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Sameness deadens curiosity, and satiates enjoyment. We are so constituted, as to require constant changes for stimulating the mind, and giving relish to our exercises; and in each season of the year we find employments suitable to our faculties, and calculated to afford them agreeable aud useful occupation. Even in winter, cold and comfortless as it appears, how much do we find to make us both happier and better. The family circle, collected in the long evenings round the cheerful winter fire, feel those affections warmed which soften the heart without enfeebling it, and those domestic endearments increased by exercise, without which life is scarcely desirable; while the soul, enlightened and enlarged, is better prepared to receive impressions of religion, to love Him who first loved us: and, rising to more exalted views, to aspire after the society of the just made perfect, in the world of spirits.

The paternal care of the Supreme Being, thus strongly impressed on the mind, by contemplating the traces of his beneficence, which are every where conspicuous in the seasons as they revolve, are calculated to reassure the mind, in looking forward to that great change, of the approach of which we are forcibly reminded by the passing away of another year, of the short and uncertain period allotted us on earth. We, too, have our spring, our summer, our autumn, and our winter. Will another spring dawn on the winter of the grave? To the encouraging answer which revelation gives to this important question, is added our experience of the operations of the God of the seasons. Under his administration, nothing perishes, though every thing changes. The flowers die but to live again. In the animal world, many species sleep out the winter, to awake again in a new season. Nature itself expires and revives; even while she lies prostrate and rigid, an almighty hand preserves the germs of future life, that she may once more start from the grave, and run a new round of beauty, animation, and enjoyment. Is there not hope, then, for the human soul? Shall not the same paternal goodness watch over it in its seeming extinction, and cause it to survive the winter of death? Yes, there is hope here, but there is no assurance. It is from the word of in

spiration alone that the assurance of immortality springs. That book of unerring truth informs us, that after our mortal winter, there comes a spring of unfading beauty and eternal joy, where no cold chills, and no heat scorches ; where there is bloom without decay, and a sky without a cloud.

But let it never be forgotten, that the prospect which lies before us is not all bright and smiling. The same book of truth which reveals to us our immortal nature, informs us also, that, in the unseen world to which we are travelling, there is a state of misery as well as a state of blessedness; that we are now, step by step, approaching the one or the other of these states; and that each successive year, as it passes over our heads, instead of leading us upward to the unchanging glories which belong to the children of God, may be only conducting us downward, on that road which "leadeth to destruction."

And

This is inexpressibly dreadful! when we think of our own character and qualifications, we shall find nothing calculated to allay our terrors. We are the children of a fallen parent-ourselves fallen and guilty. If, from the elevated spot on which we now stand, at the commencement of a new stage of our journey, we look back on the scenes through which we have passed, and reflect on the transactions in which we have been engaged, what shall we discover that can recommend us to Him "who is of purer eyes than to behold evil ?" If, again, we look forward, what a scene of turmoil and disorder, temptation and danger, do we descry in a world lying in wickedness! When we think of the weakness of our own hearts, and of the enemies we have to encounter -so numerous and so formidable-we cannot fail to be appalled, and to experience the same kind of misgiving which led an apostle to exclaim, "Who is sufficient for these things ?"

But when, in the exercise of faith, we turn to the gospel, a more blessed view opens to us; for it is full of the most encouraging promises to those who will accept of them. It tells us of "the Lord God, merciful and gracious, long suffering and slow to anger, and abundant in goodness and truth," Exod. xxxiv. 6; and, in proof of this character, it reminds us of the impartial manner in which the Creator employs inanimate nature for

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the good of his creatures, "making his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sending rain on the just and on the unjust;" it reminds us, also, of the parental affection with which his own exuberant bounty has inspired the animal creation, and, taking an example from the inferior tribes, it beautifully declares, that as an eagle stirreth up her nest, fluttereth over her young, spreadeth abroad her wings, taketh them, beareth them on her wings," so he watches over his rational offspring, delighting to lead, instruct, and bless them. Rising still higher, it reminds us of the tenderness he has infused into the mind of earthly parents, and says, "If ye then being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your children, how much more shall your Father which is in heaven give good things to those who ask him." Nay, it represents the Eternal as condescending to compare his regard for his people, with that of a fond mother for the infant smiling upon her knee, "Can a woman forget her sucking child, that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? yea, they may forget; yet will I not forget thee," Isa. xlix. 15. It does much more; it opens to our view the wonders of redeeming love, presenting to our view the Son of the Eternal humbling himself for our sakes, to assume the form of a servant, becoming a man of sorrows, submitting to ignominy, torture, and death; and then it crowns all, by making this unanswerable appeal, "He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things ?" Such is the unspeakable encouragement which the Christian derives from the gospel of his Divine Master. And shall we not "work out our own salvation, seeing it is God who worketh in us both to will and to do of his good pleasure?" Phil. ii. 13. In this mighty task, we cannot indeed avoid being affected with "fear and trembling," when we reflect on what we have at stake; but we have also every thing to hope, for He who is for us, is greater than all that can be against us; and the value of the prize which is set before us is inestimable.Duncan's Winter.

