4744. NOLL, CHARLES F. The effects of phosphates on early growth and maturity. Jour. Amer. Soc. Agron. 15: 87–99. 1923.—Data and observations on the effect of phosphate on early growth are summarized, with a few unpublished results secured on fertilizer plots at the Pennsylvania Experiment Station.-F. M. Schertz.

4745. PFEIFFER, TH. Die Möglichkeit eines teilweisen Ersatzes der Phosphorsäure durch Kieselsäure in den Pflanzen. [The possibility of a partial substitution of phosphoric acid by silicic acid in plants.] Mitteil. Deutsch. Landw. Ges. 38: 196-198. 1923.-This is a review of a paper by O. LEMMERMANN and H. WIESSMANN [Zeitschr. Pflanzenernährung und Düngung, Heft 5, 1922], who showed that when plants are well supplied with nitrogen and potash, silicic acid in addition to phosphoric acid increases the yield of grain in oats. Pfeiffer suggests that silicic acid can replace part of the phosphoric acid in stems and leaves and thus leave more phosphoric acid free for the organic combinations present in the grain.—A. J. Pieters.

4746. PITT, J. M. Farmers' experiment plots. Winter green fodder experiments, 1922. Agric. Gaz. New South Wales 34: 175–180. 2 fig. 1923.-Heaviest yields were secured from certain varieties of oats combined with a legume. Inclusion of a legume with oats made a very decided increase in yield. Satisfactory yields were secured from wheat grown for green forage.-L. R. Waldron.

4747. POLE, EVANS, 1. B. Ambari or Deccan hemp: Hibiscus cannabis L. Jour. Dept. Agric. Union of South Africa 1: 570-580. Pl. 1-4. 1921. [Reprinted from South African Jour. Indust. 1: No. 3.]—Ambari, an erect annual yielding a bast fiber called Bimlipitam jute, Deccan hemp, and Gambo, is native in Africa and now widely distributed through India, Asia, and Australia. It is cultivated in India (also in Senegal where its fiber is called "da”). It is abundant and troublesome as a weed in some localities in South Africa. The plant grows 5-11 feet high, with considerable variation in branching, time of maturity, and robustness. The stem and leaf stalks are prickly and the seed pods bristly. No attempt has been made to produce the fiber in South Africa, but samples of the fiber from plants in different stages of maturity and different periods of water retting, 27-72 days, have been submitted to the Imperial Institute in London, which reports that if properly prepared, this fiber might find a ready market, serving the same purpose as jute. Experiments at Pretoria show that the plants may be retted in 10-14 days with water at 18-26°C., yielding 10.7-11.9 per cent of good fiber. Improving the plants and developing methods for preparing the fiber are necessary to establish the industry in South Africa.-Lyster H. Dewey.

4748. Popp, M., und J. COUTZEN. Die Bedeutung einer Magnesiadüngung für unsere Kulturpflanzen. [The importance of magnesium fertilization for cultivated plants.] Landw. Jahrb. 58: 313–354. 1923.-This is a study of the influence of magnesium on the growth of cultivated plants. The results may be summarized as follows: The addition of various salts of magnesium to potassium salts, both on sandy and peat soils, did not influence appreciably the yield of various crops. The crop yield is greatly influenced by the physiological reaction of the fertilizing salts, depending on the reaction of the soil. The potassium content of plants is greatly influenced by the potassium fertilizer; however, the former cannot be used as an index of the latter. In some cases of low crop yields, due to lack of potassium fertilizer, as in the cases of grasses and straw, the percentage content of potassium may be higher than in the crops receiving applications of this fertilizer. The magnesium content of plants has usually been incorrectly recorded. The tables of Stutzer need to be corrected. The magnesium content of plants is not influenced appreciably by potassium or magnesium fertilizer. The utilization of soil potassium is usually parallel to that of soil magnesium. The quantities of magnesium present in most soils are sufficient for the need of the cultivated plants tested.-S. A. Waksman.

4749. PRIDHAM, J. T. Jottings on the past season at Cowra. Agric. Gaz. New South Wales 34: 159–160. 1923.-Varieties of oats, wheat, and peas are discussed.-L. R. Waldron.

4750. SMALL, JOHN K. The Austrian field cress again. Torreya 23: 23-25. 1923.Supplementing the notes of A. A. Hansen in Torreya 22: 73-77 [see Bot. Absts. 12, Entry 48] on the occurrence in New York, of Roripa austriaca Spach, for which Small here creates the new combination Radicula austriaca (Crantz) Small, the author reports the finding of the same plant by A. L. Stone on the farm of the University of Wisconsin. It produces no fruit, and is propagated readily by the roots. It seems to have been imported in alfalfa seed from Turkestan, and is spreading rapidly.-J. C. Nelson.

