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soil," are now opening their blossom in healthy profusion; their runners likewise are extending on all sides: this power of extension is one of the faculties assigned by nature to the vegetable world, as a substitute for the power of loco-motion; by this gift plants have a full compensation for being stationary, since in whatever direction most nourishment is to be obtained, thither the roots proceed, and to arrive at it, will pierce the hardest intervening soils; they have even been known to penetrate the foundation of walls and overturn them. 15. The pendant columbine (aquilegia vulgaris) and the bold-faced peony have as

sumed their gayest attire. 17. The lily of the valley has opened" her snowy bells," fair, modest flower

She nor affects

The public walk, nor gaze of mid-day sun,
She to no state, nor dignity aspires,
But silent and alone puts on her suit,
And sheds her lasting perfume, but for
which

We had not known there was a thing so

sweet

Hid in the gloomy shade. Essex.

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COMMERCIAL REPORT. (London, May 22.)

THE legislative measures which are intended as the commencement of a new commercial system, almost diametrically opposite to the principles which have so long prevailed, are already in progress; and there can be little doubt, that a very great relaxation of the rigorous prohibitory enactments of our navigation laws will take place. It is natural that a great diversity of opinion should be manifested on a subject in which so many interests are involved. The prejudices (if so they must be called) in favour of the prohibitory and restrictive system, have become so deeply rooted, have so grown with our growth, and strengthened with our strength," that those who still fondly cherish them, are unquestionably entitled to indulgence and regard. Though we are ourselves no advocates of the exclusive system, we cannot but acknowledge that when it has been so long acted upon, great caution may be necessary in departing from it, even in favour of one demonstrably better in itself. It has been acknowledged, that our example has induced other nations to adopt a similar plan; but it may be asked, will those who have followed our example in one instance, be equally ready to follow it in another? May they not be disposed to continue their prohibitions to our detriment, though we have relaxed ours in their favour? Believing, as we do, that the adoption of a more liberal system will really be advantageous to this country, we throw out the above remarks, as an instance of what may be adduced against it; and at the same time, as a hint of the propriety and importance of securing a reciprocity from foreign nations, when we adopt measures that are to benefit them, as well as ourselves. We allude especially to Russia. The preamble to the new tariff states that His Majesty has become sensible that the

permission to import foreign manufactures may in time prove injurious to his own subjects, and to the manufactures which have greatly increased, but yet are in need of special protection. With this view, and considering the measures taken by other States for the same end, His Majesty has had a new tariff drawn up. We regret to say, that this tariff is peculiarly injurious to England; and, in the opinion of those who are most interested in it, will go near to put a total stop to our import trade to Russia. Almost every article of English produce, or manufacture, is either wholly prohibited, as refined sugars of every description, or loaded with duties nearly equivalent to prohibition. Whether Russia may be induced to adopt a more liberal system towards us, is, we think, very problematical; for it must be recollected that she has been less affected by our system than almost any other country, as her staple articles of export are such as we need, and have therefore not burdened with any exorbitant duties. Yet the Russian government seems to feel that some apology was required for adopting so rigorous a system; for in the half official Petersburgh journal, the Conservateur Impartial, we find a long article, stating that the Russian Government considers the principles of a free trade to be as beneficial in practice, as they appear just in theory; that the Congress at Vienna in 1815 had sanctioned these principles, as likely to relieve the evils which Europe had suffered under the yoke which had oppressed its commerce, during a period of ten years: but though almost all the governments declared their intention to introduce more freedom of trade; experience and more accurate calculations soon induced them not to renounce the prohibitive system. The examples of England, Austria, France, and Prussia, arc

then quoted, as making it necessary for Russia to return to that system which all the powers seem to have recognized as ne. cessary.

We find by the latest accounts from the United States, that the celebrated Russian decree prohibiting the ships of all nations from approaching within 100 miles of the north west Coast of America, as low as 51° north latitude, and the other extraordinary pretensions set forth in that decree, have given rise to a very animated official correspondence between the President and the Russian Charge d'Affaires. If both parties persist, war seems inevitable. The President declares the navigation of those Seas to be a part of the American independence, and the Russian says, that if an American ship ventures into them, it will be seized, and confiscated. The question is most important, and we shall not be surprised if the American Government should send some vessels to make the experiment.

The English government has decided to admit the flag of the Independents of South America to trade with this country. This, though not an actual recognition, is certainly a great step towards it.

