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With Henry VIII's Insignia-continued.

years before the book was printed. On the lower cover, the centrepiece contains the
imperial double-eagle and crown. I do not pretend to explain this combination.

The first owner's name is carefully blotted out from the title-page. A later owner
has written" 1586 18 die Junij accepi de Edwardo Ewde."

The bookplate of Fountaine Walker inside the cover.

8 THOME DE AQUINO . . super epistolas Pauli Commentaria.
Colophon.. Parrhisijs impressa cura .
Andree boucard. Impensis
vero Iohannis petit. . 1518.. Small folio, wormed; in the original
binding bearing the arms of Henry VIII

1518
Although without the royal arms, this binding might have been done for the royal
library. It is stamped in compartments with the rose, the portcullis, and the fleur-de-lis
for Tudor; the castle, the lion, and the pomegranate for Spain;-thus representing
the union of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. The back is mended in the top
and bottom panels.

The end leaves are portion of a MS. commentary on the Apocalypse written on vellum in England about 1400-1420.

9 ROSSEI (Gulielmi). . opus elegans. . quo. . refellit insanas Lutheri calumnias. . Londini. Anno dom. M.D.XXIII. Small 4to. in the original calf (rebacked and mended), bound by John Reynes

1523

On both covers, in blind tooling, the royal escutcheon (with griffin and greyhound) and the rose (with angels) in one compartment, the Arma Redemptoris (with unicorns) in the other. With the monogram of Reynes.

10 PTOLEMY'S Geography. CLAVDII PTOLEMAEI GEOGRAPHICAE ENAR-
RATIONIS libri octo [Latine] Bilibaldo Pirckeymhero interprete..
Colophon: Argentoragi (sic) Iohannes Grieningerus. . M.D.XXV.

Folio, with 50 large maps; Henry VIII's copy bound for him by John
Reynes

1525

Calf, stamped with blind tooling. The outer border is a compartment filled with representations of beasts, birds, fruits, flowers, and insects, in the midst of which occurs, here and there, the monogram of John Reynes. The central compartments are two on each side, and contain the Arma Redemptoris in the upper compartment, the rose (with the heart solid) and the royal escutcheon in two sections in the lower compartment. On each side of (and above) the rose we find a monogramr of John Reynes; one being I and R united by a knot or tie between them, the other consisting of R with its straight perpendicular arm continued upwards and there traversed to form a double cross. This is a very fine example of the King's stamped binding, with a book of great intrinsic value inside. It came into the possession of Sir Walter Mildmay in 1556, and from him passed into the libraries of successive Earls of Westmoreland.

Mr. Gordon Duff and other writers hold that the arms and symbols of Henry VIII on a bookbinding indicate nothing more than the binder's caprice; and it could fairly be maintained that a man who was titularly the King's binder might obtain permission to clothe the books he published in this quasi-royal way. But no such theory could apply to a book imported from the continent, like this Ptolemy. No other copy bearing the royal arms is known.

11 [HAYMON in Apocalypsim] Colophon: Coloniæ apud Eucharium. M.D.XXIX. Small 8vo. imperfect at the beginning; Henry VIII's copy bound for him by John Reynes

1529

Calf (mended) blind-tooled on the upper cover with the royal escutcheon (griffin and greyhound supporters) and the Tudor rose (angel supporters); on the lower with the Arma Redemptoris (unicorns for supporters) bearing Reyne's monogram.

12 ERASMUS. Catalogvs omnivm Erasmi Roterodami lucubrationum ipso autore. . Small 8vo. imperfect at end; Henry VIII's copy, bound for him (rebacked and having the corners mended) (Basel, about 1530)

The value of the binding is that it presents a beautifully clear impression of the King's arms on the upper cover, and of the Tudor rose on the lower, the former being particularly fine. It is more like the design on the Haymon than that on the Ptolemy, but it differs from both in having the initials H I right and left at the bottom of the shield. This refers to Henry Jaques or Jacob or Jacobi, a London stationer, bookseller, and bookbinder. (See facsimile among the illustrations of the L.P. issue.) 13 HAYMONIS Episcopi Halberstattensis commentariorum in Apocalipsim libri. vij. . Parisijs Apud Ioannem paruum 1531. 12mo. Henry VIII's copy, in the original binding executed for him

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1531

Calf stamped with blind tooling. On the upper side is the Tudor rose, with the heart granulated, surrounded by an inscription-"hec. rosa. virtutis. de . celo. missa. sereno. Eternu. florens. regia. sceptra. feret." Angels are supporters. In the left upper corner is the sun; in the right, the moon and stars. On the lower side are

£ s. d.

