mour.

the face is one showing much character and huI am sorry that I cannot refer your correspondent to the pieces in the first numbers of the Gentleman's Magazine, which were written by my progenitor; it is quite possible that some records of them exist, but being as I am far from my relations I cannot make any search. When at my father's house in Suffolk, a short time ago, I put the question to him, and he replied that he really had never thought of making any minutes of the matter, and had no records at hand, but that the Gentleman's Magazine always laid, number after number, upon his grandfather's table, and that he used to correct proofs for it, and would occasionally refer to his effusions. It seems, indeed to have been so well known as to excite no question or inquiry. All I can add is, that if your correspondent will turn, as I have lately done, to the first few numbers of the Gentleman's Magazine, he will light upon several pieces bearing a great resemblance to "The Vicar and Moses." Finally, let me say that I make no claim on behalf of my ancestor for the authorship of a piece which has no great literary merit, as it appears to me, but seems to have hit the public fancy. The authorship of it has always been looked upon in our family as a matter of certain knowledge, and letter was only drawn forth by the interest taken in the question by a leading antiquary, my personal friend. T. CLIFFORD ALLBUTT.

my

LOCALITY OF ZION IN EARLY WRITERS.

(3rd S. vii. 215, 306.)

The words of Epiphanius, on which I rest as showing what hill he regarded as Zion, are vûv dè τμηθεῖσα; this he affirms of ἡ ἄκρα ἡ ποτὲ ὑπάρχουσα ev Zdv; so that although, as DR. BONAR states, another akra is mentioned in Josephus (and I may add in the Maccabees), and though the word may be used of any fortress, yet here we have distinctly the akra that was formerly in Zion, but which is now cut down. This identifies it with the akra on the same hill as the temple to the north, marking the eastern hill as Zion. That the temple hill was ploughed we know as an historical fact:

"The Jewish writers relate, and their account is adopted by Jerome, who has unfortunately confounded the events of the times of Titus and Hadrian, that the plough was drawn over the site of the temple, as a mark of perpetual interdiction There is in this instance the less reason to doubt the substantial truth of the statement, since the Jews specify the name of the Roman, Turranius Rufus, by whom the ceremony was performed."-Antient Jerusalem, by the Rev. J. F. Thrupp, p. 201.

I ought perhaps to have mentioned that the passage from Epiphanius has been used by Mr. Fergusson for another purpose; he, like DR. BONAR, seems not to have noticed the identification shown

by the mention of the akra in Zion, now cut down.

Apart from evidence I cannot believe that there is any Jewish identification of Zion with the south-western hill. We know that the name of Zion for that mount gradually grew up amongst Christians; but it could not have been a settled point when Eusebius in the fourth century, and before him Origen, in the third, knew well that Zion was the temple hill. I do not believe that any one, from scripture alone, and except on the ground of comparatively modern traditions, has ever thought, or could think, that Zion was other than the temple hill :

:

"For the Lord hath chosen Zion: He hath desired it for His habitation: this is my rest for ever. Here will I dwell, for I have desired it."—Psalm cxxxii. 13, 14; (see too Psalm lxxiv. 2, 3.)

I am perfectly willing to receive DR. BONAR'S correction as to the distance of Neby-Semwil from Jerusalem, although in Van de Velde's Survey the road marked is not quite five miles. There is no temerity, however, in conjecturing a wrong numeral in Epiphanius; such mistakes of copyists are habitual, and in the case of Epiphanius, MS. authority is not very abundant. Prof. W. Dindorf, in his late. edition of Epiphanius, has done much for the criticism of the text; and to his clear statements I must refer those who wish to know what MSS. exist of that writer, and how far they have been available for the emendation of the text; a thing which Dindorf has well performed.

Any reference to what might be the Gabaon of Epiphanius is wholly irrespective of the subject of the present inquiry, as to which I maintain that the evidence of Epiphanius, Eusebius, and Origen is free from a shadow of ambiguity. S. P. TREGELLES.

Plymouth.

"PISCIS FLOTANS" (3rd S. vii. 55, 124, 288.) – I know not whether it may be worth while to add dab, or flounder, as P. S. C. seems to conclude, that the fletta, flet, might probably be, not the but the holibut, which is called by Lacepède best modern naturalists. See Couch's Fishes, art. Pleuronecte fletan, and Hippoglossus by most of our "Holibut," vol. iii. p. 149. C. W. BINGHAM.

THE FLEURS-DE-LYS OF FRANCE (3rd S. vii. 338.)-The change in the royal arms of France was made by Charles V. about the year 1365. On the Great Seal of Henry IV. of England the banners appear charged with France Modern. (See Boutell's Heraldry, Historical and Popular, 1865, pp. 296-7.) J. WOODWARD.