THE PERAMBULATOR.

ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL.

most elevated, the most celebrated, and by far the most conspicuous building in London, is a fit place to be visited by a perambulator, as the grandest church in the world, with the exception of St. Peter's at Rome. It is an object of general interest, and is entitled to every consideration. In whatever part of the metropolis a stranger may be, he cannot long promenade the street without catching a glimpse of this stupendous pile, which lifts its giant head and shoulders far above the buildings that surround it.

St. Paul's Cathedral stands in the wards of Castle Baynard and Farringdon, and in the parishes of St. Gregory and St. Faith. I am now looking up at the huge fabric, that somewhat oppresses me by its gigantic dimensions. The elegant iron balustrade that surrounds it, weighs, I am told, at the least, two hun dred tons, and cost eleven thousand pounds.

The statue of Queen Anne, in the area, surrounded with the allegorical figures of Great Britain and Ireland, France and America; the double rows of black marble steps; the noble portico of twelve Corinthian columns, and eight of the composite order above them; the triangular pediment, with a representa tion of St. Paul's conversion; the statue of St. Paul on the centre, with St. Peter, St. James, and the four Evangelists at the sides, are all well worthy of attention.

I remember to have heard an anecdote about the motto "Resurgam," on the south front. It is said, that when Sir Christopher Wren was undecided about the motto he should choose, he had occasion for something to put under a stone that was about to be placed in a certain position, when a workman brought him a piece of an old broken gravestone, on which was graven the word Resurgam. This word was instantly adopted as the required motto. Whether this story is true or not, a more appropriate motto could scarcely have been found.

I have often gazed on the weatherbleached stonework of St. Paul's, especially on the south side, without being able to determine the rule, or natural laws, by which such an effect has been produced. Many of the pillars and prominent parts of the building are, here and there, almost as white as if covered with whitewash; while the adjoining

ST. Paul's, the most gigantic, the stonework is much more like ebony than

ivory. The winds, the rains, and the
climate appear to have been fickle in
their attacks on this venerable edifice;
they are not invariably the most promi-
nent parts, nor seemingly those most ex-
posed that are thus bleached; nor are
they the most secluded that are dingy
and dirty.
The general effect, how-
ever, of the discoloration is highly
imposing. It is said, that "mansions
may be built, but not oak trees;" and,
certain it is, that if another St. Paul's
could be erected, equal in other respects,
it must, of necessity, be inferior in that
time-worn and venerable appearance,
which the present truly magnificent edi-
fice possesses.

wonder. What a pigmy I am, compared
to this stupendous structure, which is
itself but a speck in creation!
The op-
pressive vastness of the church is in-
creased by its absence of ornament. Not
that the columns, the arches, and the
vaulting of the cupola are altogether
without decoration; but the grotesque
and elaborate carvings that frequently
enrich Gothic edifices are looked for in
vain. The magnificence of St. Paul's is
rather felt in its influential whole, than
seen in the costliness of its undivided
parts.

Those who have seen the scaffolding erected here on the first Thursday in June, occupied by seven thousand children, have gazed on a spectacle that they are not likely to forget.

Here are the works of the Bacons, Chantrey, Flaxman, Westmacott, and Rossi; Baily, Tollemache, Hopper, and Gahagan. Here are the monuments of Nelson, Howe, St. Vincent, Heathfield, Collingwood, and Duncan; Abercrombie, Cornwallis, and Sir John Moore; Sir Joshua Reynolds, Barry,

I have entered the church by the northern door; it is the hour of prayer; the minister, the choristers, and the congregation are assembled, and as I sit on one of the benches in the vast area of the church, the shrill and harmonious chaunts of youthful voices is rising round me, and the deep diapason of the solemn organ, like thunder modulated and rendered musical, is impetuously bursting from the choir, pouring irresistibly along Opie, West, and Sir Thomas Lawrence; through the elevated arches, and long drawn aisles, and filling, with awful melody, the mighty dome above my head.

