηδέν' εἴ τινος πλέον | ἢ χειρὶ βρίθεις ἢ μακροῦ πλούτου βάθει. Cf.

Verg. Αen. 1. 151 pietate grauem.

41 διδάκτ' For sentinent cf. Ο. 9. 100, 2. 86. εφηνός Cf. N. 8. 34, Ρ. 11. 30 ὁ δὲ χαμηλὰ πνέων ἄφαντον βρέμει. πνέων Cf. Ο. 11. 93 κενεὰ πνεύσαις, cf. Il. 21. 386 δίχα δέ σφιν ἐνὶ φρεσὶ θυμὸς ἄητο perhaps 'breathed' in two directions, perhaps the use developed out of μένεα πνείοντας Il. 24. 364. ἀτρεκέι Unfinching.

42 κατέβα He entered the lists. Cf. P. 11. 49 γυμνὸν ἐπὶ στάδιον καταβάντες. The aorist is gnomic. Notwithstanding the echoes of vv. 20, 21 which might recall also κατέβαινε ν. 25, κατέβα here cannot mean 'come to shore.' The man taught inuita Minerua enters the lists with an unsteady step that bewrays the ineffectual irresolute frame of mind with which he sips the draught of toil and danger for which he has no stomach.

dperav Kinds of distinction.' For the vague sense cf. P. 1. 41. Generally aperai means either 'merits,' 'virtues,' or 'victories' or 'noble deeds.' dreλet 'Ineffectual.'

48 τὰ μέν The answering δὲ would regularly come with the general sense of vv. 59-63, but the construction alters in the course of

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