Calculus: One-variable calculus, with an introduction to linear algebra

a₁ algebraic Assume axioms b₁ c₁ c₂ calculus called Cartesian equation chain rule complex numbers compute constant continuous functions converges coordinates curve deduce defined definition denote derivative determine difference quotient differential equation directrix domain dot product elements ellipse equal example Exercises finite formula function f ƒ and g geometric given graph of ƒ hence indefinite integral induction inequality integer L'Hôpital's rule least upper bound Let f(x limit linear space logarithm mathematical multiply negative nonnegative notation obtain open interval ordinate set orthogonal parabola plane polynomial positive integer positive number Proof properties prove radius real numbers rectangle satisfies scalar Section shown in Figure sin² solution step functions subintervals symbol tangent line upper bound vector velocity well-ordering principle write x-axis y₁ zero