4751. STROUP, FREEMAN P. Corn and its products. Amer. Jour. Pharm. 94: 788-797. 1922. A popular lecture.-Anton Hogstad, Jr.

4752. Stuart, W. The potato: its culture, uses, history, and classification. ix + 518 p, 5 pl., 267 fig. J. B. Lippincott Co.: Philadelphia and London, 1923.-This is a comprehensive and practical treatise dealing with the many factors involved in the production of potatoes in the U. S. A. The industrial uses of the crop are enumerated, the botany and history are given in summary form, and potato breeding and selection are discussed. Classifications are reviewed, a modification of that of the author (U. S. Dept. Agric. Bull. 176) being supplemented by plates in colors of typical tubers and floral organs of leading varieties. A student's project in growing potatoes for profit, a list of varieties with their characteristics, groups and origin for each, and the yearly average acreage and production by states and by the Canadian provinces are appended.-H. M. Steece.

4753. WAGNER. Die Bedeutung der Gründüngung unter den heutigen Verhältnissen. [The significance of green manuring under present conditions.] Mitteil. Deutsch. Landw. Ges. 38: 201–203. 1923.-In this address the speaker reports his personal experiences with green manures. The value of clover, either red or a mixture of red, alsike and white, seeded in grain and turned under for the next grain crop, is especially emphasized.-A. J. Pieters.

4754. WILSON, H. C. Comparative costs of production of oats for grain and hay on stubble and fallow land. Jour. Dept. Agric. Victoria 19: 306-309. 1921.-Comparative experiments indicate that oats for grain and hay can be grown at much less cost per bushel and ton, respectively, on fallowed land than on stubble or green ploughed land, even in a season of good rainfall, when the stubble land has the advantage. Yield of hay per acre was 61 hundred weight on fallowed land and 38 hundred weight on stubble land, which made the cost of production 29 s. 3 d. and 39 s. 3 d. per ton, respectively. When grown for grain, fallow land gave 62.4 bushels and stubble land 38 bushels per acre. After allowing for the sale of straw, the actual cost per bushel was 1 s. d. for fallow land and 1 s. 4 d. for stubble land.-W. J. Morse.

4755. YANTIS, R. E. Farm acreages, values, etc. Texas Dept. Agric. Bull. 70. 42 p. 1922.-A map of Texas shows chief crops of each area. Statistics are given in tabulated form by counties, of ownership, expenditures, acreage, etc.-L. Pace.

BIBLIOGRAPHY, BIOGRAPHY, AND HISTORY
CARROLL W. DODGE, Editor

CHARLES A. WEATHERBY, Assistant Editor

(See also in this issue Entries 4930, 4990, 5020, 5129, 5131, 5142, 5163, 5166)

4756. ANONYMOUS. A curatorship of plant pathology. Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Rec. 10: 18-19. 1921.-Announcement is made of a gift to the Brooklyn Botanic Garden of $50,000 to become available over a period of 4 years from Jan. 1, 1921, for research in plant pathology. Also announcement of the appointment of George Matthew Reed as curator of plant pathology to have charge of the new work.-C. S. Gager.

4757. ANONYMOUS. A new botanic garden. Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Rec. 12: 23. 1923.This proposed new botanic garden and arboretum at Joliet, Illinois, has a nucleus of 327 acres, on which, according to Willard N. Clute, commissioner in charge of the grounds, practically every kind of American tree that will stand the climate has been growing for nearly 20 years. Other commissioners are Messrs. James H. Ferriss and Pilcher of Joliet.-C. S. Gager.

4758. ANONYMOUS. A new botanic garden in Holland. Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Rec. 11: 111-112. 1922.-The University of Utrecht has come into possession of a 2nd botanic garden, presented to the botanical department of the university by the heirs of August Janssen, deceased in 1919. The tract, known as "Cantonspark," is situated on the outskirts of the village of Boarn, about 18 km. from Utrecht. A. Pulle, professor of systematic botany, University of Utrecht, has been made director of the new garden, while F. A. F. C. Went retains the directorship of the botanical garden in Utrecht.-C. S. Gager.

4759. ANONYMOUS. An index to periodical literature. [Rev. of: The subject index to periodicals. K: science and technology. 555 p. Library Association: London, 1922.] Nature 111:214–215. 1923.-This contains titles of 15,000 papers published in 400 periodicals during the years 1917-19.-O. A. Stevens.

