World Monarchies and DynastiesThroughout history, royal dynasties have dominated countries and empires around the world. Kings, queens, emperors, chiefs, pharaohs, czars - whatever title they ruled by, monarchs have shaped institutions, rituals, and cultures in every time period and every corner of the globe. The concept of monarchy originated in prehistoric times and evolved over centuries right up to the present. Efforts to overthrow monarchies or evade their rule - such as the American, French, Chinese, and Russian revolutions - are considered turning points in world history. Even today, many countries retain their monarchies, although in vastly reduced form with little political power. One cannot understand human history and government without understanding monarchs and monarchies. This fully-illustrated encyclopedia provides the first complete survey of all the major rulers and ruling families of the world, past and present. No other reference work approaches the topic with the same sense of magnitude or connection to historical context. Arranged in A-Z format for ease of access, World Monarchies and Dynasties includes information on major monarchs and dynasties from ancient time to the present. This set: includes overviews of reigns and successions, genealogical charts, and dynastic timelines; addresses concepts, problems, and theories of monarchy; provides background and information for further research; highlights important places, structures, symbols, events, and legends related to particular monarchs and dynasties; includes a master bibliography and multiple indexes. |
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Page 3
... German investment to foster development in his indebted empire. Despite Abd al-Hamid's attempts to strengthen the Ottoman Empire's international position, he was unable to revitalize the regime and effectively oppose Western imperialism ...
... German investment to foster development in his indebted empire. Despite Abd al-Hamid's attempts to strengthen the Ottoman Empire's international position, he was unable to revitalize the regime and effectively oppose Western imperialism ...
Page 24
... Germans. Toward the end of Rudolph's reign, the German princes, or electors, became afraid of the growing power and independence of the Habsburgs.Thus, after Rudolph's death in 1291, the electors, led by Archbishop Gerhard Mainz, acted ...
... Germans. Toward the end of Rudolph's reign, the German princes, or electors, became afraid of the growing power and independence of the Habsburgs.Thus, after Rudolph's death in 1291, the electors, led by Archbishop Gerhard Mainz, acted ...
Page 25
... German princes, was Henry of Luxembourg, who ruled as Henry VII (r. 1308– 1313). See also:Habsburg Dynasty; Holy Roman Empire; Philip IV, the Fair; Rudolf I. FURTHER READING Heer, Friedrich. The Holy Roman Empire. London: Weidenfeld ...
... German princes, was Henry of Luxembourg, who ruled as Henry VII (r. 1308– 1313). See also:Habsburg Dynasty; Holy Roman Empire; Philip IV, the Fair; Rudolf I. FURTHER READING Heer, Friedrich. The Holy Roman Empire. London: Weidenfeld ...
Page 31
... German Empire, in 1872. Her mother Alice was a daughter of Queen Victoria of Great Britain. When Alexandra visited Russia in 1889, the heir to the Russian throne, the Tsarevich Nicholas, fell in love with her. Nicholas and Alexandra ...
... German Empire, in 1872. Her mother Alice was a daughter of Queen Victoria of Great Britain. When Alexandra visited Russia in 1889, the heir to the Russian throne, the Tsarevich Nicholas, fell in love with her. Nicholas and Alexandra ...
Page 32
... German king Philip of Swabia (r. 1198–1208), through whom Alfonso had a claim to the throne of the Holy Roman Empire. When Ferdinand died in 1252,Alfonso succeeded to the throne and continued Ferdinand's campaign to drive the Moors from ...
... German king Philip of Swabia (r. 1198–1208), through whom Alfonso had a claim to the throne of the Holy Roman Empire. When Ferdinand died in 1252,Alfonso succeeded to the throne and continued Ferdinand's campaign to drive the Moors from ...
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