250

10 10 0

63 0 0

2 2

88

12 12

the royal arms, France and England quarterly. The supporters are a griffin and a grey-
hound (such as Henry VII used). The sun, and a shield bearing a cross, appear on the
left above, on the right the same shield and the moon. There is no mark of a
bookbinder. On the title there is the inscription of "Harwich Library. The Gift of
Mr. Robt. Riche." He gave the book about 1670, and afterwards became Sir Robert.

James V of Scotland:

14 [HECTOR BOYCE] HEIR BEGINNIS THE HYSTORY AND CRONIKLIS OF SCOTLAND (this intitulation printed in red above a large woodcut of the royal arms and emblems). Colophon: Heir endis the hystory Compilit be the noble clerk maister Hector Boece.. Translatit. . be maister Iohne Bellenden Archedene of Murray, and Imprentit in Edinburgh, be me Thomas Dauidson

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Small folio, PRINTED ON VELLUM AND BOUNd for King JAMES V; WITH HIS NAME STAMPED ON THE SIDES AND HIS [1536] 1000 00

AUTOGRAPH ON THE TITLE

The sides are gilt, first with a broad outer border of the character of ornamental metal work (in Italian manner); then with quadrant cornerpieces of similar style; next with detached roses and stars, etc.; and finally with a lozange centrepiece of double framework. Of this, the inner frame consists of a row of gold Italian ornaments outlined in blind-tooling; the outer line is flanked with gold curves. A circular ornament in the middle of the lozange; above it I | ACO | BVS, and under it QVIN | TVS. On the lower cover the words are REX (and then an ornament) SCOTO | RVM (and then a medallion of Dido). There are metal cornerpieces and clasps. The book was rebacked about 1720. It has, inside the cover, the bookplate (engraved in the last century) of the Duke of Hamilton.

The King's autograph on the title of the book is J. R. with flourishes. A little below is the word "Pax."

The binding is purely Scottish, although the tools for doing it, must have been procured in France, or from Italy through France.

London, 1555-56:

15 MISSALE AD VSUM INSIGNIS ECCLESIE SARISBURIENSIS
.. Parisiis Apud Guillelmum Merlin . . 1555.
. 1555. Small folio, printed
in black and red, with numerous woodcuts and a great deal of Music,
TWO FULL-PAGE WOODCUTS PRINTED ON VELLUM in the Canon; the sides of
the original stamped calf binding inlaid in the modern cover; with brass
clasps and bosses, a fine copy

1555
The old calf sides are stamped in small square compartments with various
figures, including a frequent repetition of the letters HR, a portcullis, a rose, a
fleur-de-lis, etc.

Grolieresque Style, 1552-3:

55 0 0

16 CALVIN. EXEMPLVM memorabile Desperationis in Francisco Spera cum præfatione D. Ioannis Caluini. Genevae.. 1550.-ĜALLASII (Nicolai) Pro Ioanne Calvino ad ineptias. . Cochlaei. . responsio .. 1549-IOANNIS CALVINI Admonitio. . quam e re.. foret Sanctorum. . reliquias velut in inuentarium redigi . . Genevae . . 1548 -3 vols. in 1, 12mo. ruled copies, bound for T. T. in brown calf 1548-50 18 0 0 These Calvinist pieces were gathered by T. T. in 1552, and in that year bound for him in London in the Grolieresque style, which had been introduced in 1548-9. The ornamentation consists of an interlaced pattern of geometrical and arabesque character painted black and outlined with gold upon the warm brown surface of the leather. The date 1552 appears in the centre on the sides; the initials T. T. are found in the topmost panel on the back. A rose, black and gold, in each panel, is the only

ornament on the back.