KINGDOM OF DALMATIA (3rd S. vii. 339.)—The leopards' heads on the thalers of Rudolph II. would be the arms of the kingdom of Dalmatia, viz.: az. three leopards' heads caboshed, crowned

of a Brownie was Bodsbeck in Moffatshire. In The White Wife, I showed that belief in the Brownie existed in the Western Highlands in 1863; and, in these pages, at the above references, it was shown by F. A. M. and myself that the Carskey Brownie (Beag-bheul, or "Little-mouth") was supposed to exist so late as the Christmas of 1864. A correspondent of the Argyllshire Herald carries us down to a date still more recent; for, in the issue of that paper for April 22, 1865, the writer, in describing the island of Cara (one of the south Hebridean group, to the west of Cantire) speaks of the rock called "the Brownie's Chair," and of the Brownie who was supposed to have his habitation there. He then says,

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CUTHBERT BEDE.

CARABOO (3rd S. vii. 196, 269, 310.)-Reference on this subject may be made to a brief article entitled "Notice of the pretended Princess Caraboo, by Archbishop Whately," published in The Rose, the Shamrock, and the Thistle Magazine for April, 1863. The Archbishop gives her name as Mary Baker-thus confirming the statement of your correspondent, MR. GEORGE PRYCE; and he further tells, how he exhibited specimens of her writing friend Hawkins (now Provost of to my Oriel College), to Dr. Copleston, who was then Provost, and to Dr. Macbride, the Principal of Magdalen Hall; all of whom concurred in my judgment that the scrawls were specimens of the Humbug language." On this circumstance, however, becoming known to a certain person, he stated in the Times, that a specimen of Caraboo's handwriting" had been sent to the University of Oxford, which had pronounced it to be the writing of no known language!" The Archbishop considered Caraboo "a professed and notorious liar; and, in speaking of the credence given to her later statements, says,-"Some persons appear to consider mendacity as a disease analogous to the measles, from which a person who has once had it is thenceforth secure.' CUTHBERT BEDE.

Costessy, and Colton, all in the vicinity of Wy-
mondham, and an elder branch at Snetterton near
Thetford.
H. DAVENEY.

Blofield.

FLEURS-DE-LYS (3rd S. vii. 338.)-MR. DAVIDSON will find an answer to his query in Sandford's Genealogical History, pp. 270, 239. He says:

"This Henry (V.), being Prince of Wales, as appeareth by his seal annexed to two several indentures, the one dated the 6th day of March, An. 6th, and the other on the 7th of May, An. the 8th of Henry the 4th, his father.. did bear azure, 3 flowers de lys or, for the kingdom of France (reducing them from semée to the number 3, as did Charles VI. the present French King, quartered with 3 lyons of England: which makes me of opinion that King Henry IV., this prince's father (although he made use of no other seal than that in which the flowers-de-lys are semée) was the first king of England that, in imitation of his said contemporary Charles VI., reduced that number to 3 flowers-de-luce, for I find them so in his escocheon, impaling the arms of Joanne of of Navarre his second wife, at the head of his tomb at Canterbury.

"By this seal of Prince Henry it most certainly appears that he, so early as the 6th year of Henry IV. his said father, bare in his achievement only 3 flowers-de-lys." (Cf. Willement's Regal Heraldry, pp. 32, 33.)

LEWIS EVANS.

1067 of the Harl. MSS., at fol. 46, there is a pediARMS OF FRETWELL (3rd S. vii. 221.)-In No. gree of the family of Spencer, of Bramley Grange, co. York, in the handwriting of Geo. Owen, York Herald; and in it is sketched the coat," Argent, three fleurs-de-lis gules" as belonging to Ralph W. D. HOYLE. Fretwell of Hellaby.

PEREIRA FAMILY (3rd S. vii. 221.)-Perhaps the following notes may be of service to H. W. T.:

From The Universal Pocket Companion, 1741:"David Lopez Pereira, merchant, St. Mary Axe. Francis Pereira, ibid.

Isaac Alvarez Pereira, merchant, Bury Street.
Pereira and Lima, Jeffery's Square."

From Boyle's City Companion, 1798: — "B. M. Pereira, Esq., 5, Finsbury Square. [In another place, Finsbury Terrace.]

Mrs. Pereira, 6, Church Row, Fenchurch Street.
Isaac Lopez Pereira Esq., Artillery Street."

R. I. F.

WRITERS ON GAME COCKS (2nd S. xii. 210.)— Εἰς μὲν γὰρ μάχην ὁρμωμένῳ καλῶς ἔχει κρόμυον ὑποτρώγειν, ὥσπηρ ἔνιοι τοὺς ἀλεκτρυόνας σκόροδα σιτίσαντες σvμsáλλovσw.-Xenophontis Convivium, c. 4, § 7, p. 17, ed. Bornemann, Lipsia, 1824.

Chor. ̓́Εχε νῦν, ἐπέγκαψον λαβὼν ταδέ. Bot. τί δαί;
Chor. "Ιν' ἄμεινον ὦ τὰν ἐσκοροδισμένος μάχῃ.
Equites, v. 491.

The scholiast says: Μετήνεγκεν ἀπὸ τῶν ἀλεκ τρυόνων, ὁτὰν γὰρ εἰς μάχην συμβάλλωσιν αὐτοὺς, σκόροδα διδόασιν αὐτοῖς ἵνα δριμύτεροι ὦσιν ἐν τῇ μάχῃ.—Sch. ad locum. FITZHOPKINS.

Garrick Club.

