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factor of his People; whofe Character (as the Author obferves in the Conclufion of it) will command the Admiration of all fucceeding Generations; and I suppose I lament, that God is pleafed to advance to Royalty fo few fuch Inftruments of Good to Mankind. Harry IV. of France had every Quality to make a Prince amiable: Courage, Humanity, Clemency, Generofity, Affability, Politeness; his Behaviour on every Occafion is charming; and I cannot read the Account of him, given us by his Prime Minifter (Sully) without Emotion. I do not wonder, if what is reported is true; that [b] at least fifty Perfons have written his History; and that he has been celebrated in Poems, and Panegyricks, by above five hundred: there are few fuch Subjects to be met with; and few Princes, who have fo juftly deserved the Title of Great. His Grandfon had the fame Title beftowed on him; but how little did he deferve it! He has been celebrated by as many Historiographers and Poets; but they are mostly fuch as he hired for that Purpose; and none of them, even Voltaire himfelf, will be able to pass him for a great Man on unprejudiced Pofterity. Compare him with his Grandfather, you will find him the reverse. Henry was bred to Toil and Hardships; Lewis in Luxury and Effeminacy. Henry pleasant, eafy, and affable; Lewis formal, haughty and reserved. Henry brave, and expofing himself to all Dangers; Lewis cautious, and always in a fecure Poft. The one gaining Victories by himself, and his own personal Valour; the other by his Generals, and Superiority of Num-Turkish Spy, Vol. I. B. ii. Let. 20. I 4

[b] Moreri's Dictionary.

bers.

bers. The one pleafed with performing great A&i¬ ons; the other with being flattered for those which he never performed. The firft ambitious of true; and the laft of falle Glory. Henry ftabbed by Jefuits; Lewis governed by them. The one forgiving Rebels and Affaffins; the other encouraging both. Henry perfecuted; Lewis a Perfecutor. The firft granting Liberty of Confcience; the laft taking it away. Henry promoting the Silk Manufacture in France; Lewis in England. One treating his Subjects as his Children; the other as his Slaves. Henry bravely afferting his own Rights; Lewis bafely encroaching on thofe of his Neighbours. Henry extricating his Country from Mifery, and laying the Foundation of her Grandeur; Lewis fquandering her Blood and Treafure, and reducing her from Grandeur to the Brink of Deftruction. Henry forming Schemes for the perpetual Peace of Europe; Lewis perpetually to difturb it. How little is Lewis, compared to Henry the Great!

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But to return to my Subject. I am uneasy, when I fee a Dog, a Horfe, or any other Animal ill treated; for I confider them as endued with quick Senfe, and no contemptible Share of Reafon; and that God gave Man Dominion over them, not to play the Tyrant, but to be a good Prince, and promote the Happiness of his Subjects. But I am much more uneafy at any Cruelty to my own Species; and heartily with Procruftes difciplined in his own Bed, and Phalaris in his Bull. A Man bruised all over in a Boxing Match, or cut to Pieces in fighting a Prize,

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is a fhocking Spectacle; and I think I could, with lefs Horror, fee a thoufand fall in Battle, than Human Nature thus depreciated and difgraced. Violence, when exerted in Wantonnefs or Paffion, is Brutality; and can be termed Bravery, only when it is fanctified by Juftice and Neceffity. A mangled Carcafe is not a pleafing Sight. Why therefore do Men pay for it? and the great Vulgar encourage these Disorders among the Small? It is not Choice, but Affectation. As many, who neither love nor understand Mufick, go to an Opera to gain the Reputation of Conoiffeurs; many go to Broughton's Theatre, to avoid the Imputation of being Cowards; but when they are at so much Pains to avoid the Imputation, it raises a Sufpicion that they are so.

I have been in a Situation to fee not a little of the Pomp and Vanity, as well as of the Neceffity and Mifery of Mankind; but the laft only affect me ; and if, as a Magiftrate, I am ever guilty of Partiality, it is in Favour of the Poor. When I am at Church among my poor, but honeft, Neighbours in the Country; and fee them serious in performing the Ceremonies prescribed; Tears fometimes fteal down my Cheek, on reflecting, that they are doing and hearing many Things they do not understand; while thofe, who understand them better, neglect them: that they, who labour and live hard, are more thankful to Heaven, than those who fare luxurioufly on the Fruits of their Labour; and are keeping and repeating the fourth Commandment, at the very Inftant the others are breaking it.

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These are some of the Senfations I feel; which I have freely and fairly disclosed, that the Reader may judge, how far I am an Inftance of a deformed Perfon wanting natural Affection. And I am a good Subject of Speculation; for all in me is Nature: for to own the Truth, I have taken but little Pains (though much I ought to have taken) to correct my natural Defects.

Lord Bacon's next Pofition is, "That deformed "Persons are extremely bold. First in their own "Defence, as being exposed to Scorn; but in Pro

cefs of Time by a general Habit."-This, probably is fo among the inferior Sort, who are in the way of continual Infults; for a return of Abuse is a natural Weapon of Self-defence; and in fome Meafure juftified by the Law of Retaliation: to upbraid a Man with a perfonal Defect, which he cannot help, is also an immoral Act; and he who does it, has reason to expect no better Quarter than to hear of Faults, which it was in his own Power not to commit. But I find this Obfervation far from being verified in myself: an unbecoming Bashfulness has been the Confequence of my ill Figure, and of the worse Management of me in my Childhood. I am always uneafy, when any one looks ftedfaftly on fo bad a Picture; and cannot look with a proper Confidence in the Face of another. I have ever reproached myself with this Weakness, but am not able to correct it. And it may be a Difadvantage to a Man in the Opinion of those he converses with; for

though

through true Modefty is amiable, the falle is liable to Mifconftruction: and when a Man is out of Countenance for no Reason, it may be imagined, that he has fome bad Reafon for being fo. In point of Affurance, I am indeed a perfect Riddle to myself; for 1, who feel a Reluctance in croffing a Drawing-room, or in opening my Mouth in private Company before Perfons with whom I am not well acquainted, find little in delivering my Sentiments in Publick, and expofing my Difcourse, often as trifling as my Person, to the Ears of a Thoufand. From what Caufe this proceeds I know not: it may be, partly from Hopes of wiping off any ill Impreffions from my Perfon by my Difcourfe; partly from a Senfe of doing my Duty; and partly from a Security in public Affemblies from any gross personal Reflexions.

Lord Bacon compares the Cafe of deformed Perfons to that of Eunuchs; " in whom Kings were wont "to put great Trust as good Spials and Whisperers; "for they that are envious towards all, are more "obnoxious and officious towards one."--But, with Submiffion to fo good a Judge of Human Nature, I own, I can discover no uncommon Qualification in them for Spies; and very few motives to Envy peculiar to themselves. Spies fubmit to that bafe and ungenerous Office, either for the Sake of Intereft or Power: if for Intereft, it is to gratify their Covetoufnefs; if for Power, their Ambition or Revenge: which Paffions are not confined to the Eunuch or Deformed ; but indifcriminately feize all Claffes of Men. Envy too may prompt a Man to mean Actions, in order to

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