COMMERCE Leading imports into Canada in Fiscal year 1919-20: Imports for Consumption under 305 Principal exports for year ended March 31, 1921 : 6,109,159 1,862,388 94,165 3,945,728 11,084,705 11,503,505 19,493,154 17,754,504 11,625 1,386,615 19,152,744 In 1920-21_thirty-eight per cent. of the revenue of Canada was derived from Customs Duties. X Value of the leading classes of exports (Canadian produce), in thousands of dollars: The share of the leading ports in the trade (imports and exports) for year ended March 31, 1921 (provisional), in thousands of dollars : 1 All export entries are delivered at the "frontier port of exit," and the totals thereof are credited to the respective ports where the goods pass outwards from Canada. Value of exports of Canadian and other produce, including bullion and specie, to, and imports for consumption from, Great Britain (Canadian returns). (Dollars converted at rate of 4.867.) — The following figures are from the British Board of Trade Returns: The chief imports (consignments) into Great Britain from Canada in recent years were (British returns) : The chief exports of British produce to Canada were : The registered shipping on December 31, 1919, including vessels for inland navigation, consisted of 4,131 sailing vessels and 4,442 steamers; total net tonnage, 1,091,895. The sea-going and coasting vessels that entered and cleared during the year 1920 were as follows: In 1920 the vessels entered and cleared at Canadian ports on inland waters between Canada and the United States were: Canadian, 25,394 of 12,434,985 tons; United States, 35,474 of 11,813,794 tons. Shipbuilding was stimulated by the Imperial Munitions Board. During the year 1918, 103 vessels, having a carrying capacity of 367,367 tons, were launched from Canadian shipyards. The Canadian Government itself has become the owner of a mercantile fleet. Under the Canada-West Indies Trade Agreement, 1920 (see p. 304 above), endeavours are to be made to establish regular, steamship services between the parties to the Agreement. Internal Communications. On Canada has a system of canal, river, and lake navigation over 2,700 miles in length, and vessels from the lake ports reach the Atlantic without breaking bulk. Up to 1920, 131,492,773 dollars had been spent on canals for construction and enlargement alone. In 1920, 26,864 vessels, of 12,360,533 tons, passed through the Canadian canals, carrying 230,468 passengers and 8,735,383 tons of freight, chiefly grain, timber, iron ore, and coal. January 11, 1909, was signed at Washington a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United States relating to the use of the boundary waters between Canada and the United States. The treaty provides for the establishment and maintenance of an international joint commission, consisting of three representatives appointed by H. M. the King on the recommendation of the Governor in Council of the Dominion of Canada, and three appointed by the President of the United States. This commission, subject to the conditions of the treaty, has jurisdiction in all cases involving the use or obstruction or diversion of the boundary waters. Precedence is given by the treaty to uses of the waters in the following order, viz., (1) for domestic and sanitary purposes, (2) for navigation, (3) for power and irrigation. The total single track mileage, or miles of road, of steam railways in Canada, Dec. 31, 1920, was 39,170, an increase of 112 miles over 1919. The total mileage of all tracks, including sidings, &c., was 51,338. The Canadian Government operates 22,000 miles of road. This includes 9,586 miles of the Canadian Northern System, and 4,318 miles of old Canadian Government lines, and lines purchased recently. The Government is now acting as receiver for the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, with 2,744 miles of road. The Grand Trunk System has been appraised, and has been taken over by the Government. The mileage is 3,563. The Dominion Government is thus operating over 49 per cent. of the single track mileage in Canada. The province of Ontario owns and operates the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario with 329 miles of track. The largest part of the privately owned mileage is owned by the Canadian Pacific, with 13,308 miles, or 34 per cent. of all Canadian mileage. The main line of this road from Vancouver, British Columbia, to St. John, New Brunswick, is 3,367 miles long. The two other Transcontinental lines, the Grand Trunk Pacific and Transcontinental (from Prince Rupert, British Columbia to Moneton, New Brunswick, and Intercolonial Railway from Moncton to Halifax, Nova Scotia), and the Canadian Northern System (Vancouver, British Columbia to Montreal, Quebec and Intercolonial from Montreal to Halifax, Nova Scotia), are now being operated by the Government. There are 144.5 miles of the C.P. R. main line and 43.7 miles of the Canadian Northern main line running through the United States, otherwise these three lines, stretching from the Pacific to the Atlantic, lie wholly within Canada. The single track mileage by Provinces is :-Ontario, 11,001; Quebec, 4,941; Manitoba, 4,189; INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS 309 Saskatchewan, 6,220; Alberta, 4,474; British Columbia, 4,325; New Brunswick, 1,816; Nova Scotia, 1,438; Prince Edward Island, 279; Yukon, 69; United States of America, 418. There is a monthly steam service between Australia and British Columbia, for which the Dominion Government gave 166,624 dollars in the fiscal year 1919. The traffic on Canadian steam railways in five years was : In 1920, of the capital, 178,965,906 dollars represented Federal Government aid (exclusive of.the cost of Government Railways), and 59,860,043 dollars from Provincial Governments and Municipalities. The latter amount does not include cost of the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway (22,369,193 dollars). Electric railways in 1920, 64, mileage 1,699; passengers during the year, 804,711,333; tons of freight carried, 2,691,150. The gross earnings in 1920 reached an aggregate of 47,047,246 dollars, as compared with 40,698,586 dollars in 1919. Operating expenses amounted to 37,242,483 dollars, an increase of 5,856,781 dollars compared with the preceding year. capital, 171,115,404 dollars. Paid-up Gross revenue, On March 31, 1920, there were 12,251 post offices. 29,672,549 dollars; net revenue, 24,449,917 dollars; expenditure, 20,774,385 dollars. At the end of the fiscal year, 1920, there were 3,737 rural mail delivery routes, on which were erected 189,081 boxes. Money order offices on March 31, 1920, 4,953; orders issued (1919-20), 9,947,018, value 159,224,937 dollars. The Ocean Mail subsidies and steamship subventions paid by the Government amounted to 1,632,906 dollars in 1920. There were 49,576 miles (11,795 being Government) of telegraph lines in Canada in 1920, and 210,464 miles of wire (exclusive of Government lines), with 4,683 offices. There were (in 1920) 2,105,101 miles of telephone wire and 856,266 telephones. The earnings of telephone companies in Canada in 1920 amounted to 33,473,712 dollars, and the operating expenses to 28,044,401 dollars. The capital liability amounted to 116,689,705 dollars. in 1920.. Wireless Telegraphy.-In 1920-21 there were 60 Radiotelegraph stations (including 11 private commercial stations) operated in the public service of Canada, having a range of 100 to 750 nautical miles, or an average of 239 nautical miles. In 1919-20 messages sent and received numbered 341,333. There is a long-distance station near Glace Bay, Cape Breton, N.S., with a range of 3,000 nautical miles; one at New Castle, N.B., with a range of 2,500 nautical miles, and one at Barrington Passage, N.S., with a range of 1,500 nautical miles. There are 39 Government steamers equipped with wireless apparatus having a range of 100 to 400 miles, or an average of 140 miles. |