is so fine in Milton, and the want of which is the fault of Shel

ley and Mrs. Browning:

Lucifer. Dost thou remember, Adam, when the curse

Took us in Eden? On a mountain-peak

Half-sheathed in primal woods, and glittering

In spasms of awful sunshine, at that hour

A lion couched,―part raised upon his paws,
With his calm massive face turned full on thine,
And his mane listening. When the ended curse
Left silence in the world,-right suddenly

He sprang up rampant, and stood straight and stiff,-
And roared so fierce-

Then, at once,

He fell back, and rolled crashing from the height,
Hid by the dark orbed pines.

Of Mrs. Browning's shorter pieces, perhaps these three-Cowper's Grave; The Cry of the Human; He giveth his Beloved, Sleep-have never, for sobbing, wailing pathos, for the out-cry and moan of humanity, steeped in the very blood of the Redeemer, been exceeded in the writings of men. We are not insensible to her faults; the inequality in her poems is very great, and in metaphysics and subtlety she often fails. But, in the very essence of poetry, she is to be ranked with the greatest of earth. And it is well that one of the sex of Eve and of Mary, should have had at once the genius and the sympathy fitly to set man forth as lost yet redeemed to make us feel at once the anguish and yet the glory of humanity, the accursed and yet the blood-bought!

LITERARY AND THEOLOGICAL INTELLIGENCE.

HUNGARY.

The principal Hungarian Journals, as given by a correspondent of the French Athenæum, are the following: (1.) Pesth Journal, daily, established in 1850, by Csaszar, the poet; devoted to politics and literature ; it has a circulation of 5000 at 50 francs per annum. (2.) The Hungarian Press, established at Vienna, in 1855, by Török; this is an opposition journal, publishing daily 2,500 copies; besides politics and current news, it also contains romances, criticisms, etc. (3.) The Ladies' Courier, a journal of modes, edited by Berecz, also a daily paper, circulating 800 copies, at 40 francs a year. (4.) The Sunday Gazette, begun in 1854, in 4to, with illustrations: 2000 copies at 12 francs. (5.) Delibab; the name is taken from a popular superstition, that a sorceress, Delibab, causes the mirages and fata morgana: a literary journal, established in 1855, 25 francs per annum. (6.) The New Hungarian Museum, a scientific periodical, which dates from 1850, edited by Francis Schedel, published once a month, devoted to science, history, philosophy: 800 copies are issued, at 25 francs subscription. (7.) The Hungarian Philologist, is published once in two months, at 12 francs; it investigates chiefly the Hungarian language, its old idioms, contending for its origin from the Suomi language; its writers embrace a new Hungarian school of philology, termed Finnists, in opposition to the Orientalists and Germanists. (8.) The Pesth Lloyds, in German, founded in 1853, a commercial newspaper, daily, 3000 subscribers. (9.) The Pesth Sunday Gazette, in German, weekly, 4000 copies, at 12 francs. (10.) Pesth Sunday Newspaper. (11.) Review of Hungarian Art, the first publication of the kind in Hungary, is a quarterly journal, edited by Kertheny, the author of Hungarian Bibliography. It issues only 500 copies.

The Moniteur of the Hungarian Academy appears once a month as a supplement to the New Hungarian Museum.

In 1806, the first political journal was issued in the Magyar language: it was succeeded in 1830, by The Present Times, which expired in 1848, edited by Etienne Szechenyi, minister during the revolution. Kossuth established in 1841 the Pesth Gazette, and edited it till 1844; its subscription reached for Hungary, the enormous number of 11,000. Baron Eötvös, one of the ablest writers of Hungary, succeeded him. The government established an opposition daily, The Light, in 1841; it lasted till 1848.

Several literary and scientific periodicals have ceased to exist. The Scientific Collection, founded in 1817, by Vörörmartry, a monthly, devoted to science, art, bibliography, etc. The Scientific Magazine, 1834, also a monthly. The Aurora, a Keepsake, 1822-1828, by Kisfaludy.