Mr. Weale (Burlington Exhibition of Bindings Catalogue) was of opinion that this binding was French, rather than English, but I consider that the leather and the

Grolieresque Period, 1549-1560-continued.

execution of the design, are thoroughly indicative of English workmanship. As for the tools and the design, they of course were borrowed from the continent, just as might be said of all the books bound for Edward VI, Burleigh, Wotton, and others. 17 CALVIN. BRIEVE INSTRVCTION povr armer tovs bons fideles contre les.. Anabaptistes. Par M. Iehan Caluin . . Geneve. . 1545CALVIN. Contre la secte phantastiqve des Libertins. . Geneve 1545-2 vols. in 1, 12mo. ruled copies, bound by the man who did the preceding volume

£ s. d.

1545 25 00

The ornamentation is similar to that on the volume marked T. T., but in the present instance, the brown leather is blackened, the compartments of the geometrical design are painted a reddish brown, outlined in gold; and there is a little azuré ornament. The rose in the panels on the back is simply gold. The date 1552 appears in the centre on the sides.

The binder transposed parts of the two works in the volume.

18 WHITE (John) DIACOSIOMARTYRION. . de veritate corporis, et sangvinis Christi, in Evcharistia. . Excvsvm Londini . mense Decembris . Anno 1553. Small 4to. a fine ruled copy in the original gilt binding 1553 10 10 0

Warm brown calf, ruled with a double blind fillet. Within the interior row, the
gilding begins; and there is a fresh set of gold fillets with Aldine fleurons at the
corners, and a large Grolieresque interlaced pattern inside. In the centre F. I. on the
upper cover, and 1553 on the lower cover. This date is impressed with the same form
and style of the numerals as the two Calvin books above. In the panels on the back
a small gold cinquefoil.

Whoever this F. I. may have been, he was one of the small and select set of
English bibliophiles who, between 1548 and 1560, liked to have their books bound in
imitation of the French and Italian styles. This is a ruder but more characteristically
English example of the school, than the two Calvins.

Thomas Wotton :

19 [BOUCHET (Jehan)] LES GENEALOGIES, EFFIGIES & EPITAPHES des ROYS DE FRANCE.. On les vend a Poictiers. . M.D.XLV. Colophon: Imprime a Poictiers par Iacques Bouchet. 1545. Small folio, with woodcuts; a fine ruled copy in the English Grolieresque binding done for Wotton. (See a facsimile in the Burlington Club Catalogue of Bindings.)

1545 100 00

Warm brown calf. On the sides, a geometrical and interlaced design is worked out in bold black bands, with Aldine fleurons and medallions stamped in silver in the open spaces. Within the lozange formed in the centre by the intersection of the black bands is an ornamental outline figure enclosing the inscription THOMÆ . WOTTONI . | ET. AMICORVM. Between the outmost and the second black band, there is a border of continuous Aldine fleurons worked in silver. Both sides are alike. On the back there is a rose in each panel, which seems to have been impressed in silver, but the metal has faded. The volume is enclosed in a modern red morocco

case.

With Bindley's engraved bookplate within the cover.
Examples of the library of Thomas Wotton of Boughton Malherbe,
Kent, father of the celebrated Sir Henry, are very rare.
This one,
and five others, were exhibited at the Burlington Fine Arts Club in
1891. From a comparison of the books, it would seem that "the
English Grolier" had his books bound in the favorite style between
1548 and 1560, and after that time adopted a simpler fashion in which
his arms were the only ornament. The volume above described, which
is in fine condition, and has suffered very little beyond the usual
fading of silver in the ornamentation, appears to me to belong to the
period between 1555 and 1560. Its character is more Italian than
French. The medallion stamps are, however, French, and represent

Judith and Holofernes, with inscriptions in this form-1avi, and

DOLLOFERNES.

The bands on the back, and the ornamentation on the edges of the cover, are just like those of the Calvin books.

