it everywhere the blessings (and the industry) of its own well-ordered freedom, its glorious memories of the past, and its still more glorious hopes for the future.

It has been estimated that at the close of the present century the Crown will have nearly as many subjects of European descent in the Colonies as in the United Kingdom.

Will their wants cease or slacken ?

Rather (as Governor Gilpin has said of the future of Colorado), rather let him who doubts seat himself upon the banks of the supreme Missouri River and await the running dry of his yellow waters, for sooner shall he see this than a cessation of the trade which now exists between Britain and the English speaking sons of Britain in every quarter of the globe.

APPENDIX.

A.D. 1691.-SPECIFICATION No. 282. MANUFACTURE OF TINNED PLATES (HEMMING'S PATENT).

WILLIAM and MARY by the Grace of God King and Queen of England Scotland France and Ireland Defenders of the Faith &c. To all to whom these Presents shall come Greeting.

Whereas Edmund Hemmings hath by his humble petition represented unto us that he has at his great care and expense, found out an Art or Invention for "making of iron plates tynned over, comonly called tynned plates, as good as those brought from and made in Germany" which invention hath not yet been heretofore knowne or practised by any of our subjects and hath prayed us to grant him our Letters Patent for the sole use thereof during the terme of 14 years &c.

Know ye therefore that we being willing to cherrish and encourage all laudable endeavours and designs of such our subjects as have by their industry found out useful and proffittable arts misteries and inventions and that the said Edmund Heming may accordingly reape some fruit and benefitt of his labour and charge in and concerning the premises of our espesiall grace, certaine knowledge and mere moc'on have given and granted and by these presents do give and grant unto the said Edmund Heming his executors administrators and assigns especial lycence power privilege and authority that he and they by him and themselves and by his and their deputies servants agents and workmen and such others onely as he the said Edmund Heming his executors administrators and assigns shall agree with shall and may from time to time and at all times hereafter dureing the space of fourteen yeares next ensuing the date of these presents at his and their owne proper costs and charges erect use teach

exercise and put in practice the said new invention soe by him contrived and found out as aforesaid in any place or places within our Kingdome of England Dominion of Wales and Town of Berwick upon Tweed and also shall and may receive take and enjoy all the benefitts comand and further to be answerable to the said Edmund Heming his executors administrators and assigns according to the utmost rigour of the law for his and their damages thereby susteyned. And further we doe by these presents for vs our heires and successors give and grant onto the said Edmund Heming his executors administrators and assigns full power and authority that he they and every of them his their and every of their deputies agents and servants having first obteyned a Warrant in that behalfe from the Lord Chiefe Justice of our Court of Kings Bench for the time being with the assistance of a constable or other lawful officer (as well within liberties as without) at convenient times in the day dureing the terme aforesaid and in a law full manner shall and may make search in any place or places within our said Kingdome of England Dominion of Wales and towne of Berwick upon Tweed where there shall be iust cause of suspition for discovering and finding out of all such person or persons as shall imitate make or vse or cause to be imitated made or used within our Kingdome or dominion aforesaid the said new Invention soe by the said Edmund Heming found out and invented as aforesaid that soe such offender may be proceeded against and punished according to the utmost rigour of the Law. And further we doe by these our Letters Patents for vs our heires and successors will authorize require and comand all and singular justices of the peace mayors sheriff bayliff constables head boroughs and all other officers and ministers whatsoever of us our heires and successors now and for the time being whom it may concerne that they and every one of them respectively be from time to time dureing the terme hereby granted in their respective offices and according to their and every of their best skills and endeavours ayding helping and assisting unto the said profitts comodities and advantages of and by the said new Invention to be had made acquired and gotten to his and their own proper benefitt use and uses. To have hold use exercise and enjoy the said lycence powers priviledges and authorities and all other the premises by these presents granted or menc'oned to be granted unto the said Edmund Heming his executors administrators and assigns for and dureing and unto the full end and terme of fourteen yeares from the date of these presents next

ensuing and fully to be compleate and ended according to the statute in that case made and provided. And to the end the said Edmund Heming his executors administrators and assigns may the better enjoy the full and whole benefitt and the sole use and exercise of his said new Invention we doe by these presents for us our heires and successors streightly charge require and comand all and every person and persons bodies politique and corporate of what quality degree name or condition soever they be within our said Kingdome of England Dominion of Wales and towne of Berwick upon Tweed that neither they nor any of them dureing the said terme of fourteen yeares hereby granted either directly or indirectly doe use exercise or put in practice the said new Invenc'on so by the said Edmund Heming invented and found out as aforesaid nor doe nor shall counterfeite imitate or resemble the said Invenc❜on or any materialls or ingredients thereunto belonging nor doe nor shall make any addition thereunto or substracc'on therefrom whereby to pretend themselves the inventors or devisors thereof without the lycense consent or agreement of the said Edmund Heming his executors administrators or assigns in writing under his or their hands and seales first had and obteyned in that behalfe under such paines and penalties as can or may be inflicted on the offender or offenders therein for the contempt of this our royall Edmund Heming his executors administrators and assigns deputies agents and servants in and by all things in and about the accomplishment of our royall will and pleasure herein before declared and in the execution of the severall powers and priviledges hereby granted as aforesaid. And moreover we doe by these presents for us our heires and successors will and comand that our said respective officers and ministers before menc'oned or any of them doe not nor shall at any tyme hereafter dureing the terme hereby granted in anywise molest trouble or hinder the said Edmund Heming his executors administrators or assigns deputies agents or servants in or about the use or exercise of the aforesaid Invenc'on or any part thereof or anything relating thereto provided alwais and these our letters patents are and shall be upon this condic'on that if at any time dureing the said terme of fourteen yeares hereby granted it shall be made appear to us our heires or successors or any six or more of our or their privy counsell that this our grant is contrary to law or preiudiciall or inconvenient to our subjects in generall or that the Invenc'on before menc'oned is not a new Invenc'on as to the publicke use and