Cotton. The cotton market has been very steady throughout this month, and some sensation has been excited by an expectation that an additional duty will be imposed on Brazil and American cotton, on the 5th of July next. The purchases in these four weeks have been between 12 and 13,000 bales. The prices having been little varied, it will be sufficient to annex the report for the week ending May 21. The market was steady early last week: towards the close several considerable purchases were made by speculators for re-sale in this market; the purchases are nearly 3500 bales, viz.-2900 Bengals 54d. and 52d. very ordinary 5d. and 5d. fair and good fair, 6d. to 64d. good; 600 Surats very ordinary leafy 54d. a 6d. 6d. and 6d. good fair, and a few very good 74d.; 180 Pernams 114d. fair, to 114d. good, and 54 new Orleans 10d. and 104d. all in bord.

At Liverpool, in the four weeks ending May 18, the sales were about 34,000 bags; the demand was, however, duller in the last week, the sales being only 6600 bags. Sugar.-The sugar market has been languid for some weeks, and in some instances prices have experienced a decline. The stock in the warehouses is greatly reduced, and likely to be still lower for some weeks to come. There are now hardly 6000 hhds. and trs.-The sugar market was languid and uninteresting last week; very few samples were on show, as the stock is

so much reduced, that many eminent houses have no sugars for sale: the buyers appeared however to have a sufficient supply for immediate use and did not even make enquiries as to the prices, &c.

This forenoon (21st) the market remains in the same depressed state, and though very few Muscovades are on show, yet purchases may be made a shade lower than last week.

The public sale of Barbadoes sugar this forenoon, 71 hhds. 6 tierces, sold freely at full prices, good white 73s. a 74s. 6d. middling 64s. a 69s. yellow 62s. 6d.

There was some interest excited in the refined market on Friday, on account of the minister having stated in the House of Commons that he did not believe the late Russian Tariff printed in the daily papers was a genuine document; that he did not suppose such prohibitions in some cases, and high duties in others (imports from England), would be carried into effect in Russia.* The market was firm, but yesterday and this forenoon the holders appear again anxious to effect sales at a small reduction in the prices.-Molasses are steady at 27s.

By public sale last week, 534 chests Havannah were offered, but nearly the whole was taken in; fine white at 38s., middling and good 35s. a 37s. 6d. It is since reported that the whole are sold by private contract at 35s. 36s. and 37s., which is lower than the previous market prices-426 bags Bourbon sugar went off last week at a reduction of Is. a 2s. per cwt.; fine yellow 24s. 6d., good 22s. 6d. and 238., brown 19s. 6d. and 20s. Average prices of Raw Sugar by Ga

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Coffee. In the last week of April, the market became very heavy, at a decline of 1s. to 2s.; during the following week, Jamaica further declined Ss. or 4s. Demerara and Berbice 2s. to 3s. St. Domingo remained unchanged, ordinary sold 99s. 101s.; good ditto 102s. On the 7th instant, there were four public sales, cousisting of 557 casks 425 bags; the whole sold freely, the Demerara and Berbice 2s. higher, and generally the market greatly improved as to the demand; 60 Bags Brazil, good ordinary pale, sold 100s. a 1018.; St. Domingo good ordinary 102s. a 103s. 6d., broken 98s. a 100s.; the very ordinary descriptions of Jamaica sold at low prices; fine fine ordinary, but rank, realized 109s. 6d. a 110s. Gd., good mid

* We shall be glad to find this to be the case, but we fear from our foreign correspondence, that the Tariff, as printed, is substantially correct.

dling 132s. 6d. a 139s. 6d., fine middling 150s. a 152s.; Demerara and Berbice sold 129s. 6d. a 131s. 6d. for good middling, 123s. a 125s. for middling.

In the following week, the demand greatly improved. The prices were also better, and the result of the public sales on the 14th showed an advance of 2s. in British plantation, while the foreign fully supported the previous prices.

The public sales of coffee, brought forward last week, were considerable, consisting of 844 casks and 1481 bags; the whole sold with briskness, fully supporting the previous prices, except a large parcel of ordinary St. Domingo coffee, which found no buyers at 100s.

There were two public sales of coffee this forenoon, 50 casks British Plantation, 85 casks 712 bags foreign; the former, Demerara and Berbice descriptions, sold with briskness, at very full prices; 132s. for good middling: the latter was entirely St. Domingo, and went off rather heavily, but no reduction in the prices was submitted to; coloury was taken in at 106s. good ordinary in bags chiefly taken in at 103s. and 103s. 6d. ordinary at 101s. St. Domingo coffee continues to press upon the market: the ordinary at rather lower prices: all the other descriptions fully support last week's currency.

