Q. HORATII FLACCI SATIRARUM

LIBER PRIMUS.

SATIRA I

10

Qui fit, Mæcenas, ut nemo, quam sibi sortem
Seu ratio dederit seu fors objecerit, illa
Contentus vivat, laudet diversa sequentes ?
O fortunati mercatores! gravis annis
Miles ait multo jam fractus membra labore.
Contra mercator navem jactantibus Austris :
Militia est potior. Quid enim ? Concurritur ; horæ
Momento cita mors venit aut victoria læta.
Agricolam laudat juris legumque peritus,
Sub galli cantum consultor ubi ostia pulsat.

Bapós, Soph. Ed. T. 17. and Virg.
Sat. 1.

Æn. ix. 246., - passages to be 1-3. ut nemo ... vivat, lau. quoted chiefly in support of the redet ...? i. e. ut nemo vivat ceived reading, against the conjec(quisque) laudet. Though the first ture armis. annis, it should be clause contains the negative form of observed, is ‘ years of service, expression, the affirmative notion 8. cita mors. Carm. II. xvi. 29. only is to be supplied to the second. The whole idea is perhaps taken So below, v. 109. : nemo se probet, from the sentiment of Ajax, in Hom. ac potius laudet.

11. O. 511. Cicero has a noted instance of this 10. consultor pulsat. · See Epist. usage, De Orat. iii. 14. : Nemo ex- 11. i. 104.; and cp. Cic. Pro Muren. 9.: tulit .... (no one extols a speaker Vigilas tu de nocte tu tuis consultofor speaking intelligibly to his au- ribus respondeas: ille ut eo, quo indience), sed contempsit, etc. (but tendit, mature cum exercitu perveall despise one who cannot do so). niat; te gallorum, illum buccinarum 4. gravis annis. Cp. oùy yhpal cantus exsuscitat.

15

Ille, datis vadibus qui rure extractus in urbem est,
Solos felices viventes clamat in urbe.
Cetera de genere hoc, adeo sunt multa, loquacem
Delassare valent Fabium. Ne te morer, audi
Quo rem deducam. Si quis deus, En ego, dicat,
Jam faciam quod vultis : eris tu, qui modo miles,
Mercator; tu, consultus modo, rusticus ; hinc vos,
Vos hinc mutatis discedite partibus. Eja!
Quid statis ?- nolint. Atqui licet esse beatis.
Quid causæ est, merito quin illis Jupiter ambas.
Iratus buccas inflet neque se fore posthac
Tam facilem dicat, votis ut præbeat aurem ?
Præterea, ne sic, ut qui jocularia, ridens
Percurram,- quamquam ridentem dicere verum
Quid vetat ? ut pueris olim dant crustula blandi
Doctores, elementa velint ut discere prima ;-
Sed tamen amoto quæramus seria ludo.
Ille gravem duro terram qui vertit aratro,

20

25

11. vadibus, from vas, a surety;'20. Quid causæ est quin? (What one “qui pro altero vadimonium is there to prevent his being, i. e.) promittebat.” – Varro.

Must he not be, provoked ? vadimonium, “a promise (in law) 23. Præterea. Here a fresh arguor recognisance.'

ment is beginning ; checked, howvadimonium sistit, he keeps his ever, by a parenthesis, to excuse recognisance,' i. e. appears in court. diversion to a more serious vein and Cic. Pro P. Quint. 8.

particular application. vadm. mihi deserit, he forfeits it,' 23. jocularia, farces'=exodia. i. e. by not appearing. Ibid. 23. See Liv. vii. 2., where the rise of farce

vadari,'to hold (a person) to bail.' and comedy at Rome is described; its See Sat. 1. ix. 36.

first step, the addition of jocularia 14. Fabium, “Eques Rom. Nar- to the Tuscan dance ; its next tranbonensis,' a stoic, fond of, and tire- sition to saturæ, with musical acsome in, argument,- if we may trust companiment; then a plot, dialogue, the allusion here, and Sat. 1. ii. and scenic representation ; while, 14.

| as it assumed its most artificial shape, .15. Si quis deus, etc. Sat. 11. vii. the young Romans, leaving the play 24.

to trained actors, claimed a place for 16. En ego, jam faciam. Comp. and performed, as amateurs, the the abrupt emphatic position of jam old jocularia, then called exodia in Liv. xxiii. 8.: Jam ego, inquit, (whether these were “interludes,' as sanguine Hannibalis sanciam R. in Smith's Dict. and Sigonius's note, fædus.

lor afterpieces).