Henry Fitzalan Earl of Arundel:

20 BIBLIA SACROSANCTA . . ivxta Vulgatam editionem . . Venetiis apvd Ivntas M.D.LVII. Small folio, bound in Grolieresque style for the Earl of Arundel, in fine condition, and enclosed in a red morocco

case

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1557 80 0 0

The leather is smooth red morocco. It bears on the sides a bold geometrical pattern of highly ornamental style, the design being rendered by broad black bands outlined in gold. In an oval space in the centre, the White Horse of the Fitzalans is painted in silver and black upon a green sward and against a blue sky. All the open spaces between the lines of the main design are filled with gold dots in triplets. The curves and sides of the figures (like ornamental wood-carving) formed by the black bands, are lightened with silver. On the back there is a multiplicity of ornament; two panels being gilt with dots in triplets, one with diagonal black bands forming lozanges granulated with gold; three containing rolls of Italian ornament of metalwork style.-Bound for the Earl of Arundel, about 1560, probably in the same atelier which produced Wotton's book. In 1563 he presented the volume (bearing his autograph on the title) to Sir William Petre, who records the gift on the flyleaf. From the latter personage, the book came down to his descendant, Robert James Lord Petre, whose bookplate, engraved about 1735-40, is pasted inside the cover.-Fitzalan had a fine library, the greater part of which fell, at his death, into the possession of his sonin-law, Lord Lumley, and afterwards passed into the hands of Prince Henry.—At the Prince's death, his father, James I, amalgamated the collection with the Royal library, which descended to the later sovereigns, and (by the arrangements of George III and George IV) is now part of the British Museum library.

Queen Elizabeth :

21 BERNARD (John). Oratio pia, religiosa, et solatii plena, de vera Animi tranqvillitate. Authore Ioanne Bernardo. . Londini . . 1568. Small 4to. Queen Elizabeth's copy

1568 18 0 0 Bound for the Queen at the time of publication, the book having no doubt been offered to her by Peter Osburne (an Exchequer officer) to whom it was dedicated. It is in brown calf, the sides gilt with a semis of triple dots, except in the corners (which have the same azured ornamentation as the Flores Historiarum mentioned below), and the centre in which we find the royal escutcheon, crown, and garter. The back (which is mended at the top) is flat and is gilt in an eclectic and multifarious style similar to that of the Flores.

Two lines of verse upon the author, by Richardus à Sero Bello, are written on the title, and seem to show that the Queen must have allowed the volume to pass out of her hands before her death. Richard Latewar was killed in Ireland in 1601; another owner had the book in 1613.

22 IOANNIS CHRYSOSTOMI . . Homiliæ ad populum Antiochenum [Græce]. . Londini. . M.D.XC. 12mo. limp vellum, bound for Queen Elizabeth, with her arms on the sides

1590 31 10 0

In beautifully fresh and fine condition, the gold as bright as though the book had remained locked up since it was bound. An inner and an outer fillet on the sides with a fleuron outside each inner angle, and a decorative ornament inside. In the centre, the large escutcheon (France and England quarterly) surmounted by the crown, and encircled by the garter. The back has four low bands, and is gilt with five ornaments resembling clasps.

23 JEWEL. APOLOGIA ECCLESIÆ ANGLICANE. Authore Iohanne Iuello.. Londini, Excudebat Arn. Hatfield. 1599. 16mo. bound for Queen Elizabeth

1599 20 0 0

Brown calf, the back flat and ruled with six pairs of parallel gold lines. On the sides two fillets blind tooled, and a gold line between them. In the centre on each side, the royal arms, garter, and crown stamped in gold. The last ten leaves are slightly wormed.

The MS. notes on the first twelve pages are perhaps in the Queen's own hand

writing.

24 CAMDEN (William) BRITANNIA sive florentissimorvm
regnorvm, Angliæ, Scotiæ,
Angliæ, Scotia, Hiberniæ, et
Hiberniæ, et Insularum
chorographica descriptio.

adiacentium

Authore

Queen Elizabeth-continued.