Oils. Oils are generally heavy and little business doing: for Greenland there are however some enquiries, and, for parcels here 207. has been realized for arrival several inconsiderable contracts are reported at 221. generally there are several buyers at that price, but they cannot purchase on such low terms.

Rum, Brandy, and Hollands.-The state of the market has been unfavourable throughout the month, and the prices of both rum and brandy have declined.

Tobacco.-There has been some speculation in tobacco, owing to an expected contract with the French government. The letters from Paris announce that the government has in fact contracted for 2387 hhds. at good prices; but this intelligence has not produced any effect on our

market.

Rice. By public sale this forenoon 270 half barrels New Carolina of fine quality sold with much briskness; all at 31s. 6d. Hemp, Flax, and Tallow.-The tallow market has been in a very languid state. The early arrivals from the Baltic have tended to depress the prices; yet the extremely low prices, and the probability that this depression will act as a check on importation, occasioned several buyers to come forward last week; and the public sale of Friday, 424 casks Odessa yellow candle tallow, went off with considerable briskness: the first lots 34s. 6d. and 34s. 9d.; afterwards the prices advanced 35s. and 35. 3d.; the nearest price of St. Pe

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21s. 6d. 22s. 11d.

Oats 16s. 5d. Pease East India Company's sale, 13 May.Pepper, 1,130 bags Company's black, sold at 7d. a 74d.; 1,300 do. scratched; 1,174 do. Private Trade, 6d. a 74d.; Saltpetre, 830 tons, Company's, 263. 6d. a 29s. 6d. ; 170 do. scratched; 410 Private Trade, 26s. 6d. a 29s. 6d.; Cinnamon, 550 bales, Ist quality, 7s. 6d. a 7s. 9d.; 110 do. 2d do. 6s. 1d. a 6s. 2d.; 328 do. 2d do. scratched; 323 do. 3d. do. 5s. 7d. a 6s.; 174 do. 3d do. 5s. 1d. a 5s. 4d.; Cloves, Licensed, 38. 3d. a 3s. 6d.; Mace, 50 casks 1st quality, 5s. ld.; 150 do. Ist do. scratched; Licensed, 4s. 9d. a 4s. 10d. Nutmegs, 158 casks ungarbled, 3s. 7d.; 355 do. scratched; Cassia Lignea, 81. 9s. a 91. 5s.; Ginger, 14s. a 14s. 6d.

The only alteration since the sale is in Cinnamon, which is in request, but there are no sellers at the sale prices.

FOREIGN COMMERCE.

Archangel, 12th April.-The opinion entertained at the close of the last season that prices would advance, has been confirmed with respect to most of our export articles. The last purchases were Tallow, at 106 r.; Potashes, 86 r.; Hemp, first sort, 87 r. second 75r.; Linseed, 19 r.; Bristles, Petersburgh Brake, 72 r. Archangel Brake, 48 r.; Crown Bristles, 115;. Mats, 300 to 350 r. per 1000; Pitch, 115 cop.; Tar, 7r. to 6 r.; Corn, prices nominal, viz. Wheat on the spot, 15r.; Oats 5 r. per Chetwert; Train Oil, no contracts made; the price is expected to be about 8 r. per pood.

Our contract trade may be considered as ended, as almost all the Russians have returned home, and therefore little will be done till the arrival of the barks: these will most probably arrive this year sooner than usual, though we have had pretty sharp frost for some days past, which, however, cannot be lasting, as the season is so far advanced. The winter has been mild in this country beyond all example, and there is said to be no ice at all in the White Sea. We cannot exactly state the amount of the contracts concluded dur

ing this winter, as many bargains have been made privately; but they may be estimated at, Linseed, 40,000 chetwerts; Tallow, 35,000 poods; Potashes, 5,000 poods; Pitch, 50,000 poods; Mats, 250,000; Hemp, from 10 to 15,000 poods; Tar, 10,000 barrels; Flax, 10,000 poods; Bristles, 800 poods; Russia Leather, 700 poods; and had there been sellers of some articles earlier, more would have been disposed of, as there was no want of orders.