The Athenæum, by Toldy & others, 1834-1846, with contributions from Petöfi, the Beranger of Hungary.

Baron Eötvös, already known in English literature by the translation of his romances, now the President of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, has published at Pesth, a work in two volumes, on "The Influence of dominant Ideas upon the political State of the Nineteenth Century." The dominant ideas are those of liberty, equality and nationality; the problem is to reconcile them with individual liberty: he advocates for Hungary the self-government of the municipalities, together with a political centralization.

SWITZERLAND.

An important work, illustrative of the History of the Reformation in Switzerland, has been recently brought to light in full by Gustave Revilliod, and published at Geneva. It is Anthoine Fromment's, "The wonderful Acts and Deeds of the City of Geneva, newly converted to the Gospel, performed at the Period of the Reformation, and how they were received." It is written in the form of chronicles, or annals, beginning with 1532. Only fragments of it have been hitherto published. It is especially devoted to the career of Farel, who came to Geneva with Sonnier, on a missionary tour, in 1532; his contests with the civil authorities, and with the notorious Doctor Furbitz, the most zealous opponent of the reform, are fully narrated.

In Switzerland are now published more than 563 journals and reviews; in Italy 311; in Saxony 220; in Austria 271; in Bavaria 178; in Wurtemberg 99; in Hanover 89.

ITALY.

The Chevalier Guiseppe de Cesare died at Naples, 15th April, aged 79 years; in 1805 he published an edition of the Agricola of Tacitus, with learned notes; in 1807 a long examination of Dante's Divine Comedy; besides a Dissertation on the Origin of Sacrifices, an historical romance, and other works.

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Legal Monuments of Sardinia from the Twelfth to the Fifteenth Century," collected by a Society of Jurisconsults: Turin.

Nicolas Barozzi and William Berchet are preparing an important historical work for publication at Venice; it is the "Narratives upon the European States, addressed and read to the Venetian Senate, by the Ambassadors of the Republic, during the Seventeenth Century." These documents have already been used in part by Ranke and other eminent historians; they will form a most important addition to the sources of history. The Venetian ambassadors were required to send minute reports of all important men and affairs.

The Contemporary Review of Turin, has lately given an inedited life of Mazarin, preserved in the library of the University of Turin, and written by a prince of the house of Savoy, probably Cardinal Maurice. By this

work, and the recent researches of Cousin, new light is thrown upon the career of Mazarin and his times. Amédée Renéc has published, in Paris, a work on the "Nieces of Mazarin."

Andrea Zambelli, Professor of Law in the University of Pavia, has read before the Lombard Institute, and published, eight memoirs upon the "Political Influence of Islamism," which are highly praised for their learning and elegance. He is the author of works on the "Different Treatment of Foreigners in the Politics of ancient and modern Times," (1850;) and on the "Effects of ancient Paganism," (1851.)

At the University of Padua there were 1,149 students in the winter 1855-6; 200 less than the previous year, and 600 less than in 1847.

The first volume of Gioberti's posthumous works has been published, advocating Catholic reform in the following particulars: 1. Annulling the temporal power of the Pope. 2. A more thorough instruction of the priesthood. 3. The liberty of all ecclesiastical orders, and the reform of convents. 4. Abolition of the Jesuits. 5. Two orders of priests, married and unmarried. 6. A general reform of ecclesiastical legislation and discipline.

FRANCE.