Perfidus hic caupo, miles nautæque, per omne
Audaces mare qui currunt, hac mente laborem
Sese ferre, senes ut in otia tuta recedant,
Aiunt, cum sibi sint congesta cibaria ; sicut
Parvula, nam exemplo est, magni formica laboris
Ore trahit quodcunque potest atque addit acervo
Quem struit, haud ignara ac non incauta futuri.
Quæ, simul inversum contristat Aquarius annum,
Non usquam prorepit et illis utitur ante
Quæsitis sapiens, cum te neque fervidus æstus
Demoveat lucro neque hiems, ignis, mare, ferrum,
Nil obstet tibi, dum ne sit te ditior alter.
Quid juvat immensum te argenti pondus et auri
Furtim defossa timidum deponere terra?
Quod si comminuas,'vilem redigatur ad assem.
At, ni id fit, quid habet pulchri constructus acervus ?
Millia frumenti tua triverit area centum,
Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus ac meus: ut si
Reticulum panis venales inter onusto
Forte vehas humero, nihilo plus accipias quam
Qui nil portarit. Vel dic quid referat intra
Naturæ fines viventi, jugera centum an

29. hic. Not as if the publican'l contristat. Virg. Geor. iii. 279. : had been already mentioned, but in pluvio contristat frigore cælum, opposition to ille, v. 28. The Aquarius. Ibid. 304. :

caupo' is more fittingly introduced extremoque irrorat Aquarius anno. among the examples here than the The sun is reckoned to enter Aqua6 consultus,' whose profession would rius on the 16th of January. not have been adopted merely for a 38. cum te, the apodosis to quæ. livelihood.

' But she uses her store like a wise nautæ. i. e. mercatores, as in v. creature, whereas you .....

te. i. e. the miser ; on whom the 32. Compare Juvenal, xiv. 272 satire is suddenly turned. (This 275.

changing of the persons addressed is 33. formica. Virg. Geor. i. 186. a difficulty in Carm. iv. ii.) (and in Scripture, Proverbs, vi. 6.). 39. Epist. 1. i. 46. :36. inversum. A favourite com- | 45. triverit area. Tibull. 1. v. pound with Horace ; perhaps here, as | 22.; Virg. Geor. i. 192. some suggest, borrowing its meaning 46. plus ac. Al. plus quam. from the “inversa Aquarii urna." | 47. venales, slaves.'

Mille aret? At suave est ex magno tollere acervo.
Dum ex parvo nobis tantundem haurire relinquas,
Cur tua plus laudes cumeris granaria nostris ?
Ut tibi si sit opus liquidi non amplius urna
Vel cyatho et dicas : Magno de flumine mallem 55
Quam ex hoc fonticulo tantundem sumere. Eo fit.
Plenior ut si quos delectet copia justo,
Cum ripa simul avulsos ferat Aufidus acer.
At qui tantuli eget quanto est opus, is neque limo
Turbatam haurit aquam neque vitam amittit in undis. 60
At bona pars hominum decepta cupidine falso,
Nil satis est, inquit; quia tanti, quantum habeas, sis.
Quid facias illi ? Jubeas miserum esse, libenter
Quatenus id facit: ut quidam memoratur Athenis
Sordidus ac dives, populi contemnere voces
Sic solitus : Populus me sibilat, at mibi plaudo
Ipse domi, simul ac nummos contemplor in arca,
Tantalus a labris sitiens fugientia captat
Flumina .... Quid rides? Mutato nomine de te
Fabula narratur: congestis undique saccis

70
Indormis inhians et tanquam parcere sacris
Cogeris aut pictis tanquam gaudere tabellis.
Nescis quo valeat nummus? quem præbeat usum ?
Panis ematur, olus, vini sextarius ; adde

52. Soph. Philoct. 647. may be Quæstio ... compared.

Quantum quisque suâ nummorum 54, urna, cyatho. See on Carm. servat in arcâ, III. viii. 13.

Tantum habet et fidei. 58–60. See (for illustration of 63. libenter quatenus, let him this) the Eastern story in the Ram- be miserable if he likes it ;' lit., bler, No. 38., and Gray's Ode to since he is so of his own choice.' Vicissitude, stanz. 8.

miserum esse. Juv. xiv. 304. 61. bona pars. Cp.“ bona mag-| 66. Cp. Juv. xiv. 152-5.; e connaque pars.”—Lucret. v. 1024. A trar., Eurip. Ion, 630. phrase found in Terence also. 68—71. Tantalus ..., inhians. 62. tanti, quantum habeas, sis. Konep 8 Távtalos .., ALKEXNVOTES Juvenal's lines, iji. 140., with a dif- Móvov tq xpvolg.-Lucian. Timon, ferent application, are parallel to this:

| sacris. Cp. Sat. 11. iii. 109. sq. Protenus ad censum, de moribus 73. Compare Pope, Mor. Essays, ultima fiet