4760. ANONYMOUS. Note. Nature 111: 266. 1923.-An exhibit has been installed at Kew Gardens, consisting of funeral wreaths, etc., from Egyptian tombs of 1100 and 1700 B. C. The flowers chiefly used are Nymphaea coerulea, Acacia arabica var. nilotica, together with leaves of Mimusops Schimperi and Salix Safsaf. These are identical with species found growing at the present day.-O. A. Stevens.

4761. ANONYMOUS. Obituary. Prof. Gaston Bonnier. Nature 111: 265. 1922.-This is a brief note on the activities of Bonnier. "His published research on the correlation of function, form, and structure of plant organs is as remarkable for its simplicity and clearness of style as for its scientific value." He "played a most important part in the reform and extension of the teaching of the natural sciences in France."-O. A. Stevens.

4762. ANONYMOUS. The Knox Arboretum and Botanic Garden. Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Rec. 11:113. 1922.-The new arboretum and garden between Thomaston and Warren, Maine, is being developed under the auspices of the Knox Academy of Arts and Sciences. This institution, established in 1908, now has 60 acres. The director is Norman W. Lermond. There is a growing library and herbarium, and a List of Trees and Shrubs in the Knox Arboretum has been published.-C. S. Gager.

4763. ANONYMOUS. The old Linnean garden at Upsala. Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Rec. 11: 112. 1922.-This is a quotation from an article by C. S. SKOTTSBERG [Bull. Misc. Information, Kew, No. 6, 1920] on the restoration of Linnaeus' botanic garden according to the original plan.-C. S. Gager.

4764. ANONYMOUS. [Rev. of: RHODE, ELEANOUR SINCLAIR. The old English herbals. xii +243 p. Longmans, Green and Co.: London, 1922.] Nature 111: 143. 1923.-The book is very readable, but the limitation to English herbals is unfortunate in the respect that few of these had any influence on the course of botany.-O. A. Stevens.

4765. Bridel, MARC. Emile Bourquelot, 1851–1921. Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol. 3: 253–258. 1921.-A biographical sketch is presented. Bourquelot discovered 6 enzymes,-trehalase pectosase, pectinase, seminase, gease, and gentiobiase, and considerably extended knowledge of inulase, invertin, lactase, maltase, gaulterase, and the oxidases. His most important contribution to enzyme chemistry was the discovery of the synthetic action of certain enzymes and consequently of the reversibility of enzyme action.-Joseph S. Caldwell.

4766. EBERLE, E. G. Clement Belton Lowe. Obituary. Amer. Jour. Pharm.95: 159–162. Pl. 1. 1923.-This is a sketch of the life and activities of Dr. Lowe, Professor Emeritus of Materia Medica, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, who died Feb. 5, 1923. He was editor of The Medicinal Plants of the Philippines, author of A Syllabus of the Botanical Natural Orders; and an active member of the American Pharmaceutical Association.—Anton Hogstad, Jr.

4767. EBERLE, E. G. Edward Morell Holmes. Jour. Amer. Pharm. Assoc. 12: 193-195. Pl. 1. 1923.-This is a brief sketch of the British botanist, who has concluded a half-century as curator of the Museum of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. He was awarded the British Pharmaceutical Society's bronze medal for an herbarium of British plants, the Flückiger medal, and the Hanbury medal. Reference is made to some of the collections of the museum sorted and catalogued by Holmes.-Anton Hogstad, Jr.

4768. EBERLE, E. G. Émile Perrot, D. ès-Sc. Jour. Amer. Pharm. Assoc. 12: 289–290. Portrait. 1923.-Perrot, Hanbury medalist, 1922, distinguished himself by his researches on materia medica, which include the various species of Cinnamomum and Strychnos, the gentians, coriander fruits, Kinkeliba, savin, ginseng, kola nuts, balsam tolu, etc. The most important research is that published with M. Goris, on the stability of vegetable drugs and the preparation of what have been termed "physiological vegetable extracts" or "intracts." The process for these involves the destruction of all enzymes, whereby the drugs and their preparations possess the physiological action of the fresh plant and retain it indefinitely.—Anton Hogstad, Jr.

4769. GERSHENFELD, LOUIS. Louis Pasteur. Amer. Jour. Pharm. 94: 766-782. 1922.The life and varied scientific activities of Louis Pasteur are reviewed.-A. Hogstad, Jr.

4770. HAAN, H. R. M. DE. Overzicht der koffieliteratuur. [Survey of coffee literature.] Mededeel. Proefsta. Malang. 39. 58 p. 1923.-A list of 678 numbered titles arranged alphabetically by authors is followed by a classified list in which the titles are referred to by number only.-J. R. Schramm.

4771. LAWALL, CHARLES H. The romance of spices. Amer. Jour. Pharm. 95: 193–223. Fig. 1-8. 1923.-This popular lecture contains brief notes concerning individual spices.— Anton Hogstad, Jr.