Gvilielmo Camdeno Londini impensis Georg. Bishop.
1600. Small 4to. maps and plates; QUEEN ELIZABETH'S
DEDICATION COPY, ruled and bound for her in dark olive
morocco, gilt edges

£ 8. d.

1600 100 00

Gilt on the sides with the crown, shield, and garter enclosed in a wreath, surrounded by a circular branch of foliage. Between this circular branch and the wreath there are four crowned falcons, one on each side. (This was a badge of Anne Bullen, which, as Willement says, Elizabeth continued.) In each corner on the side there is a decolation of a leafy branch ending in a pomegranate, with "fanfares." On the back there are parallel gold lines across the top and bottom and on the bands; and in each panel a golden leopard accompanied by three tiny crosslets on each side. The edges of the cover are gilt with a running chain, except just over and under the back where we find parallel diagonal lines.

This is one of the finest examples of the great Queen's library. (See among the illustrations in the L.P. issue.)

The engraved bookplate of the first Earl of Lisburne is pasted within the cover.

25 THIS PRYMER of SARYSBURY vse . . emprynted at Rouen. M.D.Lv.—HERE BEGYNNETH THE PYSTELS AND GOSPELS. . M.D.Lv. Colophon Imprynted at Rouen.. 2 vols. in 1, 12mo. calf

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1555 48 00

Bound for Whyte Kennet in a plain calf cover in imitation of the original binding
(gilt with simple fillets), with the royal arms (France and England quarterly) cut out
from the old cover and fastened on the new one as a label. These arms are in an oval
shield, and surrounded by a frieze, and have neither the crown nor the garter. They
are consequently neither Queen Mary's nor Queen Elizabeth's, but they probably
represented the Lady Elizabeth in 1555. On the title there are two quotations
from Proverbs in a handwriting of the time. Under the lower one, which is from
Prov. x 3, a different hand has written "2 & 3 Eli: " On the last page of the
Primer are these MS. lines: "The deathe of Chryst, and thyne perdye | The worldlye
gyle and hevenlye glorye | The paynes of Hell that paynefull be In mynd allwayes
be had to the." On the opposite page, which is the title of the Epistles and Gospels,
we find written in the same hand, "Thynke on thy end and endyng (perhaps something
cut away here). And thow to syne shallt fynd (something cut away). Thynke on thy
end. Beleve me th" (the rest cut away). On the last page of the volume, a third
hand has written, " Frons mulieris meretricis facta est tibi."

It is difficult to resist the belief that the book was presented by Mary to Elizabeth
in 1555, and that we have here the handwriting of both the royal sisters.
Whyte Kennet's signature "Wh. K." appears on the title.

Margaret Guthrie, 1560-65:

26 HORE BEATISSIME VIRGINIS MARIE ad legitimu Sarisburiensis Ecclesie ritum .. 1535. Venūdant' Parisius a Fracisco Regnault .. Royal 8vo. a fine book printed in black and red, with a considerable number of excellent woodcuts; bound for a Scottish lady, Margaret Guthrie

1535 84 00

Bound in France, as must be assumed, but it might have been in Scotland.
Brown calf, decorated on the sides with a mosaic pattern of geometrical and
arabesque ornament in compartments. The style is not exactly Grolieresque, but it is
similar. The design on the sides is of geometrical basis, but there are not many
rectangular figures, nearly all the lines being curves with leafy endings. The central
ornament is like two half-ovals divided by an oblong globe; each of the half-ovals
filled with petals or fan-leaves, black and brown, blue and brown. The frame of the
ovals is red; the dividing oblong is gold, and at the heart of the latter, on a black and
brown centrepiece shaped like a vase, is the name, on one side, MARGARITE, and on
the other, GVTHRE. The back is gilt with a very elegant arabesque design, gold, and
black and gold, with azuré fleurons. The edges are gilt and goffered. The back and
the corners are somewhat clumsily mended, but the book is practically very little
affected. Margaret Guthrie, for whom the book was bound, must have had it done in
France, between 1560 and 1565, but the workmanship is hardly good enough to
warrant a suggestion of Paris or of Lyons. The lady was probably the wife of
Sir Robert Carnegie.

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