ANALYTICAL INDEX OF APPENDIX OF CASES. REPORTED SINCE THE EDITION WENT TO PRESS. CORPORATIONS. Receivers appointed to close up when same are insolvent Commissioners appointed by special act of the legislature to arrange con nections between different companies Right of owner of shares to demand registry of transfer Costs of litigation when properly chargeable to company Transfer of shares as collateral security. Specific contract for sale of shares Right to inspect entries in books of company EMINENT DOMAIN. PAGE 675 675 675 676 . 676 676 676 Location of railway confirmed by statute Difficulty of access Company when liable in ejectment Relief by injunction for nuisance in navigable highway Notice to take land 676 . 677 677 677 677 Covenants against building upon adjoining lands 677 Extent of lien for price of land taken by railway company. . 677 May take land for substituted road, even when not strictly indispensable . 678 Extent of powers of company in building branches and new lines The interest of a railway company, laid in the streets of a city, in such streets 679 Injuries to land affecting easements therein, not taking of land Time and mode of exercising compulsory powers against land owners Concessions by natural persons to public company construed strictly 681 685 685 g FENCES Company not bound to fence against cattle trespassing. INJURIES IN THE NATURE OF TORTS DIRECTORS. 686 687 687 688 688 Directors responsible for the authority they assume 691 Directors when responsible for the act of co-directors 691 Power of directors and duty of courts in controlling their action. 691 692 Directors personally responsible to refund money expended by them in "rigging the market ” 693 MANDAMUS 693 § 1. 1. ALTHOUGH some of the Roman roads, like the Appian Way, were a somewhat near approach to the modern railway, being formed into a continuous plane surface, by means of blocks of stone fitted closely together, yet they were, in the principle of construction and operation, essentially different from railways. The idea of a distinct track, for the wheels of carriages, does not seem to have been reduced to practice until late in the seventeenth century. In 1676, some account is given of the transportation of coals near Newcastle, upon the river Tyne, upon a very imperfect railway, by means of rude carriages, whose wheels ran upon some kind of rails of timber.1 About one hundred years afterwards, an iron railway is said to have been constructed and put in operation at the colliery near Sheffield. From this time they were put into very extensive use, for conveying coal, stone, and other like substances, short distances, in order to reach navigable waters, and sometimes near the cities, where large quantities of stone were requisite for building purposes. 1 Roger North's Life of Lord Keeper North, vol. 2, p. 281; Ency. Americana, Art. Railway, vol. 10, p. 478. And in all the medieval towns in Europe, we notice double granite flagging, along the streets, for the wheels of carriages. And in the main street in Milan, and some other Italian towns, there are double tracks of this kind for carriages to pass in opposite directions. These granite blocks in the streets, for the wheels of carriages, are seen in Canterbury and in York, England; and in most of the Italian cities. But they seem never to have suggested the idea of railways. |