4772. Lendner, A. M. Eugène Privat, Avocat. [Eugene Privat.] Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève 13: 34-35. 1921.-This charter member and former president of the Botanical Society of Geneva died Dec. 1, 1921.-W. H. Emig.

4773. MALTE, M. O. The first fifty years of the Arnold Arboretum. Canadian Field Nat. 37:28-30. 1923.—A synopsis is given of a paper with the above title appearing in the Jour. Arnold Arboretum 3: 127-171. 1923.-W. H. Emig.

4774. NEWCOMBE, C. F. Menzies' Journal of Vancouver's Voyage, April to October, 1792. Archives of British Columbia, Victoria, 1923.—Besides the text of the Journal, the publication contains a biography of Menzies (by J. FORSYTH), and a list of Menzies' publications and of plants collected by him on the northwest coast of America. The plants are grouped as follows: (1) ferns and flowering plants, 335 species; (2) mosses, 24 species; (3) lichens, 18 species; (4) marine algae, 22 species.-G. B. Rigg.

4775. NICLOUX, MAURICE. Armand Gautier, 1837-1920. Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol. 3: 248-252. 1921.

4776 RUDOLPH, ADELAIDE. Henry Vincome Arny. Jour. Amer. Pharm. Assoc. 12: 99-100. Pl. 1. 1923.-This is a brief sketch of the president-elect of the American Phar

maceutical Association for 1923-1924. As teacher, author, editor, research worker, and association worker his labors have been unremitting and effective. He was awarded the Remington Honor Medal for 1922.—Anton Hogstad, Jr.

4777. SEDGWICK, WILLIAM THOMPSON. Darwin and Pasteur: an essay in comparative biography. Science 57: 286–289. 1923.-This essay, left unfinished at the death of the author, compares the methods and results of these 2 men.-C. J. Lyon.

1923

4778. SMITH, LOUIE H. Professor J. G. Mosier. Jour. Amer. Soc. Agron. 15: 29-30.

4779. STURMER, J. W. Johnny Appleseed. Amer. Jour. Pharm. 94: 699–702. 1922.The life and activities are sketched of John Chapman, better known as Johnny Appleseed, one of the most picturesque pioneers of the Ohio Valley. Arriving there in 1806, he planted his first nursery near the present town of Steubenville. His seedlings and seeds were distributed without charge, and several of the trees, near Fort Wayne, Indiana, are still bearing fruit. He preceded the country doctor and the village apothecary, being a pioneer in supplying medicine to the settlers. [Printed also in Jour. Amer. Pharm. Assoc. 11: 1022-1024. 1922. Anton Hogstad, Jr.

4780. UPHOF, J. С. Tí. An historic spot for students of genetics. Jour. Heredity 13: 343-345. fig. 1923.-A description is given of the place where in 1886 Hugo de Vries found his mutations of Oenothera Lamarckiana on the Spanderswoud estate near Hilversum, Netherlands. At that time the land was a neglected potato field; at present it is partly covered with Fagus sylvatica and Picea excelsa. By 1921 the forest had developed to a point where it threatened the early extinction of the Oenotheras. Accompanying photographs, probably the first ever published of this place, show a general view of the field as it was in 1908, with Oenotheras under the beech forest, a wild mutant of O. oblonga, and 2 plants of O. Lamarckiana.J. C. Th. Uphof.

4781. WHITE, ORLAND E. Botanical exploration in Bolivia. Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Rec. 11: 93–105. 1922.-This is a report to the Director of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden on the botanical work of the Mulford Expedition for the Biological Exploration of the Amazon Basin, June 1, 1921-April 14, 1922.-C. S. Gager.

BOTANICAL EDUCATION

C. STUART GAGER, Editor

ARTHUR H. GRAVES, Assistant Editor

(See also in this issue Entries 4854, 4905, 4932, 4983, 4989, 4990, 5049, 5051, 5176, 5178)

4782. ANONYMOUS. Prospectus, 1921. Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Rec. 10: 1-18. 1921.The educational work offered at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden during 1921 is included.C. S. Gager.

4783. ANONYMOUS. Prospectus of courses, lectures, and other educational advantages offered to members and to the general public, 1922. Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Rec. 11: 1–20. 1922.

4784. ANONYMOUS. Prospectus of courses, lectures, and other educational advantages offered to members and to the general public, 1923. Brooklyn Bot. Gard. Rec. 12: 1-20. 1923.

4785. ANONYMOUS. [Rev. of: Gilbert-CarTER, H. Guide to the University Botanic Garden, Cambridge. xvi + 117 p., 24 pl. University Press: Cambridge, 1922.] Nature 111: 216. 1923.