:

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN VOL. I.

FIG.

1. Endosmometer,

2. Anterior view of the brain and spinal marrow,

3. Front view of the skull,

4. Falx cerebri and sinuses of upper and back part of skull,

5. Lateral view of the spinal column,

6. Longitudinal section of the brain on the mesial line,

7. The convolutions of one side of the cerebrum, as seen from above,
8. Superior part of the lateral ventricles, corpora striata, septum lucidum,
fornix, &c., as given by a transverse section of the cerebrum,

9. Section of the cerebrum, displaying the surfaces of the corpora striata,
and optic thalami, the cavity of the third ventricle, and the upper
surface of the cerebellum,

10. An under view of the cerebellum, seen from behind,

11. Posterior superior view of the pons Varolii, cerebellum, and medulla
oblongata and M. spinalis,

12. Analytical diagram of the encephalon-in a vertical section, after Mayo,
13. Anterior view of the medulla oblongata, showing the decussation of the
pyramids, and of the upper part of the spinal cord, after Mayo,
14. Transverse sections of the spinal cord, Todd and Bowman,
15. Shows the under surface or base of the encephalon freed from its
membranes,

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21. Plans in outline, showing the front A, and the sides B, of the spinal

20. A portion of the spinal marrow, showing the origin of some of the spinal nerves,

19. Represents a nerve consisting of many smaller cords or funiculi wrapped up in a common cellular sheath,

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16. Terminal nerves, on the sac of the second molar tooth of the lower jaw,
in the sheep; showing the arrangement in loops, after Valentin,
17, 18. Pacinian corpuscles, after Todd and Bowman,

cord, with the fissures upon it; also sections of the gray and white
matter, and the roots of the spinal nerves,

22. Roots of a dorsal spinal nerve, and its union with sympathetic, Todd

and Bowman,

23. Great sympathetic nerve,

24. Structure of the spinal cord, according to Stilling, 25. Transverse section of the medulla, after Stilling,

26. Tubular nerve-fibres,

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FIG.

27. Gelatinous nerve-fibres,

28. Ganglion corpuscles, after Valentin,

29. Stellate or caudate nerve-corpuscles, after Hannover, 30. Circle of Willis,

31. Sinuses of the base of the skull,

108

32. Capillary net-work of nervous centres, after Berres,

108

33. Distribution of capillaries at the surface of the skin of the finger, after Berres,

113

38. Vertical section of epidermis, from the palm of the hand, after Wilson, 39. Surface of the skin of the palm, showing the ridges, furrows, crossgrooves, and orifices of the sweat-ducts, Todd and Bowman,

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40. Vertical section of the cuticle from the scrotum of a negro, Todd and Bowman,

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.

41. Section of the skin,

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42. Papillæ of the palm, the cuticle being detached, magnified 35 diameters, 43. Sections of hair,

44. Thin layer from the scalp,

45. Magnified view of the root of the hair, Kohlrausch,

46. Section of the skin on the end of the finger, Todd and Bowman,
47. A. Separated epithelium cells from mucous membrane of the mouth.
B. Pavement-epithelium of the mucous membrane of the smaller bron-
chial tubes,

48. Tesselated epithelium,

49. Scales of tesselated epithelium, after Henle,

50. Diagram of the structure of an involuted mucous membrane, showing the continuation of its elements in the follicles and villi, Todd,

52. Capillary net-work at margin of lips, after Berres,

139

53. Front view of the upper surface of the tongue, as well as of the palatine arch, Wilson,

54. View of a papilla of the smallest class, magnified 25 diameters, Todd and Bowman,

145

55. Vertical section of one of the gustatory papilla of the largest class, showing its conical form, its sides, and the fissure between the different papillæ, Todd and Bowman,

56. The hypoglossal; lingual branch of fifth pair; glosso-pharyngeal and deep-seated nerves of the neck,

146

57. Papillæ of the tongue, Todd and Bowman,

147

58. Vertical section of the middle part of the nasal fossæ, giving a poste-
rior view of the arrangement of the ethmoidal cells, &c.,
59. View of the olfactory nerve, with its distribution on the septum nasi ;
the nares divided by a longitudinal section made immediately to the
left of the septum, the right nares being preserved entire,
60. A portion of the pituitary membrane of the nasal septum, magnified 9
times, showing the number, size, and arrangement of the mucous
crypts,

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FIG.

61. A portion of the pituitary membrane, with its arteries and veins injected, magnified 15 diameters,

62. Olfactory filaments of the dog, Todd and Bowman, 63. View of the left ear in its natural state,

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64. General view of the external, middle, and internal ear, as seen in a prepared section, from Scarpa,

175

65. Anterior view of the external ear, as well as of the meatus auditorius, labyrinth, &c.,

66. Membrana tympani from the outer (A) and from the inner (B) sides,
67. Ossicles of the left ear articulated, and seen from the outside and below,
68. Labyrinth separated from the solid bone in which it lies embedded,
69. Cochlea divided parallel with its axis, through the centre of the mo-
diolus, Breschet,

70. Osseous labyrinth laid open to show especially the membranous labyrinth,

71. Auditory nerve,

72. Ampulla of the external semicircular membranous canal, showing the mode of termination of its nerve,

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74. Papilla of the auditory nerve, on a segment of the spiral lamina of the cochlea of a young mouse,

73. Auditory nerve taken out of the cochlea,

75. Reflection of sound,

76. Vertical section of the head and neck, through the mesial line, to show the opening of the Eustachian tube and its relations to the pharynx,

77. Reflection and refraction of light,

84. Front view of the left eye-moderately opened,

85. Side view of the same eye, as in fig. 84, showing that the cilia of the upper lid are concave upwards, and those of the lower lid concave downwards. The general convexity of the eyeball is seen,

89. A.. An enlarged plan of the retina, in section. B. The outer surface of Jacob's membrane, from Hannover,

90. Part of the retina of a frog seen from the outer surface,

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91. Vertical section of the human retina and hyaloid membrane, after Todd and Bowman,

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92. Papillæ of the retina of the frog, seen from the side turned towards the
vitreous humour,
93. Plan of the structures in the fore part of the eye, seen in section,
94. Posterior segment of transverse section of the globe of the eye seen