BISHOPS' BARONIES, ETC. (3rd S. vii. 273.)In the interesting article on the Precedency of Bishops' Wives, it is said that bishops sit in the House of Lords in right of the temporal baronies attached to their bishoprics, and that this is proved "by their title of baron, viscount, or earl, according to the title attached to each see.' I suppose the bishopric of Durham to be that to which the title of earl is, or was, attached, in right of the county palatine of Durham and the earldom of Sedburgh, but to which bishopric was the title of viscount attached? Was it to any?

New Shoreham.

J. WOODWARD.

MARRIAGE RINGS (3rd S. vii. 12, 307, 350.)—I know there is a general impression amongst the peasantry in Ireland, that a marriage without a gold ring is not legal either by canon or civil law; and at one time I knew a parish town in the south-east of Ireland, where a person kept a few gold wedding-rings for hire. When the parties being married were too poor to purchase a ring of the precious metal, the person alluded to lent a ring, for which he received a small fee, the ring being returned after the performance of the ceremony. S. REDMOND. Liverpool.

The shrewd remark of Swinburne, "the oracle of canon law," that

"it skilleth not at this day, what metal the ring be of; the form of it being round, and without end, doth import that their love may circulate and flow continually," ought perhaps to have been satisfactory and decisive to R. C. L. and all impatient bachelors. The example, however, of the ancient Hebrew is in this respect worthy of imitation:

66

They acknowledged also the planet Jupiter (which they called, Mazal Tob) to be a very favour

able star. For which reason it was that the new married man was wont to give his bride a ring, whereon was engraved the forenamed words, 21; that is to say, in the natural signification of the words, a good star, or good fortune, desiring by this ceremony that she might be delivered of all her children, under this favourable starre ; as it hath been observed, both by Munster, Aben-Ezra, and Chomer."-Unheard of Curiosities, by James Gaffarel, chap. xi.

J. WETHERELL.

BURGH (3rd S. vii. 260.)—“We cannot discover the family name of Frances the wife of Thomas Lord Burgh, who died 1597." Since the above appeared in "N. &. Q."I have seen the will of Mrs. Blanche Parry, dated 1589 [1590], in which she gives "to the Right Honourable the Lady Frances Burghe, my niece, one hundred pounds." This niece was the daughter of her (Mrs. Blanche's) sister, Elizabeth Parry, and wife of Thomas, Lord Burgh, who died in Ireland, 1597. Mrs. Blanche Parry also gives in her will "to Mrs. Frances Burgh, my god-daughter, 201., and to

These two last

Mrs. Elizabeth Burghe 201.”
named girls were daughters of Thomas Lord
Burghe, who married Frances, the niece of Mrs.
Blanche Parry.
F. C.

[We shall feel obliged by the copy of the will so kindly offered by our correspondent.]

GENERAL RICHARD FORTESCUE: LIEUT.-COL. FENWICK: FORTESCUES OF FALLAPIT (3rd S. vii. 341.)-As in future ages "N. & Q." may be quoted as an authority for any statement found in it remaining uncorrected, I may inform BREVIS that Lieut.-Col. Fenwick did not lose his leg "at Albuera, in Spain, or on the Pyrenees," but at Busaco. I knew Lieut.-Col. Fenwick forty years ago; I last saw him at the landing at Falmouth, in Sept. 1828, of Queen Maria da Gloria of Portugal; he was then grandly decorated with Portuguese orders. I have always been interested in Pendennis Castle; an ancestor of mine is (traditionally) known as one of its defenders. Not all "the Devon Fortescues sided with the Parliament;" witness Sir Edmund Fortescue, of Fallapit, the loyal defender of Fort Charles in 1646. For the siege of Fort Charles, list of the garrison, &c., see Kingsbridge and Salcombe, with the intermediate Estuary described, [by Abraham Hawkins, of Alston, Esq.], 1819, pp. 87-93. A photograph of the ruins of Fort Charles is given in Kingsbridge Estuary, compiled by S. P. Fox, 1864. There is also one of Fallapit, the abode of its brave defender.

LÆLIUS.

PEWS (3rd S. vii. 267.)-For the information of SIR THOMAS E. WINNINGTON, and other of your readers interested in the matter, I beg to state that two pews, formerly the seats of the Earls of Oxford (De Vere), and the family of the Springs, are still standing in the interesting church of Lavenham, Suffolk. They are highly finished specimens of the style of Henry VII.'s Chapel at Westminster, most elaborately wrought; if possible that of the latter family more so than that of the former. They are both however somewhat decayed, and the Oxford bearings have in every instance been removed from the shields in the decorations. This may probably be accounted for by the fact that in the former case they were affixed to the shields, while in the latter they were carved upon them. GEORGE VICKERS.

Shimpling, Bury St. Edmunds.

WORDS USED IN DIFFERENT SENSES (3rd S. vii. 278.)-The word nervous is either used to imply energy or feebleness. It is an old joke against magistrates that they administer indifferent justice. The riddle tells us the soul is immaterial. We use the verb to incense in the north of England not as meaning to make one angry, but to make one understand; but as this is a provincialism it may be that insense is the properer way to spell it.

P. P.