A new collection of Memoirs relating to the History of France, is announced by Jannet, to consist of not less than 200 volumes. It will not only comprise the whole collection of MM. Petitot and Monmerqué (130 vol.,) and MM. Michaud and Poujoulat (33 vol.,) but also 60 or 70 vols. of Chronicles and Memoirs, inedited, or in other works. An analysis and table of contents, with numerous notes will accompany each volume. The " Anecdotes, or Secret History of Justinian," by the Senator Procopius of Cesarea, have been translated by M. Isambert, and published by Didot, in two parts. The text was first discovered in the Vatican Library, and published by Alemanni in 1623. The author was one of the high functionaries of the empire, and reveals its profligacy. The Empress Theodora is painted in the darkest colors; the first editors of the Anecdotes suppressed the foulest parts of the record. Justinian is lauded and debased. Procopius reckons the number of his victims at one hundred million, and asks, seriously, if he were not a demon in human form. Montesquieu and Gibbon have received as authentic most of the facts contained in the Anecdotes. The author was in disgrace in 562: he also wrote the History of the Persian War, and the Treatise on Architecture.

A. Pictet's "Esthetic Studies, or the Beautiful in Nature, Art and Poetry," are said to be an important contribution to the philosophy of art.

L. Bonnet is publishing, in the Révue Chrétienne, Essays on the Life, Writings and Epoch of Calvin. J. F. Astié is writing in the same Review, a Critical Examination of Positivism.

Abbé J. B. Bergier, History of St. John Chrysostom; his Life, Writings, Times and Influence. Paris, 8vo.

The Summa of Aquinas is in the course of translation into French, by

F. Lachat; five volumes are published; the work will consist of 14 volumes; it has the Latin, the translation, and the best commentaries on it.

Roselly de Lorgues, "Christopher Columbus; a History of his Life and Voyages, after authentic Documents from Spain and Italy." 2 vols. 8vo. A translation of a theological and philosophical treatise of Maimonides, (Moses Ben Maimona) has been made into French, for the first time, with notes, by S. Munk, under the title "Le Guide des égarés." The Arabic text accompanies the translation.

66

Sinlessness of Jesus Christ," has been

Ullmann's treatise on the translated into French by T. Bost.

Martin Doisy, inspector general of charitable institutions, is contributing to Migne's Theological Encyclopedia, a Dictionary of Charitable Economy, in 4 vols. ; three are issued.

Abbé Regnier, "The Principle which the Fathers of the Church followed in the allegorical Interpretation of the Old Testament." 8vo. Paris. The posthumous works of Lamennais are appearing under the supervision of E. D. Forgues.

Barthélemy Saint-Hilaire's translation of the ethical treatises of Aristotle has been published by Ladrange, in three volumes; the Poetics are to follow. The author has already given the Logic in 4 vols. the Psychology in two, and the Politics in one.

Kant's Anthropology is announced in French, by M. J. Barni. M. Barni has also translated the Criticism of Practical Reason, and of the Judgment, with an analysis, and a critical examination of Kant's metaphysical views. M. Tissot has translated the Criticism of Pure Reason, and of Right, and the Metaphysical Principles of Morals; Poelitz, the Metaphysics; and Trullard, Religion within the Bounds of Reason.

A new edition of the works of Bossuet, in "logical and analogical order," is to be published by Abbé Migne, in 11 vols. for 60 Francs.

A new edition of the works of Huet, Bishop of Avranches, is announced in six volumes, to subscribers for 30 francs. Many of his writings are now very rare.

GERMANY.

The Studien und Kritiken, Heft 4, 1856, contains Steitz on the Celebration of the Passover in 'the Orient and Occident; Paret, on the Phariseeism of Josephus; Krummacher on the Lord's Supper, in reply to Sartorius; with reviews of works on the Gospel of John, etc.

Neidner's Zeitschrift f. d. hist. Theologie, No. 4, 1856, has C. Schmidt on the French Preacher Maillard, 1460—1502; Bruch on the Principle of Christianity as a World-redeeming Power; and Otto on the Apology of Athenagoras.

The Tübingen Theol. Jahrbücher; Volckmar on Clement of Rome, assigning his Epistles to the third century; Koestlin on the Book of Enoch; Kein on Hadrian's Rescript in Favor of Christianity, contending that it