Epidemiology: An IntroductionAcross the last forty years, epidemiology has developed into a vibrant scientific discipline that brings together the social and biological sciences, incorporating everything from statistics to the philosophy of science in its aim to study and track the distribution and determinants of health events. A now-classic text, the second edition of this essential introduction to epidemiology presents the core concepts in a unified approach that aims to cut through the fog and elucidate the fundamental concepts. Rather than focusing on formulas or dogma, the book presents basic epidemiologic principles and concepts in a coherent and straightforward exposition. By emphasizing a unifying set of ideas, students will develop a strong foundation for understanding the principles of epidemiologic research. |
From inside the book
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Page ix
... Epidemiologic Thinking 1 2. Pioneers in Epidemiology and Public Health 8 3. What Is Causation? 23 4. Measuring Disease Occurrence and Causal Effects 38 5. Types of Epidemiologic Studies 69 6. Infectious Disease Epidemiology 110 7 ...
... Epidemiologic Thinking 1 2. Pioneers in Epidemiology and Public Health 8 3. What Is Causation? 23 4. Measuring Disease Occurrence and Causal Effects 38 5. Types of Epidemiologic Studies 69 6. Infectious Disease Epidemiology 110 7 ...
Page 1
... Epidemiology has been defined as “the study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency,”1 or even more simply as “the study of the occurrence of illness.”2 The principles of epidemiologic research appear deceptively ...
... Epidemiology has been defined as “the study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency,”1 or even more simply as “the study of the occurrence of illness.”2 The principles of epidemiologic research appear deceptively ...
Page 3
... survey and that many of the nonsmokers started smoking. Although this scenario is possible, it is implausible; without evidence for these changes in smoking behavior, this implausible scenario is not a reasonable criticism of the study ...
... survey and that many of the nonsmokers started smoking. Although this scenario is possible, it is implausible; without evidence for these changes in smoking behavior, this implausible scenario is not a reasonable criticism of the study ...
Page 4
... epidemiologic studies, but it is by no means the only issue that bedevils epidemiologic inferences. One day, readers of the Boston Globe opened the paper to find a feature story about orchestra conductors. The point of the article was ...
... epidemiologic studies, but it is by no means the only issue that bedevils epidemiologic inferences. One day, readers of the Boston Globe opened the paper to find a feature story about orchestra conductors. The point of the article was ...
Page 11
... study. In it, one can easily see the foreshadowing of modern epidemiologic theory4: The knowledge of anything, since all things have causes, is not acquired or complete unless it is known by its causes. Therefore in medicine we ought to ...
... study. In it, one can easily see the foreshadowing of modern epidemiologic theory4: The knowledge of anything, since all things have causes, is not acquired or complete unless it is known by its causes. Therefore in medicine we ought to ...
Contents
1 | |
8 | |
3 What Is Causation? | 23 |
4 Measuring Disease Occurrence and Causal Effects | 38 |
5 Types of Epidemiologic Studies | 69 |
6 Infectious Disease Epidemiology | 110 |
7 Dealing with Biases | 124 |
8 Random Error and the Role of Statistics | 148 |
9 Analyzing Simple Epidemiologic Data | 164 |
10 Controlling Confounding by Stratifying Data | 176 |
11 Measuring Interactions | 198 |
12 Using Regression Models in Epidemiologic Analysis | 211 |
13 Epidemiology in Clinical Settings | 235 |
Appendix | 254 |
Index | 257 |
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Common terms and phrases
age categories approach asbestos bare-metal stents biologic interaction birth order breast cancer calculated case-cohort study case-control study causal mechanism Chapter cholera clinical cohort study compared component causes confidence interval confounding factor control confounding control series curve data in Table denominator described drug-eluting stent epidemic epidemiologic epidemiologic study evaluation example experiment exposed and unexposed Figure flutamide follow-up incidence proportion incidence rate ratio induction infection influenza investigator matching measure misclassification mortality rate nonsmokers null hypothesis obtain occur odds ratio outbreak outcome P-value P-value function patients period person person-time person-years placebo population at risk predicted prevalence prevent confounding propensity score random assignment randomized trial rate difference rate ratio regression model relation reproductive number result risk data risk difference risk factor risk of death risk ratio sampling selection bias significance testing source population specific standard statistical significance strata stratified analysis subjects Suppose tion tolbutamide treatment unexposed group vaccine variable women