The new supplies expected are about, Linseed, 50 to 60,000 chetwerts; Tallow, 125,000 poods; Hemp, 60,000 poods; Potashes, 10,000 poods; Flax, 20,000 poods. But we have still remaining 50,000 chetwerts of Linseed; and 26,000 poods of Tallow. We do not expect any corn, the prices in the interior being so high; but we have still in hand 80,000 chetwerts of Wheat, 22,000 of Oats, and 25,000 of Rye. The prices in summer will depend on the accounts that may be received from abroad; at present we do not think they can be much higher than those last paid; but that some are likely to decline. The prices of tallow will chiefly depend on those of London. If they keep up in England, they must advance here, our stock being so small.

Riga, 12th and 20th April.-Flax, still in demand, Druiania and Thiesenhausen Rackitzer, 41 r. to 41r.; cut Badstub, 37 r.; Risten Threeband, 30 r.-Hemp. Ukraine clean, to be delivered after the opening of the Wrake, 102 r. ready money, are asked; for Polish clean, 107r.; Ukraine Outshot, 82 r.; Polish, 87 r. Ukraine Pass, 72r.; Polish, 77 r. These are the prices asked; those offered are all 2 rubles lower.-Hemp Oil offered at 95r.; without buyers.-Potashes, 50 r. per ship pound have been given for a small parcel of Polish crown.-Tallow. For yellow crown candle tallow, 130 r. are asked; there are no buyers of white and soap tallow, and the prices cannot be stated.

Of import articles, good middling white Havannah sugars have been lately sold at 17 cop. on four month's credit. Light grey French salt was last sold at 55 r.; St. Übes, 68 r.; fine Liverpool 66 r.

Hamburgh, 4th May.-Cotton. High prices have been given this week for Georgia. The supplies of Brazil and East India accumulate, and but little is doing.-Dycing Woods, &c. But very little has been doing in Indigo. The price of Logwood is unsteady. Several parcels of Fustic have been purchased, and better prices given. At an auction of Bahia Brazil wood yesterday, all was sold at much higher prices than in February, considerable sales, at better prices, having been previously made by private contract. Thus this article, as was to be expected, seems to be recognized as a useful material for

dyeing. There are buyers, but no sellers, at the prices of the sale. Gum Senegal is still without request. Of best silver-grey cochenille there is but little in the market, and at advanced prices.

May 11.-Coffee-At the beginning of this week very little was doing, yet the better descriptions have not only kept up, but even risen a little; the inferior sorts are rather lower.-Dyewoods, &c. Some parcels of logwood have sold rather lower this week. The greater part of the Quercitron bark, lately imported, has met with a pretty rapid sale. There is also rather more demand for gum Senegal. Spices of all kinds are not much in demand; yet pepper and East India ginger maintain their prices.-Rice remains firm in price.-Tea remains firm in price. There has been a pretty brisk demand, especially for the finer sorts.-Sugars. But very little is doing in Hamburgh refined; yet the prices remain as before. Strong middling lumps in loaves, of which our stock is small, keep up at 9 to 9 d.; but inferior kinds will hardly fetch 82d. Good middling white crushed lumps have been sold at 94d. Treacle not to be had under 94d.

The demand for raw goods becomes more and more dull, being limited to the small quantity wanted for our refineries. Hence most descriptions have again declined d. Good middling brown Brazil have been sold at 6d. and white ditto at 8d.

Dusseldorff, 25th April. By our latest accounts from M. Holtzschue, agent of the German Rhenish West India Company, dated from Port-au-Prince in Hayti, the German cotton goods have given great satisfaction at Hayti, and obtained the highest prices given for the English. A second cargo has just been dispatched thither, on board the Hamburgh ship Concordia, Captain Hertzer. The third cargo, which is now preparing, is intended for Mexico.

Carlsruhe, May 3.—The continually increasing tigour of the prohibitory system of France is felt to be so highly injurious to the trade and manufactures of the Grand Duchy of Baden, that a motion has been made in our diet by Mr. Bassermann, to take measures of reprisal. After showing the necessity of such a proceeding, he moved to address the Grand Duke, requesting him to order a project of law to be laid before the Chamber,-1st. To prohibit the importation of every article of French produce or manufacture, and even to lay such heavy transit duties on them as should be equivalent to a prohibition,-2d. To adopt similar measures against Prussia, Holland, and England.

As an instance of the heavy duties imposed by Prussia on German produce, it is stated that Virginia tobacco is cheaper in Rhenish Prussia than the tobacco grown in the Grand Duchy of Baden.