If, clothed and clogged with the infirmity of human nature, such soul-transporting sounds, and rapturous emotions are permitted us, what will be the music of heaven! and what the unimaginable transports of glorified spirits!

While the visionary and devotee consider these sublime choruses as of themselves constituting devotion; and while some condemn them as inconsistent with the simplicity of Christian worship; enough for me if I feel that they give a passing fervour to my faith, and carry my affections onward to that eternal world, that is represented to us as resounding with hallelujahs. So long as music is content to be the handmaid of devotion, she is well worthy of regard; but when she sets up herself to be worshipped, down with her, down with her, even to the ground!

The service is now ended, and the congregation are thronging the space between the choir and the northern door, while here and there small parties are seen walking from one monument to another.

I look up at the capacious dome with

Doctor Johnson, Sir William Jones,
Howard the philanthropist, and the
architect of the place, Sir Christopher
Wren.

The flags, in both dome and nave, are motionless; but they have waved amid the stormy fight. Many a death-grapple took place before the French, and Dutch, and Spanish standard-bearers were despoiled of them.

Observe that family group: they are from the country; the father takes the lead, with a boy of five years old, dressed in his new buttoned clothes; the mother holds by the hand her little daughter. The father has told them already, before they quitted home, of the wonders of the place, and they regard his words as the voice of an oracle. He has been here before, and he shows them one monument after another, with an emotion very like that of pride; for how could they manage to see all without him? what would they know of the place without his descriptions ? He is the master of the ceremonies; the family head and guide; the London directory; the every thing to them in their visit to this wonderful city.

The finely-wrought and imposing figures of Nelson, with the lion beneath him; Sir John Moore wounded and

Two or three times it was destroyed by fire, and more than once the spire was struck by lightning. Among the names of those who were, at, different

dying; and Sir Ralph Abercrombie | the demolition of this church that Ethelfalling from his horse into the arms of a bert undertook its re-erection. Highland soldier, by turns attract the attention and secure the admiration of the several visitors of the place. The soldier and the sailor here gain additional enthusiasm. They see the hom-periods, the most zealous in its reparaage that is paid to the hero, and forget the wounds and death-grapples, the cries and groans, the widows' sighs and orphans' tears that go up to make a victory!

Look at the awe-struck little urchins, that are gazing with timid air on the monument of Howard. Their attention has already been directed to the diminutive figures in bas-relief, representing the stern jailor with his key, and the poor famished prisoner being supplied with food by the philanthropist. At another time their little hearts will feel sensible of compassion; but now, while they lift up their eyes to the cold marble, the gigantic and motionless figure of Howard, they are rather frozen with awe than melted with pity.

The colossal figure of Doctor Johnson, on the opposite monument, represents the intellectual gladiator, the mighty lexicographer, in a standing attitude. Unlike the graven bust, in the title page of his dictionary, he stands erect, habited as a Roman, with a majestic mien, fixing the regard, and commanding the admiration of the spellbound visitor. The man of letters comes here, a pilgrim to the shrine of talent, and pays a willing homage to departed intellect.

And these, then, are the most enduring records of this world's admiration! What a tale of humiliation is told by the disfigured effigy. The mutilated marble, and the time-worn monument of the hero!

"These mouldering records make me feel ashamed That fame and glory have so little power To hand their greatness down to future times."

tion, may be mentioned, William de Belmeis, Osbert de Camera, Maurice, Belmois, and Roger Niger, Bishops of London. To these must be added, Henry Lacy, Earl of Lincoln; Ralph Baldock, Bishop of London, and Queen Elizabeth; the latter gave out of her own purse a thousand marks of gold, and added, also, to her gift a thousand loads of timber.

From the year 1631 to 1643 more than a hundred thousand pounds were received to repair St. Paul's, and the work was begun by Sir Inigo Jones. The chapels and altars of St. Paul's, before the Reformation, were very numerous, and the rites of the Romish religion were celebrated with great pomp and pageantry. With rich treasures, and two hundred officiating priests, it abounded in what was alluring and imposing to the eye: statues of the Virgin Mary, with huge tapers burning before them continually : caskets decorated with jewels, and filled. with relics; as well as rich censers, cruets and chalices, and basins of gold

and silver.

At one period beggars asked alms in the church, fashionable people made it a lounging place, and porters, with their packs, used it as a common thoroughfare.

Little respect was paid to the costly structure of St. Paul's during the civil wars that broke out; for then the work of desolation spread wide within its walls; the pavement of marble was torn up, the stalls were pulled down, while sawpits were dug in some parts, and horses stabled in others of the sacred edifice.

The old church of St. Paul's had one It is said that St. Paul's was first built of the highest spires in the world, it by Ethelbert, king of Kent, A.D. 619. being, with the tower, a height of 534 And that kings Kenred, Athelstan, Ed-feet; but this spire was burned early in gar, Ethelred, and Canute, Edward the Confessor, and William the Conqueror, all contributed largely to its support.

There is, indeed, abundant reason to believe that a Christian church occupied the same site at a very early period, and that this, when destroyed by the Dioclesian persecution, was again rebuilt in the time of Constantine the Great. It was after

the reign of Queen Elizabeth, by the carelessness of a plumber; the roof also was injured so as to cost many thousand pounds to repair; but the chapel spire never rose again. Below, the high altar in the east part of the choir, stood between two columns, and was adorned profusely with jewellery, as well as surrounded with images, beauti

her mind with valuable ideas and wise maxims for the conduct of life. She loved not the heated room, or the silly talk, or the contemptible customs, and the heartless feelings of fashionable worldlings. She loved her husband, loved her children, loved nature, and, above all, loved her God. With an expanding heart, she read of, and observed His works, enjoying them with the companion of her life, and teaching them to her children, as she walked by the way, and when they lay down and rose up. Her children rewarded her diligent labour by rising up and calling her blessed; her praise is ever ready on the lip of her husband. How has old age overtaken her on her road? Very plainly dressed, very much beloved among a kind circle of friends. The young and the aged alike esteem and revere her. She delights the child with her instructive tales; youth listen and weep, and fall in love with goodness; the wife in the heat and burden of the day hears of her past trials and mercies, and learns to hope afresh; the drooping spirits of her aged sister are cheered by her words; and they learn to lean on the same rod and staff which comfort her. Her old age is calm and cheerful, far from entertaining gloomy apprehensions of death; so firm is her faith, that she looks forward to it as the period when her infirmities and trials are all to be laid aside, and the promises of her God fulfilled in her behalf. This aged Christian and the votary of fashion first described, must both soon die. At the solemn moment of their departure, whose course of life will stand the test? Let us choose then this day whom we will serve.

CELEBRATED SCULPTURES.

spe

the study of Egyptian antiquities in particular is deeply indebted, presented to the British Museum the two monuments perfectly restored, and constituting the most beautiful and noble cimens of Egyptian art. In going through the vast galleries of the British Museum, in which the masterpieces of Greek and Roman sculpture attract our eyes on all sides, and still serve as models to young artists, desirous to find out the secrets by which the great masters of ancient art have rendered their productions immortal, we are everywhere carried away with admiration, particularly when, on entering the great hall of the marbles of the Parthenon, we find ourselves at once carried back to the age of Pericles, at which epoch the arts of Greece had reached their perfection. But these impressions, though augmented by the good taste which has arranged all the objects, will not prevent the visitor from stopping with reverential awe before the two lions of red granite which guard on each side the entrance to the grand gallery containing the colossal monuments of ancient Egypt, couched on their pedestals, the one lying on his right, the other on his left side, with their heads turned towards the spectator; they seemed more like petrified animals than the work of a sculptor. I do not believe that there exists in any European museum any monument so likely to change the opinion of those who see nothing in Egyptian art but a servile and tasteless imitation of forms consecrated by religion in the infancy of art and civilization, and who ascribe to the influence of the Greeks whatever traces of an elevated style are to be found in Egyptian monuments. It was this prejudice which led M. Rüppell to conclude, while he stood in the midst of the finest remains of the times of the Pharaohs, that these lions must have been sculptured under the influence of the Greeks. But, if the royal names inscribed on their breast, seem to approach the age of Psammetichus, there are still inscriptions enough on the bases of the two monuments to prove to us that they ascend at least to the seventeenth century before our era, and that we certainly admire in them productions of the best epoch of ancient Egyptian sculpture, monuments which have resisted the ravages of more than five-and-thirty centuries.

DR. Rüppell was the first who made us acquainted with the two lions in red granite, which, at the time of his journey in Nubia, were lying among the ruins of the temples at Mount Barkal, near the isle of Meroë. That traveller stated, that when he saw the lions, one of them was broken to pieces, and that the line of hieroglyphics which was on the base of the other, could no longer be deciphered. Lord Prudhoe, who instantly perceived the value of these monuments, drew them from the ruins in which they lay buried, and carried them to England. There, after having all the fragments put together by skilful hands, this zealous patron of art and science, to whom-Leemans.

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