WORKS PREPARING FOR PUBLICATION.

Traditional Tales of the English and Scottish Peasantry. By Allan Cunningham, Author of Sir Marmaduke Maxwell, &c.

The Works in Verse and Prose of Sir Charles Hanbury Williams. With Notes, By Horace Walpole, Earl of Orford. Published from the originals in the possession of his Grandson, the Earl of Essex. 3 Vols. crown 8vo. with portraits.

The third Part of Mr. Rhodes's "Peak Scenery, or Excursions in Derbyshire."

The Modern Art of Fencing. By Le Sieur Gusman Rolando, of the Académie des Armes. With a Technical Glossary. Revised by J.S. Forsyth.

A Second Volume of Biblical Fragments. By Mrs. Schimmelpenninck.

A Gazetteer of the Most Remarkable Places in the World, with Brief Notices of the principal Historical Events and of the most celebrated Persons connected with them. By Mr. Bourn.

The Poetry, Original and Selected, contained in the Novels, Tales, and Romances of the Author of "Waverley," with short Introductory Notices from the Prose. One Vol. foolscap 8vo.

Memoirs of George Heriot, Jeweller to King James the Sixth, with some Account of the Hospital founded by him at Edinburgh, in 1 Vol. foolscap 8vo. with Plates.

The Curfew, or the Grave of the Last Saxon, a Poem. By the Rev. William Lisle Bowles, in 1 Vol. 8vo.

The Poetical Works of James Hogg, (the Ettrick Shepherd) now first collected, 4 Vols. foolscap.

A History of England; with Conversations at the end of each Chapter, intended for young Persons. By Mrs. Markham, in 2 Vols. duodecimo, with numerous Engravings of Costumes, &c. &c.

The Historical Romances of the Author of Waverley," in 6 Vols. 8vo. com

prising Ivanhoe, the Abbot, the Monas tery, and Kenilworth.

The Book of Fate, formerly in the possession of Napoleon Bonaparte, and found in his cabinet, after the Battle of Leipsic. Translated from the German.

Songs of Zion, being imitations of the Psalms in Verse. By James Montgo

mery.

A New Edition of Coles on Regeneration, Faith, and Repentance; to which will be prefixed his two Sermons on Imputed Righteousness. 1 Vol. 12mo.

Sixth Number of Physiognomical Por traits, being the first of the second Vol.

The Second Vol. of Dalzell's Collectanea Græca Majora. By Professor Dunbar.

The History of Roman Literature, from the earliest Period, to the Augustan Age, in 2 Vols. 8vo. By Mr. Dunlop, Author of the History of Fiction.

The concluding Volume of Sir R. Ker Porter's Travels in Georgia, Persia, Babylonia, &c. &c.

Malpas, by the Author of the Cavalier. Roche Blanc. By Miss A. M. Porter. The Refugees, by the Author of Correction.

Mr. Wordsworth's Guide to the Lakes. A New School Work on Roman Antiquities. By Dr. Irving.

The River Derwent, and other Poems. By W. B. Clarke, BA. Jesus College, Cambridge.

Memoirs of the Life of Charles Alfred Stothard, FSA. Author of the Monumental Effigies of Great Britain, with somAccount of a Journey in the Netherlands. By Mrs. C. Stothard: with a Portrait. To be published by Subscription.

Mr. Lewis, Teacher of Chess, is about to publish Elements of that interesting and scientific Game, in one small Volume, elucidated by Diagrams.

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Antiquities, Architecture, and Fine Arts.
Smirke's Illustrations of Skakspeare,
No. IV. Twelfth Night. 8vo. 14s. royal
8vo. 18s.

Rural Architecture, or a Series of Designs for ornamental Cottages. By P. F. Robinson, Architect. No. IV. 58.

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Views of St. Petersburgh, drawn on Stone and coloured. No. 1. 4 Plates, fol.

12s.

Delineations of the most remarkable Cos tumes of the different Provinces in Spain 50 Engravings on stone, 4to. 21. 12s. 6d.

Portraits of the Deans of Westminster, from Drawings by G. P. Harding, from original paintings; intended to accompany the Memoirs of those Prelates in the History of Westminster Abbey. By J. P. Neale. Part I, containing 6 Portraits royal 4to. 12s. imperial 4to. proofs 18s. India proofs, 11. 4s.

Costumes Français de 1200 à 1715. 100 Plates square 12mo. half-bound, 17. 18

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